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MARATHON
RIDGEBACK
D-FORCE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A Brief
Introduction
Ridgeback Marathon
Ridgeback D-Force
TM
1-2
TM
and
Comparison
Innovation, Evolution,
Features and Benefits
4-5
6-10
Tungsten Carbide
Industrial Bits
11
Mineral
Exploration Bits
12
13-16
Pilot Bits
17
18-21
C E R T I F I E D
Mission Statement
We will deliver ever-increasing value to our customers and other
stakeholders by exceeding industry standards for performance,
service and innovation.
Company Values
We believe that people make a successful business.
We are a team of passionate people who :
V alue
A re
R eliably
E thically
L ead
Development
of Varel rock bits
since
2000
The introduction of the patented
Varel Ridgeback series produced the
first generation of advanced
technology features designed for
longer life bearings, improved
cutting structures, and the famous
Ridgeback shirttail concept.
All of these features greatly
assists hole cleaning resulting
in extended bit life.
2008
Building on the success of
the patented Ridgeback series,
the introduction of the new
Ridgeback MarathonTM and
Ridgeback D-ForceTM Series
combines many of the existing
field-proven features, plus a
new high load SP1 bearing
package, reinforced gage and
shirttail protection features.
These Ridgeback D-ForceTM
features have been
introduced to increase
performance in highly
abrasive conditions.
TM
TM
TM
Ridgeback
Marathon Blast Hole
HET carbide
treatment
HET carbide
treatment
Vented cones
Vented cones
Tougher
carbide grades
Tough & wear
resistant
cutting structure
New SP1 advanced
bearing design
Increased
hole wall
clearance
New SP1 advanced
bearing design
New abrasion
resistant
carbide grades
Ridgeback
Sidewinder
shirttail/gage
protection
D-Force
TM
Ridgeback
Blast Hole
I N N O VAT I O N A N D
EVOLUTION
INTRODUCING
RIDGEBACK MARATHON
AND RIDGEBACK
D-FORCE SERIES
Air
Passageways
TM
TM
TM
RIDGEBACK
DESIGN
TECHNOLOGY
Carbide
Shirttail
Protection
Ball
Bearing
Pilot
Bearing
Thrust
Button
Thrust Faces
High Energy Tumbling
S E R I E S F E AT U R E S A N D
BENEFITS
RIDGEBACK
Advanced Bearing
Design
RIDGEBACK
M A R AT H O N
D-FORCE
Enhanced Cutter
Design The Ridgeback
TM
Marathon and Ridgeback
TM
D-Force design process provides
the highest penetration rates
and longest life available.
Improved Thrust
Capacity
Bearing thrust capacity is often
the limiting factor in bearing life.
Ridgeback MarathonTM bits feature
an improved thrust face design
which minimizes outward thrust
wear to prolong bearing life.
Maximum Gage
Protection SRT (Semi Round
TM
Innovation
Advantages
Longer bearing life
Back Flow Valves
BFVs are available for wet
conditions on both
Ridgeback MarathonTM and
Ridgeback D-ForceTM models.
Increased penetration
Added gage penetration
Reduced heat generation
Larger cuttings
Less dust
Vented Cones
Vented cones are standard in all
Ridgeback MarathonTM and
Ridgeback D-ForceTM series bits
9 and larger in diameter.
Vented cones allow a continuous
air flow throughout the bearings
to provide better cooling and
cleaning.
See page 20 for recommended
nozzle sizes when using bits
with vented cones.
S O F T F O R M AT I O N
INSERT BITS
RB30/DF30
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
70 to 120 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
2,000 to 4,000
RB40/DF40
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
70 to 120 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
2,000 to 4,500
DF43
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
D-FORCE : For use in more abrasive formations
containing sand, silica, quartz, most ignious formations and most
gold bearing formations.
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
70 to 120 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
2,000 to 5,000
APPLICATIONS:
D-FORCE : For use in more abrasive formations
containing sand, silica, quartz, most ignious formations and most
gold bearing formations.
Cutting structures may vary from those shown where RB and DF series bits share the same series number (i.e. RB40/DF40).
