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IJPIs Journal of Pharmaceutics and Cosmetology

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Isolation and Evaluation of Natural Superdisintegrant from Plantago Ovata in

MDTs of Telmisartan
*Bhise Sucheta D., Jarande Kiran, Patil Mithun V.K., Patankar R.D.
Abhinav College of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune- 41, State- Maharashtra, INDIA

Corresponding author: Bhise Sucheta D.

Email address: suchetabhise@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this research was to develop fast dissolving tablets of Telmisartan containing natural
superdisnitegrant from Plantago Ovata (family: Plantaginaceae). The mucilage was extracted from seeds of
Plantago Ovata and used to develop the mouth dissolving tablet of Telmisartan. The extracted mucilage was
characterized for weight loss on drying, particle size, pH of solution, swelling ratio, bulk and tapped density,
compressibility index, viscosity, angle of repose. The disintegration property of extracted mucilage in MDTs
was compared with widely used superdisintegrants like sodium starch glycolate (SSG), and microcrystalline
cellulose (MCC).The prepared MDTs were evaluated for uniformity of weight, hardness, tablet thickness,
percentage friability, wetting time, and in-vitro disintegration time, In-vitro dissolution. From the study, it
was concluded that higher dissolution of tablet could be obtained when mucilage concentration is 10% and
also the sodium starch glycolate concentration was 10% which was not found to be the case for
microcrystalline cellulose.
Keywords: Telmisartan, MDTs, Plantago Ovata, sodium starch glycolate, microcrystalline cellulose

