‘ALEXANDRIA UNIVERSITY = SANUARY 2077 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 4 | FINAL 1ST TERM 2ND YEAR oe DURATION 3 HOURS PART (1) 1- a) Discuss the continuity of F(z) at 2=1 where ty eed 2 yd 4 = i2 Fizye Oy? ay \ 2, an b) Show that u = x + sinhx cosy is a harmonic funetion, then find its conjugate function v hence find the analytic function F(z) = u tiv in terms of z c) For the transformation W= 1-2”. sketch the domain in W-plane corresponding to the domain interior the square whose sides are x = 0, y = 0, x = 1, y= 1in z-plane, 2. Evaluate the following integrais a) j RZ az c 2 b2ok b) f s —- Ox 0. #1)07 + 9) 22 sin 20 ca ~ 4 5+4cos0 3- a) Prove that avid f (0-09) fio) +x (0)S() b) Use Fourier Transform properties to find the Fourier Transform of the following functions Pait on 2 F(t) eet F(t)» [| e* cos3x dxPART (2) 2, 4- a)Solve the partial differential equation" S fr cover the domain 0 0 sugject to the conditions ou ™ =O atx=Qandatx= =, u(x,0)=4c0s3x - 2cos5x b) Find the Fourier series expansion in sines only of u=x+1 for0 60° is given by: UF costa + 2 yy a 3 v- Draw the relation between the average output voltage and the delay angle e be A three-phase full wave controlled rectifier is supplied trom 380 V, 50 Hz. star connected ac supply. For @ resistive load of 8 Q, calculate the delay angle such that the average output voltage equals half of the maximum possible average output voltage. Determine the average output current and power in this case. n 6 aA single-phase ac voltage controller has an input voltage of 240 V, it uses on-off control for heating a resistive load of R = 4Q. If the desired output power is 3.6 kW, determine the controller duty cycle K. b- Draw the circuit arrangement for a single-phase full-bridge inverter. If this inverter is fed from a 100 V de supply and the inverter frequency is 400 Hz, determine: i- The instantaneous output voltage expressed in Fourier seri ii- The rms values of the output voltage. iii- The rms values of the fundamental component of output voltage. iv- The voltage total harmonic distortion "THD" Good LuckALEXANDRIA UNIVERSITY June 2011 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING Time Allowed: 3 Hrs. MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT () SiS pact SECOND YEAR MECHANICAL DESIGN 1- ME243 ‘Answer the following questions: Full Mark = 90 Poi Question One: (10 Points) i. The hub of a coupling may be fastened to a 25-mm- diameter shaft either by a 6x6x25 mm square key [Fig. (a)] or by a 10-mm- diameter pin {Fig. (b)]. Determine the torque that each connection can transmit if the average shear stress in the key or pin is not to exceed 70 MPa. li, Two shafts are connected end-to-end by means of a coupling in which there are 4 bolts on a pitch circle diameter of 150 mm. One shaft is solid, 40 mm diameter, and the other hollow. 50 mm extemal diameter. The shafts and bolts are made of the same material. Determine the internal diameter of the hollow shaft and the bolt diameter so that the shafts and the bolts are ‘equally strong in shear. Question Two: (15 Points) i, A 50-mm-diameter axle made of 0.4%C HR steel is subjected to @ steady bending moment of 1000 J. a Find the permissible steady torque that can be ‘superposed on the bending moment if the factor of safety is to be 3.0 by the distortion energy theory. ji, The link shown at (a) is subjected to a repeated axial foad equal to F. It is necessary to replace the link by one having a 11-mm hole as shown at (b). Determine the thickness t and the fillet radius so that the maximum stress will not exceed that in (a) Question Three: (25 Points, i. Two steels are being considered for manufacture of as-forged links. One is heat-treated Cr-Mo-Ni stee! FI ~afo having S, = 1820 MPa. The other is a plain 0.45%C ae Flaite steel having S, = 791 MPa, If each link is to have a 1 size giving an equivalent diameter day of 20 mm. is boon there any advantage of using the alloy steel for fatigue applications? li, Asstee! machine member has the following properties: S, = 560 MPa. S, = 270 MPa, S.