The Ridgeback D-ForceTM series
includes many of our Ridgeback
MarathonTM features with additional
gage protection and a heavy duty
Sidewinder leg which is designed
for extremely abrasive
applications and drilling conditions
where difficult hole cleaning, or
extreme formations, require
maximum shirttail protection.
Ridgeback
D-Force
(Sidewinder)
M E D I U M F O R M AT I O N
INSERT BITS
Medium formation bits are most commonly used in the mining industry,
and provide long bearing life with additional insert strength for consolidated formations.
RB50
series
STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
70 to 120 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
2,500 to 5,000
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
RB53/DF53
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
70 to 120 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
2,500 to 5,000
RB60/DF60
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
60 to 100 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
3,000 to 6,000
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
D-FORCE : For use in more abrasive formations
containing sand, silica, quartz, most ignious formations most
gold bearing formations.
Cutting structures may vary from those shown where RB and DF series bits share the same series number (i.e. RB40/DF40).
The Ridgeback D-Force series
includes many of our Ridgeback
Marathon features with additional
gage protection and a heavy duty
Sidewinder leg which is designed
for extremely abrasive
applications and drilling conditions
where difficult hole cleaning, or
extreme formations, require
maximum shirttail protection.
Ridgeback
D-Force
(Sidewinder)
MEDIUM HARD
INSERT BITS
F O R M AT I O N
All medium hard formation bits are designed with aggressive
cutter profiles to provide extremely high penetration rates
when higher pulldown is needed.
RB63/DF63
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
60 to 100 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
3,000 to 6,000
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
RB67/DF67
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
60 to 100 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
3,000 to 6,500
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
D-FORCE : For use in more abrasive formations
containing sand, silica, quartz, most ignious formations most
gold bearing formations.
Cutting structures may vary from those shown where RB and DF series bits share the same series number (i.e. RB40/DF40).
Ridgeback
D-Force
(Sidewinder)
H A R D / V E RY H A R D
INSERT BITS
F O R M AT I O N
All hard formation bits are designed with tough low
extension cutter profiles to provide maximum durability
in hard formations.
RB70/DF70
series
STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
50 to 90 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
4,000 to 7,500
RB80G
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
D-FORCE : For use in more abrasive formations
containing sand, silica, quartz, most ignious formations most
gold bearing formations.
series
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
40 to 70 rpm
JET CIRCULATION:
All sizes
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
5,000 to 8,000