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1. INTRODUCTION
Disintegrants are substances or group of substances added to the formulations that facilitate the breakup or
disintegration of tablets into smaller particles that dissolve more rapidly than in the absence of disintegrants.
Disintegrant have the major function to oppose the efficiency of tablet binder and physical forces that act under
compression to form the tablets. Tablet disintegration has been considered as the rate limiting step in faster drug
release. Disintegrants are substances that are added to formulations to dissolve more rapidly in aqueous environment.
Mucilages have been used as disintegrants due to their swelling properties. They can display good binding property;
both of these properties depend upon the concentration of mucilage in formulation. Generally in the 1 to 10%
concentration of total tablet weight mucilages can act as disintegrant. This is an important parameter to determine the
application of mucilage in particular formulation. (1,2)
Mucilages are used as disintegrant in solid pharmaceutical formulations. Many of them are already evaluated
for its disintegrant properties and others are in process. Disintegrants are an essential component to tablet formulations.
The ability to interact strongly with water is essential to disintegrant function. Combinations of swelling and/or
wicking and/or deformation are the mechanisms of disintegrant action. In a direct compression process, drug is blended
with a variety of excipients, subsequently lubricated and directly compressed into a tablet. A disintegrant used in this
type of formulation, simply has to break the tablet apart to expose the drug substance for dissolution [3, 4]. Most
common tablets are those intended to be swallowed whole and to disintegrate and release their medicaments rapidly in
the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
The proper choice of disintegrant and its consistency of performance are of critical importance to the
formulation development of such tablets. In more recent years, increasing attention has been paid to formulating not
only fast dissolving and/or disintegrating tablets that are swallowed, but also orally disintegrating tablets that are
intended to dissolve and/or disintegrate rapidly in the mouth. Most prior studies have focused on the function related
properties of superdisintegrants with special emphasis on correlating these functional properties to disintegrant
efficiency and drug release rate. Water penetration rate and rate of disintegration force development are generally
positively related to disintegrant efficiency in nonsoluble matrices.
Natural Superdisintegrants:
Disintegrating agents are substances routinely included in the tablet formulations to aid in the breakup of the
compacted mass when it is put into a fluid environment. They promote moisture penetration and dispersion of the tablet
matrix. In recent years, several newer agents have been developed known as Superdisintegrants. These newer
substances are more effective at lower concentrations with greater disintegrating efficiency and mechanical strength.
On contact with water the superdisintegrants swell, hydrate, change volume or form and produce a disruptive change in
the tablet. Effective superdisintegrants provide improved compressibility, compatibility and have no negative impact
on the mechanical strength of formulations containing high-dose drugs. The natural superdisintegrants involve various
natural substances like gums, mucilages, and other substances of natural origin which are more effective at lower
concentrations with greater disintegrating efficiency and mechanical strength. Some natural substances like gum
karaya, modified starch and agar have been used in the formulation of MDTs. Mucilage of natural origin is preferred
over semisynthetic and synthetic substances because they are comparatively cheaper, abundantly available, non
irritating and nontoxic in nature. Some natural polymer provides the fast disintegration as synthetic superdisintegrants.
Recently some gums and mucilages have been investigated to improve the disintegration processes.
Rapidly disintegrating tablets (RDT) are solid single-unit dosage forms that are placed in the mouth, allowed to
disperse/dissolve in the saliva and then swallowed without the need for water (1). Decline in swallowing of
conventional tablets, capsules or powders have consequently, attracted the development of RDT has among
pharmaceutical industry but also academia.(2).Commercially available rapidly dissolving or disintegrating tablets are
obtained by several methods. Rapidly disintegrating tablets were developed by compression methods using dry & wet
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powders containing drugs. The preparation processes for wet granulation usually as follows: after blending the
excipient with the drug, the powder mixture is moistened with solvent. The resultant wet powder will then be molded
or compressed under low compression force, and after drying in ambient air or an oven, the desired tablets will be
obtained. The most commonly used solvent is aqueous alcohol, although other volatile solvents such as acetone and
hydrocarbons have also been used. To increase the hardness and reduce erosion of the edges of the tablets during
handling, binding agents such as glucose, sucrose, acacia, or povidone are usually added to the solvent mixture (3) .
When a solid dosage form is orally applied, the drug substance has to be dissolved first so that it can be
absorbed. If the particle surface of the drug is hydrophobic, the effective surface actually involved in the dissolution
process is smaller than the geometric particle surface (4), because wetting is restricted by hydrophobic surfaces.
Dissolution therefore is delayed fast dissolving preparations are especially applied in acute disease situations are
designed, therefore, in such a manner that the optimum of the effective surface area is quickly generated. The
generation of the effective surface is an influential process that begins immediately after the dosage form and solvent
have come into contact and controls the drug liberation during the starting phase. Researchers have suggested mixing
of hydrophilic substances with disintegration property may yield for rapid generation of effective surface especially of
hydrophobic drugs (5). An attempt is made in the present study to investigate the property of dried isabgol mucilage as
hydrophilic superdisintegrant (6) and also to study of effect on surface properties. For that purpose diclofenac,
hydrophobic drug having anti-inflammatory action was compressed as tablets with dried isabgol mucilage. Tablets
were investigated with respect to wetting, water uptake, disintegration dissolution and other parameters. The excipients
which are generally a mixture of several substances are involved in a complex series of processes that begin when the
solvent contacts the solid and penetrate the matrix.
Now a day fast dissolving technology has a nice applicability in case of patient care. Because this type of
formulation can disintegrate within few seconds and release their active ingredient very fast and onset of action can be