= 200 MPa, Determine the expected life of the member if itis subjected to: o., = 120 MPa, 0. MPa, Oy = 60 MPa, Oy, = 30 MPA, Comm = 120 MPA, Ga = 30 MPaSat) ; a5 an Ay iSuN) dala alll ales 54Laii Anidigdl Auls Cele: Sal Pha sgl s Wilsall aud sl ual Sena Ce Gn ae pagal) ol MIEN) 9 Mal) LES Sa EI J + Lagtnantl ila yids Legis JS pc 5 Si) GS agin 1 ay aaa lly GUY) ae Ga | ay fg Squall Ne = Bale 69 YF aay ditle days AG LGR gg | YS Gavel! Glue Gh abl lay f LD E 1g) Lag. Gaal ots ay awolly Gdns, shall pISiN Julie G8 LiL! glSil) ella G2 61.0 waaay sla Yly Lagtinle 5 Lage JS gai plate reds Sigua) YN 5 SIAN & guda gal ial ja 9 gata od = BYSIM B Cle pleat! bal ud = SSIAM gd le gla g 7 + Obpeail) gaat 3 peaked) Ob a) aneally Alla cena g «God SGN 93 Casts a geal at Fist yal wsAlexandria University Faculty of Fngineering | | PTT Mechanical Engineering Dept il CHNICAL WRITING FINAL SEMESTER EXAM Agi sh SECOND YEAR Fall Semester of 2010 — 2011 Time: 9 to LI Answer EXAM questions in the Attached Answer Sheet inside your Examination Notebook Question #1(10 Mar! Select the right answer for each of the following sentences: 1 ~The major difference between a presentation graph and a working graph lie in ‘athe graph size b—the spacing of the grid lines c= botha& b 2.- The most widely circulated part of a report is : a~ Abstract b- Title = Introduction ‘The value of the variate which occurs with the greatest frequency is Known as athe median b the mode c~ the mean 4—A measure of the spread or dispersion of the variate about (he mean of (he distribution is known as: al the standard deviation b= the median ¢~ the mean deviation 5 — The section of experimental procedure of a technical report : a ~ is usually written in the past tense b— should be as brief as possible e-botha& b 6 ~The report summary should be written : a—at the end of the report b— before the report has been completed after the report has been completed 7 Two sentences may be linked together by means of : a—asemi b =a comm: e~botha&b sa general rule : ‘a tcnse should not be changed within a paragraph b— tense could be changed within @ paragraph both a & b 9— The major difference between outlines for reports and those for papers lies in a= style manual provided by the journal b— the sequencing of topics according to their importance document size 10 -A document submitted to some technical society for printing in a journal is : a~ananticle b- report ¢= paper volonAlexandria University * By jsisa da Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engin Second Year Mechanical Eng. ‘ Final Fxam. Fl ag as Kaa) Lasaigt aalt (Sea Kh june2011) (Te) 5sl90) al aay) jectrical Power & Power Fleetronies esl iy Fly ang ing Dept. Total Time Allowed: 3 brs. fete 3s dh ae Part 1: Electrical Power Question 1: ain the following terms, 2 Z0Nes ~ Transducers. ~ Over current relay ~ Circuit Breake Write down the connection types of three-phase transformers, and draw connection of one typ Write brie on the different types of a distribution transformers and the components of simple distribution transformer Write brief notes of metallic sheathing cables: nd armouring in power Write short notes on cable specification and selection Write down the fiction of system protection Why the insulators are used in underground cables? A three phase S0Fz transmission line 150 Km long has a series resistance of 0.074Q/ km, a series inductance of 1.2 m H/km, and the shunt capacitance of 9.577 n F/km. Find the equivalent cirewit element (A, B,C, D). Use the aominal x method. If the receiving end is connected to a 6.SMW, 100KV and 0.85 lagging power factor load, find the sending end voltage, current, power and power factor. ingle core cable is preferred when... tlexibitity is required a) more by less e) equal Cireuit breaker is an equipment which can... a circuit under normal as will as fault conditions. a) open or close b) open ©) closeo o 10- Bus-bars are copper or aluminum bars and operate at. a) variable voltage b) constant voltage c) constant current A fuse is designed to blow within a specified .......for a given value of fault current. a) current ») Voltage ©) time Conductors can be made solid or stranded depending on the required a) power rating b) flexibility ©) both Isokator is a knife swi a) loud 4) no load c) energized Aluminum is . a) more Db} less ch and is designed to open a circuit under ductile than copper equal to Protection system is used 10 ............the faulty section from the system automatically a) detect b) isolate ¢) both Remote back ~ up is located ..... boundary of the _ protection zone 2) outside b) inside c}around Transducers is used to reduce abnormal .......levels for the protection system relays a) current b) voltage ©) both,Question #2 (_15_ Marks. Mark (v) in front of correct statement and (X ) in front of wrong statement : 1 Markers are usually placed outside the data region and identifies some feature of the data within the data region. 2. Seale lines form the horizontal and vertical borders of the data region. 