APPLICATIONS:
MARATHON : For use in less abrasive formations such as
shales, limestones, carbonates, most metamorphic
formations and most copper bearing formations.
Cutting structures may vary from those shown where RB and DF series bits share the same series number (i.e. RB40/DF40).
Ridgeback
D-Force
(Sidewinder)
RIDGEBACK
Diameter
TM
Inches
mm
6 1/4
159
6 3/4
171
RB40
7 3/8
187
RB40
RB50
7 7/8
200
RB40
RB50
8 1/2
216
229
RB30
RB40
9 7/8
251
RB30
RB40
10 5/8
270
11
280
12 1/4
311
13 3/4
349
16
406.4
PRODUCT LINE
RB53
RB30
RB60
RB50
RB70
RB50
RB53
RB60
RB63
RB67
RB40
RB40
RB43
RB50
RB43
RB43
mm
6 3/4
159
7 7/8
200
229
9 7/8
251
DF30
DF40
10 5/8
270
DF30
DF40
11
280
12 1/4
311
16
406.4
DF20
DF30
DF40
kg
3 1/2
42
19
3 1/2
46
21
3 1/2
58
26
4 1/2
76
35
4 1/2
83
38
4 1/2
96
43
6 5/8
145
66
RB60
RB63
RB67
RB53
RB60
RB63
RB67
6 5/8
157
72
RB53
RB60
RB67
6 5/8
193
88
RB53
RB60
6 5/8
225
102
RB53
RB60
6 5/8
292
134
7 BECO
580
264
RB63
RB67
RB80G
RB70
RB80G
RB67
TM
PRODUCT LINE
lbs
RB53
DF43
SOFT > MDIUM
Inches
Inches
RB60
RB60*
Diameter
Approx Wt
RB53
D-FORCE
DF43
DF60
DF43
DF60
DF70
DF70
DF63
DF60
DF53
DF57
Pin Size
Approx Wt
Inches
lbs
kg
3 1/2
42
19
4 1/2
76
35
4 1/2
96
43
6 5/8
145
66
DF60
DF63
DF67
DF60
DF63
DF67
6 5/8
157
72
DF60
DF63
DF67
6 5/8
193
88
DF60
DF63
DF67
6 5/8
225
102
DF67*
7 BECO
580
264
DF70
10
Pin Size
SOFT
Inches
mm
2 15/16 - 3
75-76
3 7/8
98
101
4 1/4
108
4 1/2
114
4 3/4
121
4 7/8
123
5 1/8
130
QMC9
5 5/8
143
5 7/8
MEDIUM
3
HARD
3
Pin Size
3
Approx Wt
lbs
kg
N Rod
3.6
DWH
2 3/8
10
4.5
DWH
2 3/8
11
4.75
DW7
2 3/8
12
5.5
DW7
2 3/8
13
5.8
DW7 QMC7
2 7/8
15
6.8
QMC7
2 7/8
16
7.1
DW7 QMC7
2 7/8
17
7.7
DW9
DW7 QMC7
3 1/2
27
12.2
149
DW9
DW7
3 1/2
28
12.7
152
DW9
DW7
3 1/2
35
15.9
6 1/4
159
QMC7
3 1/2
36
16.3
DW7
DW531
DW532
DW9
DW53ET
QMC53ET
M60
Please note that all QMC series products may be slightly oversize.
All DW series products are made strictly to API tolerance standards.
DW9
DW53ET
DW7
DWH
11
M I N E R A L E X P L O R AT I O N B I T S
Varel has developed a range of reverse circulation bits with various bearing
packages. These bits are suitable for soft/medium formation drilling and
have:
Open non-sealed roller bearings.
Fully sealed compensated journal bearings.
EXPLORATION BITS
BIT AVAILABILITY
Bit
Diameter
Type
Varel provides a range of products for reverse circulation applications. These bits
are developed to provide exceptional performance in a wide variety of formations
typically encountered during mineral exploration. The center hole is the maximum
diameter possible for superior hole cleaning and cuttings retrieval. All RX and RC
bits are precision machined to work with most existing R/C systems.
5 1/8"
DW53ET
MEDIUM
OPEN
5 1/4"
RX53
MEDIUM
OPEN
5 3/8"
RX53
MEDIUM
OPEN
5 1/2"
RX53
MEDIUM
OPEN
Products featuring both sealed and open bearings are available. Varel fullysealed
bearing products for reverse circulation applications feature fully pressure
compensated, non serviceable lubrication supplied to the industrys most
sophisticated journal bearing. The bearing features hardmetal inlays on all contact
surfaces with silver-plated cone bearings, specially formulated seal compounds, and
high-temperature lubricant. The bearings and seals are developed for long life.
