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V 1996.3 p.63-66
Fig.l. Correlation between the hardness after tempering and the hardness
after quenching, when hardening and tempering constructional steels
Iaccording to DIN 17200).
INTRODUCTION
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for both Jominy curves at the Ecrjt location. There are three
possibilities in this comparison:
(a) The value of S required is lower, even than the S value
calculated for the lower curve of the hardenability band
(S|oWer)- In this case, all heats of this steel will satisfy the
requirement. The steel actually has higher hardenability
than required.
(b) The value of S required is higher, even than the S value
calculated for the upper curve of the hardenability band
(SUpper)- In this case, none of the heats of this steel can
satisfy the requirement. This steel must not be selected
because its hardenability is too low for the case in
question.
(c) The value of required degree of hardening (S) is somewhere between the values for degree of hardening
achievable with the upper curve (Suppgr) and with the lower
curve (S|0wer) of the hardenability band. In this case, the
position of the S required, designated as X, is calculated
according to the formula:
X=
~-s'9r
% Martensite
50-60
Degree of hardening, S
0.72-0.78
60-70
70-80
0.78-0.83
0.83-0.89
80-85
85-90
0.89-0.92
0.92-0.94
90-95
95-97
97-100
0.94-0.97
0.97-0.98
0.98-1.00
(7)
upper lower
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CONCLUSIONS
Rm=0.426H2+586.5
[N/mm2] (9)
where H is the corresponding hardness value in HRC. Knowing
the tensile strength (Rm), other mechanical properties are
calculated according to the following formulae3: Yield strength:
Rp02=(0.8+0.1S)Rm+170S-200
[N/mm2]
Elongation:
A5=0.46-(0.0004-0.00012S)Rm
[%]
Contraction:
Z=0.96-(0.00062-0.00029S)Rm
[%]
Bending fatigue strength: Rd=(0.25+0.45Z)Rm
[N/mm2]
Impact energy: KU=[460-(0.59-0.29S)Rm]x0.7
[J]
For every steel grade (and relevant zone of the hardenability
REFERENCES
1. Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, Vol. J., 493. American Society for
Metals, 1978.
AUTHORS' ADDRESS
Dr. Tomislaw Filetin Is Assistant Professor and Dr. Bozidar
Liscic Professor with the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, I. Lucica 1, 10000
Zagreb, Croatia. Josip Galinec is a graduate of the same
faculty.
3
Fig. 7. Display of calculated mechanical properties6.
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