achieved in few minutes. Mostly superdisintegrants are added to the formulations to break up the tablet into small
particle that can rapidly dissolve. Many synthetic substances like Sodium Starch Glycolate, Ac-di-Sol, Crossprovidone
, and Kyron T314 have been used as a disintegrating agent in the tablet formulation.1 Mucilage and gums have been
used since ancient times for their medicinal uses. In the modern era also they are widely used in the pharmaceutical
industries as thickeners, water retention agents, and emulsion stabilizers, suspending agents, binders and film formers.
Apart from its use in finished medicines, newer uses have been found in the preparation of cosmetics, textiles, and
paint paper. Mucilage of natural origin is preferred over synthetic and semisynthetic agent because they are cheaper,
abundantly available, nontoxic and nonirritating in nature. Lepidium sativum (family: Cruciferae) is known as asaliyo
and widely used as herbal medicine in India. Its seeds contain higher amount of mucilage, which has various
characteristic like binding, disintegrating, gelling etc. Hence using similar technique, in the present study, a method is
developed to isolate the mucilage from seeds of Plantago Ovata and it was used to develop the mouth dissolving
tablets of antihypertensive drug Telmisartan. The disintegration property of MDTs was compared with widely used
superdisintegrants like Sodium starch glycolate (SSG), and Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (7, 8).
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS
2.1 Material:
Telmisartan was obtained as a gift sample from Unichem Laboratories, Nasik, Maharashtra and all other
chemicals of AR grade were obtained from New Neeta Chemicals, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
2.2 Method:
2.2.1 Methodology for extraction of mucilage (9)
Plantago ovata: Mucilage was isolated by soaking seeds of Plantago ovata in water (20-30 times) for at least 48 hrs,
boiled for 2 hrs subsequently mucilage was released into the water completely. With the help of the muslin cloth the
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mucilage was squeezed out and separated from seeds. The mucilage collected and precipitated using 3 times of 95%
ethanol. Collected mucilage was dried in the oven at 50-55. Dried mucilage was scraped and powdered using pestle
and mortar. Powder was sieved using mesh no.60.
2.2.2 Physicochemical characterization of mucilage:
(a) Weight loss on drying
Weight loss on drying was determined for an appropriate quantity of mucilage at 105 C for 2 hour and percentage loss
of moisture on drying was calculated using the formula:
LOD (%) = (Weight of water in sample/Weight of dry sample) 100
(b) Particle size
The particle size of the dried-powder mucilage was determined by the microscopic method and the study was carried
out in triplicate
(c) pH of solution
The PH of the 0.5% solution was measured with a pH meter.
(d)Charring
A few milligrams of dried mucilage were placed in a melting-point apparatus. The temperature was taken and recorded
when the material started to char.
(e) Swelling ratio
The study was carried out using a 100 ml stoppard graduated cylinder. The initial bulk volume of 1 gm of dried
mucilage was recorded. Water was added in sufficient quantity to yield 100 ml of a uniform dispersion. The sediment
volume of the swollen mass was measured after 24 hour, stored at room temperature. The swelling ratio was calculated
by taking the ratio of the swollen volume to the initial bulk volume.
(f) Bulk and tapped density
A preweighted, presieved quantity of dried mucilage was poured into a graduated cylinder, and the volume recorded.
The cylinder was tapped until the powder-bed volume reached a minimum value, and the tapped volume was recorded.
The bulk and tapped densities were calculated.
Bulk density = Mass/Bulk volume
Tapped density = Mass/Tapped volume
(g) Compressibility Index
Compressibility index gives the important property of granules. It is also known as Carrs index. It can be calculated by
following equation:
Compressibility Index = (T B) x 100
T
(h) Viscosity
Rheological studies of dried mucilage were carried out using varying concentrations (0.1 0.5% w/v) prepared in
distilled water. The viscosities were measured using a Brookfield viscometer.
(i) Angle of Repose
The fixed funnel and free-standing cone methods employ a funnel that is secured with its tip at given height, H, which
was kept 2 cm, above graph paper that is placed on a flat horizontal surface. With r, being the radius of base of conical
pile,
tan = h / r
2.3 Analysis of Telmisartan:
2.3.1 Construction of Calibration Curve of Telmisartan in 0.1N HCl (10)
10 mg of Telmisartan was transferred to 10 ml volumetric flask containing 10 ml ethanol. From this stock
solution 1 ml of aliquot was diluted to 10 ml using distilled water to give a solution of concentration of 100g/ml. This
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standard stock solution was then appropriately diluted with distilled water to obtain series of Telmisartan solutions in
the range of 2-20g/ml.The absorbance of all the solutions was measured against blank as distilled water at 293 nm
using double beam spectrophotometer. A standard plot of absorbance v/s concentration of drug was plotted.
2.3.2 Characterization of Telmisartan
(a) Melting Point Determination:
The melting point was determined by using Digital Melting Point Apparatus.
(b) Solubility determination of Telmisartan:
i. Aqueous solubility determination:
The solubility was determined in distilled water. The procedure is detailed as follows:
In 250ml conical flasks, 25 ml of distilled water was transferred. Excess quantity of drug was added to each flask. Then
the flask was kept in rotary mechanical shaker for 48 hours. Mixtures in flasks were filtered. The filtrate were diluted
with appropriate medium and analyzed by using UV spectrophotometer at 293nm.
ii. pH dependent solubility determination:
pH solubility of Telmisartan was obtained in the buffers of pH 1.2,4.6,6.8 and 7.4.Excess quantity of drug was
added to 250 ml conical flasks containing 25 ml of buffers. Then flasks were shaken on rotary mechanical shaker for
48 hours. Mixtures in flasks were filtered. The filtrates were diluted with appropriate medium and analyzed by using
spectrophotometer at 290 nm.
2.4 Preparation of Fast dissolving Telmisartan Tablets using Sodium Starch Glycolate (synthetic),
Microcrystalline cellulose (synthetic) and Plantago ovata mucilage (herbal) superdisintegrants: (11, 12)
Different fast dissolving tablets formulations were prepared by direct compression method. All the powders
were passed through 80 mesh sieve to decrease the particle size. Required quantity of drug and excipients mixed
thoroughly. The blend was compressed using single punch tablet punching machine. Each tablet contained 05 mg of
Telmisartan and other pharmaceutical ingredients.
2.5 Formulation for optimization of Sodium Starch Glycolate as a disintegrating agent:
Composition for optimization of sodium starch glycolate as a solubilizing agent for fast dissolving formulation
is shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Formulation for optimization of sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrating agent
Ingredients