3 7/8"
CH24
SOFT
SEALED*
4 3/4"
CH24
SOFT
SEALED*
4 3/4"
CH35
MEDIUM
SEALED*
4 3/4"
ETD48
HARD
SEALED*
5"
RC537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 1/8"
RC537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 1/4"
RC537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 3/8"
RC537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 1/2"
RC537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 5/8"
CH34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 3/4"
CH34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 7/8"
CM34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
Formation
Bearing
6"
CM34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
6 1/8"
CM34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
6 1/4"
CM34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
6 1/2"
ETD34
MEDIUM
SEALED*
6 3/4"
V537
MEDIUM
SEALED*
5 1/2 - RC537
12
SOFT
1
MEDIUM
3
HARD
3
Pin Size
3
Approx Wt
lbs
kg
2 7/8
73
LH1
N Rod
1.8
2 15/16
75
LH1
N Rod
1.8
3 1/4
79-82
N Rod
4 1/4
1.9
2 3/8
4.1
2 3/8
4.1
2 3/8
4.1
2 3/8
10
4.5
2 3/8
11
2 7/8
11
LH1
2 7/8
16
7.3
LH1
L2
L1
LH1
L2
95
L2
108
L2
4 1/2
114
L2
4 5/8
117
L2
4 3/4
121
L2
4 7/8
123
127
5 1/8
130
5 1/4
L1
LH1
LH1
L1
L2
2 7/8
16
7.3
L2
2 7/8
16
7.3
L2
2 7/8
17
133
L2
2 7/8
17
5 3/8
136
L2
2 7/8
17
5 1/2
140
L2
2 7/8
22
10
5 5/8
143
L2
3 1/2
22
10
5 3/4
146
L2
3 1/2
22
10
5 7/8
149
L2
3 1/2
22
10
152
L2
3 1/2
26
11.8
6 1/8
156
L2
3 1/2
26
11.8
6 1/4
159
L2
3 1/2
29
13.2
6 1/2
165
L2
3 1/2
29
13.2
6 5/8
168
L2
3 1/2
33
15
6 3/4
171
L2
3 1/2
33
15
7 7/8
200
L2
4 1/2
62
28
8 1/2
216
L2
4 1/2
83
38
12 1/4
311
L121*
6 5/8
200
91
13 3/4
349
L121*
6 5/8
292
133
14 3/4
375
L111*
7 5/8
345
157
15
381
L111*
7 5/8
345
157
16
406
L111*
7 5/8
390
178
17 1/2
445
L111*
7 5/8
450
204
20
508
L111*
7 5/8
647
293
21-22
533
L111*
7 5/8
860
391
23-24
584
L111*
7 5/8
891
404
26
660
L111*
7 5/8
1300
589
27 1/2
698
L111*
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
1300
589
28
711
L113*
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
1420
645
34
863
L3A
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
2200
1000
V3M0
V3S0
L211*
L1
36
914
L3A
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
2400
1100
38 1/4
1001
L3A
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
3850
1746
44
1118
L111A
7 5/8 or 8 5/8
6000
2722
* JET BITS
The above chart represents commonly available sizes and types. Varel International does produce other sizes and
types of rock bits which do not appear on this list. Please consult your local representative or visit our Web site.
WWW.VARELINTL.COM
If you have custom requirements for a specific application, please contact your local sales representative/agent.
13
S O F T F O R M AT I O N
L111
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
JET CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES:
FORMATIONS: Soft limestones, soft clays, red beds, soft shales, shells
and other formations with relatively low compressive strengths.
FEATURES: Long, slim, widely spaced teeth. All teeth are hard faced.
Skewed cone action for high penetration rates.
L111
L121
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
JET CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES:
FORMATIONS: Soft limestones, soft clays, red beds, soft shales, shells
and other formations with relatively low compressive strengths.
FEATURES: Long, slim, widely spaced teeth with additional hard facing.
Skewed cone action for high penetration rates.
L121
V3MO
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
JET CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES:
FEATURES: All teeth are hard faced with extra heavy deposits of tungsten carbide for long life. Additional gage hard metal assures more protection for the
shirttails. Spacing and angle of teeth allow for durability and long life.
V3M0
14
L2
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
ALL REGULAR CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES;
L2
L1
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
REGULAR CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES:
L1
LH1
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
DRILLING SPEEDS:
REGULAR CIRCULATION:
DRILLING WEIGHTS:
(lbs/inch of bit diameter)
GAGE TYPES:
FEATURES: Closely spaced, strong short teeth for maximum crushing and
chipping.
LH1
15
F E AT U R E S
Optional Features
1. Jet Circulation: Specify air or fluid circulation.
2. Regular (center) Circulation: Specify fluid or air circulation and,
full hole or orifice plate.
