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Basics
Hydraulic
systems
are
designed
to
move
large
loads
by
controlling
high
pressure
uids
along
distribu7on
lines
and
actuators
with
electromechanical
valves.
The
basic
congura7on
of
a
hydraulic
system
consists
of
a:
1. Fluid
reservoir
2. Filter
3. Pump
4. Pressure
regulator
5. Control
valve
6. Actuator
The
heart
of
the
system
is
the
pump,
usually
driven
by
a
rota7ng
shaK
connected
to
a
motor.
Hydraulics Basics
Hydraulics Basics
Gear
Pump
Three
main
types
of
pumps:
Gear,
vane
and
piston
pump.
Gear
Pump:
-
Displaces
the
uid
between
the
teeth
of
meshing
gears,
this
meshing
provide
a
seal,
so
the
ow
goes
in
only
one
direc7on.
- Up
to
200cc
of
volumetric
displacement.
- 1000
->
3000
psi
Vane
Pump
Vane
Pump:
-
Displaces
the
uid
in
vanes
guided
by
rotor
slots.
This
pump
output
can
be
varied
by
moving
the
shaK
posi7on
rela7ve
to
the
housing.
- 2000
->
4000
psi
aprox.
Vane Pump
Vane Pump
Piston
Pump
Piston
Pump:
- Comprised
of
a
pair
of
pistons,
one
draws
uid
inside
while
the
other
pushes
it
to
the
outside.
- A
swash
plate
drives
both
pistons
and
by
adjus7ng
its
angle,
the
pump
displacement
can
be
changed.
- Up
to
6000
psi
aprox.
Piston Pump
hUps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEpQFZ5BG8c
hUps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YOTkYTqqAE
Hydraulic valves
Pressure regulator
Control valves
Spool
valve
Can
be
designed
to
be
either
a
Finite
or
Innite
control
valve
(with
certain
restric7ons).
The
displacement
of
the
spool
controls
the
ow
in
the
channels.
Spool valve
Spool valve
Spool
valve
Pilot
Control:
Pressure
and
ow
provided
by
slide
valve.
Pressure
regula7on
via
small
solenoid
(pilot).
CLASS
ACTIVITY
1.-
Which
type
of
input
signal
needed:
How
does
the
waveform
looks?
2.-
Explain
the
input-output
diagram
i.e.
the
current
vs.
pressure
diagram
3.-
Explain
how
is
the
liquid
owing
through
the
channels
in
each
part
of
the
diagram:
- Pump
pressure
- Working
pressure
- Tank
pressure
hUp://hydraulicspneuma7cs.com/other-technologies/chapter-4-iso-symbols
hUp://www.hydraulicsonline.co.uk/pdf/Hydraulic%20Symbols.pdf
hUp://www.mekanizmalar.com/ow_control_valve.html