3— Complementary means completing or making up what is lacking, Complimentary remarks ate praise, 4—Key isa brief notes, usually outside the data region, with arrows pointing to specific locations 5 ~The report summary should be written after the report has been completed, rhe section of experimental procedure of a technical report is usually written in the present tense and should be as brief as possible, 7 ~The mean deviation is a measure of the spread or dispersion of the variate about the mean of the distribution 8— The median is the value of the variate which occurs with the greatest frequency. 9 — During presentation, the majority (70%) of your perceived ability comes from how you communicate & not from what you know (30%). 10 Presentation can be defined as a mind to mind communication. 11 -Presentation can be only one type of the following: informing, convincing, entertainment or motivation 12~ The level of details in the presentation can only be determined by audience types. 13 — For stides or overheads, do not use more than 7 words on 7 lines. 14— The main attributes required for a person voice delivering a presentation are volume, clarity and variety. 15 — During presentation rehearsal, we generally can retain 95% of what we TEACH / PRESENT to others. Question # 3 (10 Marks ‘A) The following readings are taken of a certain physical length. Compute the mean reading, variance, standard deviation, and the range. { aeB) The so-called dimensionless Moody pipe-friction factor (1) is calculated in experiments from the following formula involving pipe diameter D, pressure drop AP, density p, volume flow rate Q and pipe length L (DAP 8 3p It is required to : 1) Derive the following formula for the uncertainty of the friction factor ie ODe 6 oar Ue ae ee pS AP C 2) Calculate the uncertainty of the friction factor (f) if the measureme! op PAP oy OP yo, Wy guy 2b certainties are “" = 0.5% 2 1%, SEa3.5% , D AP e Q iD GOOD LUCK Examiner : Prof. Dr. Mohsen M. Osman,Alexandria University + Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Eng, Department &y June, 2019 an a ~ Fluid Mechani 2™ Year Mechanical Eng. ‘Time allowed: 3 hrs Answer all the Following Questions: #Question: 1 a. Prove that the continuity cquation for an incompressible flow, in cylindrical dye at ut pene coordinates, is Ve iV. V0 az b. Explain very briefly why the cenireline velocity in the entrance region inerenses in the flow direction tube, explain how you can measure the flow rate in a laminar ¢. Using 5 Pitot -stat low in a pipe, taking one reading only. Hin the Spaces The region of flow near where the fluid enters the pipe is termed the - As the fluid moves through the pipe, viscous effects cause it to stick to the pipe wail « phenomenon known as -~- ~ are of considerable importance within the boundary layer. shape of the fluid clement, described by the and The cha - of the element. of a fluid elera - For linear deformation, the s, remains ~ ge in length of the angles at its vertic sides may produce change in ent as it ent of the ~ - Vorticity ¢ is a measurem moves in the flow field + The stream funetion P(x.y? incompressible For an irroiational flow, the velocity components can be expressed in terns es the two-dimensional form of the of a scalar function named the iss ges Ie ciaay dit#Question 2: ‘A pipe line of 1000 m length connects two tanks. The difference in water level between the two tanks is 100 mt, In order to increase the capacity by 20% a pipe ine of the same diameter and friction coefficient is connected in parallel with the main pipe (loop). is Calculate the length of the parallel line/ loop, ii Draw the total energy line before connecting the parallel line, neglecting all On the same graph draw the total energy line in the second case secondary losses, #Question: 3 [A liquid drains from a large tank through a small opening as is illustrated in the Pig, [1]. A vortex forms whose velocity distribution away from the opening can he £4 free vortex having a velocity potential approximaced as th strength of the vortex as Determine an expression relating the surface shape to th specified by the circulation!#Question: 4 “pe A wooden cylinder 0.5 s.g. has a length " L" and diametel der to float in water i- Find the minimum ratio for D/L for the cyl vertically. ii- Suggest two methods for the cylinder to float vertically not be achieved. this ratio can Three gates of negligible weight are used to bold back water in a channel of as shown in Figure. 