3. Reverse Circulation: Precision machined to customer specifications.
4. BECO Pin thread connection.
16
Bit Sizes
Bit Type
15"
PHR80*
13 3/4"
PH80
12 1/4"
PHR80* - PH80
11"
PH60 - PH80
9"
PH80
12 1/4 - PH80
17
CONVERSION TABLE
DEPTH
WEIGHT ON BIT
NOZZLE SIZE
VOLUME
CIRCULATION RATE
ANNULAR VELOCITY
PRESSURE
TORQUE
AREA
18
TO CONVERT
INTO
MULTIPLY BY
feet
meters
0.3048
metres
feet
3.2808
inches
millimeters
25.4
millimeters
inches
0.0394
pounds
decanewtons
0.4448
decanewtons
tonne (metric)
2.2481
tonne
pounds
0.0004536
pounds
kilograms
0.4536
kilograms
pounds
2.205
32nds
millimeters
0.7938
millimeters
32nds
1.2598
barrels
cubic meters
0.1590
cubic meters
barrels
6.290
U.S. gallons
cubic meters
0.003785
cubic meters
U.S. gallons
264.2
U.S. gallons
liters
3.7854
liters
U.S. gallons
0.2642
42
barrels/min
gallons/min
gallons/min
barrels/min
0.02381
gallons/min
liters/min
3.7854
liters/min
gallons/min
0.2642
feet/min
meters/min
0.3048
meters/min
feet/min
3.2808
psi
kilopascals
6.8947
kilopascals
psi
0.14504
psi
megapscals
0.006895
megapascals
psi
145.038
psi
atm
0.06804
atm
psi
14.696
psi
bars
0.06895
bars
psi
14.5038
psi
kilogram/sq cm
0.07031
kilogram/sq cm
psi
14.2233
pound/gallon
kilogram/cubic meter
119.829
kilogram/cubic meter
pound/gallon
0.008345
pound/gallon
specific gravity
0.119829
specific gravity
pound gallon
8.3452
pound/gallon
psi/1000 ft
51.948
psi/100 ft
pound gallon
0.01923
foot pound
newton meters
1.3558
newton meters
foot pound
0.7376
square inches
square millimeters
645.16
square millimeters
square inches
0.00155
2500
5000
7500 10000 12500 15000 17500 20000 22500 25000 27500 30000 32500 35000 37500 40000 42500 45000 47500 50000 52500 55000 57500 60000 62500 65000 67500 70000
MPA
PTO
17.2
2.5
34.5
4
51.7
6
69.0
7
86.2
8
FORMATION
SCHIST (SOFT)
SANDSTONE
(SOFT)
LIMESTONE
(SOFT)
LIMESTONE
(HARD)
CONGLOMERATE
S
O
F
T
QUARTZITE
(HARD)
BASALT (HARD)
DIABASE
(DOLERITE)
AMPHIBOLITE
GRANITE
GABBRO
GNEISS
(AVERAGE)
SLATE
QUARTZITE
(SOFT)
DIORITE
SANDSTONE
(HARD)
103.4 120.7 137.9 155.1 172.4 189.6 206.8 224.1 241.3 258.6 275.8 293.0 310.3 327.5 344.7 362.0 379.2 396.5 413.7 430.9 448.2 465.4 482.6
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
18
19
20
21
22
23
23
24
30
40
Varel
Ridgeback Marathon
Ridgeback D-Force
Series Insert Bits
43
M
E
D
I
U
M
TM
TM
50
53
60
63
H
A
R
D
67
70
80
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000
MPA
6.9
13.8
20.7
27.6
34.5
41.4
48.3
55.2
62.1
82.7
89.6
96.5
PTO
TUFF
SANDSTONE
(SOFT)
LIMESTONE
(SOFT)
BASALT (SOFT)
LIMESTONE
(HARD)
CONGLOMERATE
DOLOMITE
SHALE (SOFT)
S
O
F
T
M
E
D
I
U
M
H
A
R
D
10
10
11
11
12
DIORITE
SCHIST (HARD)
MARBLE
75.8
ANDESITE
69.0
SANDSTONE
(HARD)
FORMATION
1000
SCHIST (SOFT)
L111
V3MO
Varel
Steel Tooth
Bits
L2
L1
LH1
19
U S E F U L O P E R AT I O N A L D ATA
Tips for optimizing drill bit performance
mm
Area/1 Hole
Sq. in. mm
Area/3 Holes
Sq. in.