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

Telmisartan

05

05

05

05

05

SSG

7.2

9.4

12.5

14.6

18

Mannitol

84.4

82.2

79.1

77

73.6

Magnesium stearate

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

Talc

1.24

1.24

1.24

1.24

1.24

Total weight

100 mg

100 mg

100 mg

100 mg

100 mg

* All quantity in mg
Same studies were conducted for MCC as superdisintegrant but the results were not as good as SSG hence
SSG was considered for further studies.

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2.6 Formulation of preliminary trial batches to check the activity of mucilage as disintegrating agent:
Composition of preliminary trials batches to check the activity of mucilage as disintegrating agent is as shown
in Table 2.
Table 2: Two trial batches to check the activity of mucilage as disintegrating agent
Ingredients

Sodium starch glycolate

Mucilage

Telmisartan
MCC
SSG
Mucilage
Magnesium stearate
Talc
Mannitol
Total weight

05
65.20
05%
1.8
03
15
100 mg

05
65.20
05%
1.8
03
15
100 mg

2.7 Optimization of mucilage concentrations as dissolution and disintegration enhancing agent:

Composition for optimization of mucilage as a disintegrating agent for fast dissolving formulation is shown in
Table 3
Table 3: Optimization of mucilage concentration as dissolution and disintegration time enhancing agent
Ingredients
Telmisartan
MCC
Mucilage (%)
Magnesium stearate
Talc
Total wt
* All quantity in mg

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

05
74.66
2
6.5
8.5
100

05
72
4
3
5
100

05
69.33
6
3
5
100

05
66.66
8
3
5
100

05
64
10
3
5
100

2.8 Formulation of Mouth Dissolving Tablets for comparison of mucilage with SSG as super disintegrants:
Comparison of mucilage with SSG for its superdisnitegrant activity was performed as per formula given in
Table 4.
Table 4: Comparison of mucilage with SSG as a disintegrating agent
Ingredients
Telmisartan
MCC
SSG
Mucilage
Magnesium stearate
Talc
Total weight
* All quantities in mg

Bhise Sucheta D. et al

Sodium Starch Glycolate

Mucilage

05
76.8
10
2.4
4
100 mg

05
80.6
10
1.2
2
100 mg

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2.9 Evaluation of MDTs of Telmisartan: (13)