1. Draw the pressure distribution for each gate, 2. Calea inst the block supporting the gate in each ¢: jate the tot tion To determine the drag force per unit length due to wind effect on a long structural component of a bridge has cross section shown in Fig. [4]. D=0.1 m, H=0.3 m at wind velocity 50 km/hr., a small-scale model that is to be tested in a water tunnel. For D,,=20 mm and water temperature is 20°C Determine the model dimension H,, , and the velocity of water at which the test should be performed to have complete similarity, If the diag force per unit length for the model is found to be 50 N, what is the corresponding drag force for the prototype? Assuming that the drag force per unit length is a function of the dimensions D, H, fluid velocity V, fluid density p and viscosity pt For air condition, 1=1.79X10° kg/m.s, p=1.23 kg/m’ and for water at 00X10" ky/m.s, p=998 kg/m’ ) 4] VHTAlexandria University Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Eng. Department June, 2011 Fluid Mechanices 2" Year Mechani Time allowed: 3 hes Hag. Answer all the Follow #Question: 1 (23 Marks ) Two reservoirs are connected bya pipeline which is 150. mm diameter for the first 13m and 2 are sharp and the change of section is sudden, K:~ 0.6. The water surface in the Upper reservoir is 6 m above that in the lower one. Each pipe contains a bend (¢ — 08). take f 0.03 for the 150 mm pipe and f 0.02 for the 225 mm pipe mm diameter for the remaining 6 m, The entrance and exit Calculate the discharge taking all minor losses into consideration. (5 Marks) ii, In order to increase the discharge what would you prefer? to replace the first pipe with the larger pipe diameter (235 mm, 0.02), or to add a parallel pipe of 150 mm diameter (£0.03) to the first section hy. In this case neglect all secondary Losses. (5 mle (12 Marks) ii, Sketch on the same drawing the hydraulic gradient for the three cases if the secondary losses are neglected, (6 Marks) ks) #Question: 2 (23 Ma j- Examine each of the following Velocity fields, describing the change in shape of ‘an element as it changes position with time, i.e. solid body translation, rotation, linear deformation or angular deformation, a Ve-xit2yj beV=2yit Ini For the irrotational flow ficld case, derive the stream function and the velocity potential function of that How field. (8 marks} ji- Determine the stream function of the combined flow fields A Source located in the origin (x70, y=0) of strength m=10 m2's. ‘A rectilinear! uniform flow from lefi to right of velocity U=4 m/s cal ee eas! dag get 12 81. Locate any stagnation points and hence find the body contour formed en the negative side of the x-axis. 2. Draw to seale the contour formed by the source and the rectilinear {ow For that open body contour derive the pressure at any point on the body (the pressure distribution along that body), if the pressure far upstream in the uniform flow is P,, and draw schematically how this uniform flow around a sold halt body could be changed to a uniform flow around a circular cylinder. (15 Mars) inuity equation ian Coordinate eu), Latrhy) r 80 " y For Souree Flow, Mg being Ww#Question: 3. (15 Marks ) \ float spherical Moat is 15 em diameter. \OB is a weightless link carrying the Moat at ore da valve at the h which oi! Hows into the container. The link is mounted in a frictionless hinge at "O" and angle AOB is 135". The length of "OA" is 20 cm. And the distance between the centre of the Hoat and the hinge is 50m, When th Ive is used to control the flow of oil ( sp.gr. 0.8 ) into a container. The other end which closes the pipe throu end, flow fs stopped. "AO" will be vertical, The valve is to be pressed by a force of "P" 10. N for completely oil flow stoppin Determine the weight of the Moat 1» the container #Question: 4 (15 Marks ) A closed juice mixer 15 em diameter and 30 em high, having two clamps to fix the cover to the mixer body during mixing, Two thirds filled with strawber y juic sp.gr. 1.3 is rotated about its vertical axis. Determine speed of rotation and the force'clamp in the following cases: 1. The juice is just touching the cover the mixer base is just being uncovered.#Question: 5 ( 16 Marks ) a Find a formula for the drag force, Fp, to a fully submerged body. varies with body fength "L", diameter "D", fluid density "p", Nid viscosity " "V", body surface roughness "s", gravitational acceleration showing the conditions for complete similarity. b- In order to estimate sea water resistance to a human powered submarine a 1/10 seale model was constructed and tested in a wind tunnel 1. What air speed do you need to run the wind tunnel in order to achieve complete similarity if the full scale submarine traveling through sea w. ter at 0.56 nvs. What is the estimated drag force to the full seale submarine if the measued value on the model is SOON iiven the - moving velocity 2". w For sea water : sp.gr= 1.03 & w= 1307 E-3 Pas For air 2 sp.gr. > L184 E-3 & w= 185 E-5 Pas eeeeeee Wid tungel test section Model GOOD LUCK