mm
1/4
6.35
.049
31.62
.147
94.84
9/32
7.14
.062
40.00
.186
120.01
5/16
7.93
.076
49.04
.228
147.11
11/32
8.73
.093
60.00
.279
180.01
3/8
9.52
.110
70.97
.330
219.92
13/32
10.31
.130
83.88
.390
251.63
7/16
11.11
.150
96.78
.450
290.34
15/32
11.90
.172
110.97
.516
332.92
1/2
12.70
.196
126.46
.588
379.38
17/32
13.49
.222
143.23
.666
429.70
9/16
14.28
.248
160.01
.745
480.67
5/8
15.87
.306
197.43
.918
592.29
11/16
17.46
.372
240.01
1.116
720.04
3/4
19.05
.442
285.18
1.326
855.54
7/8
22.22
.601
387.77
1.803
1163.30
25.40
.785
506.48
2.355
1519.45
1 1/8
28.57
.993
640.68
2.985
1925.92
1 1/4
31.75
1.228
792.31
3.684
2376.92
Bit size
9 7/8" - 13 3/4"
1/2"
7/16"
7/16"
9/16"
1/2"
1/2"
5/8"
9/16"
9/16"
11/16"
5/8"
5/8"
3/4" Chart
3/4" Hole Area
Nozzle
11/16"
2. When purchasing a new drill specify compressors with adequate capacity. Dont
forget the altitude factor when sizing the compressor. Often 7,000 to 10,000
linear feet per minute in return air velocity is required to properly clean the hole,
particularly with heavier or larger cuttings.
3. Inspect the rock bit after each hole and record the condition of the rock bit at
regular intervals.
4. Hot cones may indicate obstruction of the air passage to the bearings.
5. Pressure gage increases may indicate air passages are plugging.
6. An increase in air pressure may indicate unwanted restrictions in the air system.
A decrease in air pressure may indicate leakage in the air system.
7. Accidental dropping of the bit and drill string can damage bearings and/or cones.
8. The I.D. (inside diameter) of the pin and box connections of the drill string
should be the same as or larger than the I.D. of the pin on the rock bit. This will
reduce the pressure drop loss across the drill string to the lowest possible psi.
9. Avoid early bit failures by refraining from using bent drill steel and excessively
worn drill steel, stabilizers, deck bushings or shock subs.
10. When making up the rock bit use slow rotation and ensure that the drill string
and rock bit mate properly shoulder to shoulder. Monitor the process carefully in
order to avoid cross threading.
11. Use proper tool joint lubrication to maintain connections.
12. Use only the minimum amount of water required to suppress the dust.
13. Use the factory recommended weight and rotation speeds to accommodate the
formations being drilled.
14. Rotary speed should be decreased as down pressure is increased and down
pressure decreased as rotary speed is increased.
15. Accurate information is valuable knowledge. Always record footage drilled, time
in the hole, rpm, weight on bit, psi, formation drilled and any unusual drilling
conditions. (Water in the hole, broken formations, etc.)
16. Form drilling process improvement teams with your key suppliers. Establish
improvement goals and measure progress.
= B + R
F
P
TDC
13/16"
13/16"
3/4"
7/8"
7/8"
13/16"
15/16"
15/16"
7/8"
1"
1"
15/16"
= Operating cost per hour for the drill rig expressed in dollars per hour
= Penetration rate of the rock bit expressed as feet or meters per hour
20
1. Keep rotating the bit, and turn on the air before the bit touches the ground,
and keep the air on until the bit is out of the hole. If the bit is to stay in the
hole while adding drill steel, blow the hole clean for 60 seconds prior to turning
off the air.
U S E F U L O P E R AT I O N A L D ATA
Full
Air
Course
Diameter
Jet
Nozzle
Diameter
3 Each
mm in.
mm
in.