Prepared tablets were evaluated for certain physical properties like uniformity of weight, hardness, friability
and dissolution study.
2.9.1 Uniformity of weight
Every individual tablet in a batch should be in uniform weight and weight variation in within permissible
limits. The weights were determined to within 1 mg by using electronic balance. Weight control is based on a sample
of 20 tablets. Determinations were made in triplicate.
2.9.2 Hardness
The hardness of the tablets was determined by diametric compression using a Hardness testing apparatus
(Monsanto Type). A tablet hardness of about 4-5 kg is considered adequate for mechanical stability. Determinations
were made in triplicate. Determinations were made in triplicate.
2.9.3 Friability
The friability of the tablets was measured in a Roche friabilator (Camp-bell Electronics, Mumbai). Tablets of a
known weight (W0) or a sample of 20 tablets are dedusted in a drum for a fixed time and weighed (W) again.
Percentage friability was calculated from the loss in weight as given in equation as below. The weight loss should not
be more than 1 %.
% Friability: W0 W / W0 * 100
2.9.4 In-vitro disintegration test (14)
The test was carried out on 6 tablets using Tablet disintegration tester in distilled water at 37C 2C as a
disintegration media and the time in second taken for complete disintegration of the tablet with no palable mass
remaining in the apparatus was measured in seconds.
2.9.5 Wetting time (17)
The wetting time of the tablets can be measured using a simple procedure. Five circular tissue papers of 10 cm
diameter are placed in a petridish with a 10 cm diameter. Ten millimeters of water-containing Eosin, a water-soluble
dye, is added to petridish. A tablet is carefully placed on the surface of the tissue paper. The time required for water to
reach upper surface of the tablet is noted as a wetting time.
2.9.6 In-vitro dissolution profile of prepared MDTs of Telmisartan (15)
The release rate Telmisartan from fast dissolving tablets was determined using United State Pharmacopoeia
(USP) XXIV dissolution testing apparatus II (paddle method). The dissolution test was performed using 900 ml of
0.1N HCl 4) at 370C and 50 rpm. A sample (10 ml) of the solution was withdrawn from the dissolution apparatus at 2,
5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min. The samples were replaced with fresh dissolution medium of same quantity. The samples
were filtered through a 0.45 m membrane filter. Absorbance of these solutions was measured at 293 nm using a
Shimadzu UV- 1601 UV/Vis spectrophotometer.
Cumulative percentage of drug release was calculated using an equation obtained from a standard curve.
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Characterization of mucilage:
Chemical characterization of Plantago Ovata mucilage: (16, 18)
The presence of mucilage in extracted material was confirmed using Molisch's test and by treatment with
ruthenium red. Both tests were positive for the presence of mucilage.
Physiochemical characterization of Plantago Ovata mucilage:
The results of other investigations (percentage yield, particle size, pH of solution, loss on drying) are shown
below:
Percentage yield: 22%
pH: 6.2
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Particle size: 150- 200 m

Loss on drying
The weight loss on drying indicates the amount of moisture present in the material available to interact with
other material. For dried mucilage, the loss on drying was 18.25%.
Swelling ratio
The swelling ratio of mucilage, determined in distilled water, was 2.9. There was a significant change in
swelling by the end of the study, which indicated that the mucilage had excellent swelling properties.
Viscosity
The viscosity of the extracted dried mucilage was 9.12cps for 0.5 % solution. It can be concluded that mucilage
has a viscosity of such type that is suitable for fast dissolving drug delivery.
Table 5: Rheological data of dried mucilage Plantago ovata
Concentration Viscosity:
0.1%
1.45 cps
0.2 %

2.89 cps

0.3 %

5.47 cps

0.4 %

8.19 cps

0.5 %

9.89 cps

Flow property
The flow properties and compressibility of the dried mucilage, including bulk and tapped density, Carr's index,
the Hausners ratio, and the Angle of repose are shown in Table 6. It can be concluded that the dried mucilage has a
good flow properties which is suitable for a direct-compression formulation.
Table 6: Flow properties of dried mucilage
Bulk density (g/ml)

0.35

Tapped density (g/ml)

0.64

Carrs index (%)

40.44

Hausner ratio

1.56

Angle of repose (0)

37.91

Analysis of Telmisartan:
Melting Point Determination
Melting point of pure Telmisartan was found to be 248.5C which was obtained by using open capillary tube
method.
Solubility determination of Telmisartan
The solubility of Telmisartan in water at 37C was found to be 85.9g/ml,therefore Telmisartan can be
considered as practically insoluble drug as per IP.According to IP poorly soluble drugs are those that have solubility
less than 1 part per 10000 parts of water.
pH solubility profile
To find out influence of pH on the solubility, the pH dependent solubility studies were carried out using buffers
in the range of pH 1.2 to pH 7.4.The solubility data for Telmisartan at different pH values is given in the Table
7.Telmisartan has pH dependent solubility.
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Table 7: pH solubility profile of Telmisartan

Media

Solubility (g/ml)

pH 1.2

88.2

pH 4.6

84.9

pH 6.8

36.2

pH 7.4

28.6

Figure 1: FT-IR Spectra of Telmisartan

150

100

%T

50
30
4000

3000

2000

1000

400

Wavenumber[cm-1]