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
12.70
15.87
19.05
22.22
25.40
19.05
22.22
25.40
28.57
15.87
19.05
22.22
25.40
28.57
3/4
7/8
1
10 5/8 270 1 1/8
to
1 3/8
17 1/2 445 1 1/2
2
19.05
22.22
25.40
28.57
34.92
38.10
50.80
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/4
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/4
7/8
1 1/8
5 3/8 137
to
6 3/4 171
7 3/8 187
to
7 7/8 200
9
229
to
9 7/8 251
Air Pressure Drop (pounds per square inch) Bits with various air course diameters or jet nozzle sizes
Air Volume Delivered
Cubic Feet Per Minute
mm 400 500
600
700
800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2600 2800 3000
45
36
30
26
21
24
65
54
44
36
32
38
30
23
75
64
51
44
37
45
36
29
24
57
45
36
29
22
84
72
60
51
44
52
42
35
29
65
53
42
35
28
28
21
33
26
22
7.93
9.52
11.11
12.70
14.28
11.11
12.70
14.28
15.87
9.52
11.11
12.70
14.28
15.87
19.05
11.11
12.70
14.28
15.87
19.05
22.22
28.57
29
22
55
46
37
32
26
31
24
39
30
24
49
38
30
23
22
81
68
57
50
58
48
40
34
73
61
48
41
35
22
38
30
26
22
76
64
54
66
54
46
39
80
68
56
46
39
25
44
36
30
25
82
70
59
72
62
52
44
75
63
52
44
29
49
41
34
28
76
65
78
70
58
50
82
69
57
49
34
55
46
37
30
22
82
70
84
79
64
55
76
82
87
70
60
76
65
83
71
74
62
52
39
61
50
41
34
25
20
80
67
56
43
66
55
45
37
28
22
71
61
46
72
59
49
41
31
24
76
65
50
78
63
53
45
34
26
76
82
81
69
53
73
57
77
60
81
64
68
58
49
37
28
73
62
52
40
30
78
66
56
43
31
70
60
45
33
67
71
74
78
82
75
64
48
36
20
67
51
38
22
71
54
40
28
75
57
43
30
60
45
30
64
47
32
68
50
34
In addition to adequate return air velocities, the pressure drop across the bit must be controlled to obtain the optimum bearing life.
Pressure drop across the bit should be maintained in excess of 30 psi. Two (2) to ten (10) psi should be added for losses in the system
ahead of the bit. For optimum bit life nozzles should be selected to hold pressure near the maximum allowable on the compressor.
Bailing velocity
BV
BV
ACFM
183.3
D
d
=
=
=
=
=
183.3 x ACFM
D 2 _ d2
Bailing velocity(feet per minute)
Actual cubic feet of free air per minute delivered
Factor for conversion
Diameter of the hole being drilled. (inches)
Outside diameter of the drill pipe being utilized. (inches)
21
SALES
OFFICES
WORLDWIDE:
VAREL INTERNATIONAL
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
1625 West Crosby, Suite 124, Carrollton, Texas 75006
U.S.A.
Mailing address:
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Phone: +1-800-827-3526 / +1-972-242-1160
Fax: +1-972-242-8770
Email: customerservice@varelintl.com
Watts: 1-800-VARELCO (827-3526)
MEXICO
VAREL DE MEXICO, S.A DE C.V.
3a. Y Michoacan #310 Sur
Fraccionamiento Moderno,
H. Matamoros
Tamaulipas, Mexico
C.P. 87380
Phone: +52-868-8170467
Fax:
+52-868-8172106
Email: JSarachaga@Varelintl.com
SOUTH AMERICA
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Las Poncianas 105/107, La Molina Vieja
Lima 12, Peru
Phones: +51-1-365-2529 / 365-5178
Fax:
+51-1-365-8305
Cellular: +51-1-9999-60283-989 164305-989 164302
Email: Servicioalcliente@Varelintl.com
Email: VCobena@Varelintl.com
ASIA-PACIFIC
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Suite 31, 135, Riseley Street
Booragoon, WA 6154
Australia.
Phone: +61-8-9315-9999
Fax:
+61-8-9315-9800
Email: varelaustralia@varelintl.com
7234 - 012011
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