Spectroscopic Studies:
Construction of Calibration Curve of Telmisartan
Figure 2: Depicts the Calibration curve of Telmisartan in 0.1N HCl
0.6
y = 0.055x - 0.019
R = 0.9989

Absorbance

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
2

10

12

14

16

18

20

Concentration (g/ml)

Characterization of prepared tablet:

Optimization of Sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrating agent
In preliminary study, different batches were prepared as per the composition given in Table 1. Different other
evaluation parameters were also studied. Considering release profile, batches A1- A4 shows drug release with slight
variations. From all batches, it was found that Batch A2 gives desirable fast release action. Moreover, hardness,
disintegration time of tablet were found 40.2 kg/Cm2, 40 sec, it gives 68.35% release of drug with in 30 minute.
Therefore, the sodium starch glycolate concentration 10% was selected for further work.

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Table 8: Evaluation parameters of Telmisartan fast dissolving tablet

Batch
Code
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5

Hardness (n=3)
kg/cm2
4.181.2
4.340.8
4.071.1
5.021.12
4.491.04

DT time
(Sec)
45
40
44
47
51

Wetting time
(Sec)
52
49
47
50
45

%Friability
0.47
0.49
0.44
0.51
0.52

Weight
Variation
245 2.50
248 2.00
251 2.74
249 2.15
252 2.54

Figure 3: Comparison of dissolution profile of Sodium Starch Glycolate containing MDTs in 0.1 N HCl as
dissolution media

Preliminary trails batches to check the activity of mucilage as disintegrating agent:

In present investigation attempt was made to prepare Fast Dissolving tablet formulation of Telmisartan using
mucilage as a disintegrating agent in one batch and in another batch SSG batch tablets were prepared by direct
compression method. In preliminary study, different batches were prepared as per the composition given in Table 2.
From the obtained result, it was found that 10 % mucilage batch gives desirable fast release action compared to 10 %
SSG (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Comparative cumulative drug release profile for mucilage and SSG

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Optimization of mucilage concentration as a super disintegrating agent:

In preliminary study, different batches were prepared as per given in Table 3 and evaluated for in-vitro
dissolution study (Figure 5) and other evaluation parameters (Table 9). From all batches, it was found that Batch M5
(Table 9) gives desirable fast release action. Moreover, hardness, disintegration time of tablet were found 40.2
kg/cm2, 17 sec, it gives 79.90% release of drug with in 30 minute. Therefore, the mucilage concentration 10% was
selected for further work.
Table 9: Evaluation parameters for Telmisartan MDTs containing mucilage
Batch
Code

Hardness (n=3)
kg/cm2

DT time
(Sec)

M1

4.06 1.17

37

Wetting
time
(Sec)
40

0.43

Weight
Variation
(n=3)
249 2.48

M2

4.11 0.78

34

37

0.46

250 1.00

M3

4.02 0.49

31

35

0.45

251 1.64

M4

4.14 0.75

24

27

0.43

249 1.15

M5

4.00 0.20

17

19

0.47

250 1.45

%Friability
(n=3)

Figure 5: Dissolution profiles for mucilage containing MDTs in 0.1N HCl

Table 10: Comparison of evaluation parameters of Telmisartan MDTs optimized batches containing Mucilage
and SSG
Batch Code

Hardness (n=3)
kg/cm2

A2 SSG

4.340.8

DT
time
(Sec)
40

M5 Mucilage

4.00 0.20

17

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Wetting
time
(Sec)
49
19

0.47

Weight
Variation
(n=3)
248 2.00

0.39

2321.45

%Friability
(n=3)

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4. CONCLUSION
In the all above formulation mucilage was incorporated as a disintegrating agent to reduce the disintegration
time and sodium starch glycolate was incorporated to increase the solubility of mucilage. Based on result, it was
concluded that higher dissolution of tablet could be obtained when mucilage concentration is 10% and also the sodium
starch glycolate concentration was 10%. Promising batch (M5) exhibited better drug dissolution (79.9%) after 30 min
than the other tablets. The disintegration and mean dissolution time for batch M5 was 17 seconds and 5.27 seconds
respectively, is better than other tablet prepared from other synthetic disintegrating agent. From the obtain result, it was
found that mucilage batch gives desirable fast release action as compared to SSG. (16, 17, 18)
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