Chemistry Lab #9

Types Of Chemical Reactions.

Michaela Peer
04-11-14
Block 3

Introduction
In this lab you will see four different types of reactions. Synthesis,
decomposition, single replacement, and double replacement. SynthesisA+X AX. Decomposition- AX A+X which is the opposite of synthesis.
Single replacement- A+BX B+AX. And double replacement- AX+BY
AY+BX.
The purpose of this lab was to classify and observe each type

of reaction. I think the reactions will all have color changes.

Materials Procedure1:
Ring Stand
Flaming splint
Water
Lighter
Bunsen burner
Test tube
Test tube rack
Watch glass
Sandpaper
Copper foil
Zinc
Sulfur
Forceps
Sulfur powder
Buret clampred sulfur vapor
Calcium oxide
litmus paper

Materials Procedure 2:
Ring Stand
Flaming splint
Water
Lighter
Bunsen burner
Test tube
Test tube rack
Watch glass
Forceps

 litmus paper
Mercury II Oxide
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Copper II Sukfate pentahydrate

Materials Procedure 3:
Ring Stand
Flaming splint
Water
Lighter
Bunsen burner
Test tube
Test tube rack
Watch glass
Sandpaper
Copper foil
Forceps
Zinc
Hydrochloric Acid
Copper II Sulfate
Copper foil
Silver Nitrate
Litmus paper

Materials Procedure1:
Ring Stand
Flaming splint
Water
Lighter
Bunsen burner
Test tube
Test tube rack

 Watch glass
Sandpaper
Copper foil
Forceps
Silver Nitrate
Sodium Hydroxide
Hydrochloric Acid
Potassium Iodide
Lead II Nitrate
litmus paper

Procedure 1
A. Observe the reaction of zinc and sulfur.
B. Sand a piece of copper foil. Using forceps, hold one end of foil in the
hottest part of flame for 1-2 minutes. Let cool, then observe.
C. Sand another piece of copper foil that is larger than the first peice.
Place a thumbs width of sulfur powder in a test tube holding the tube
with clamps, heat the sulfur at an angle until boiling, then add copper
foil into the red sulfur vapor.
D. Put a small portion of calcium oxide in a watch glass and add 10ml of
tap water. Using the wooden splint, stir the mixture. Using the red and
blue litmus paper, observe the reaction.

Procedure 2
A. Place a sample of mercury (II) oxide into a test tube. Heat the tube at
an angle with a buret clamp. Place a burning splint into the mouth if
the tube after a few seconds. Observe.
B. Heat the test tube of sodium hydrogen carbonate as above, but hold

the tube in a horizontal position. Place a burning splint into the mouth
of the tube. Observe.
C. Heat the test tube with copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a similar
fashion and note any deposit formed around the tube and the
appearance of the solid. When the tube has cooled slightly, tip the
tube upright again and note the chance. Observe.

Procedure 3
A. Drop a clean piece of zinc metal into the test tube. Place a thumbs
width of hydrochloric acid into the tube. After a minute, bring a
burning splint above the opening. Note the appearance of a solid.
B. Add 2 ml of copper sulfate solution to 2 ml of ammonium hydroxide
solution in a watch glass.
C. Add 2 ml of sodium hydroxide solution to 2 ml of hydrochloric acid
solution in a watch glass. Test with litmus before and after.
D. Add 2ml of sodium carbonate solution to 2 ml of hydrochloric acid
solution in a watch glass and test immediately placing a flaming splint
above.

Procedure 4
A. Add 2ml of silver nitrate solution to 2 ml of sodium chloride solution in
a watch glass.
B. Add 2 ml of copper sulfate solution to 2ml of ammonium hydroxide
solution in a watch glass.
C. Add 2ml of sodium hydroxide solution to exactly 2ml of hydrochloric
acid solution in a watch glass. Test with litmus paper.
D. Add 2 ml of sodium carbonate solution of 2 ml of hydrochloric acid
solution in a watch glass and test immediately with flaming splint.
E. Add 2 ml of potassium iodide solution to 2 ml of lead (II) nitrate
solution in a watch glass.

Results/Observations
Part 1
A. I seen light, heat and smoke.
B. When there was heat it turned bright orange, when there was not
heat it turned black.
C. Tube turned red and yellow then turned black.
D. Base because it turned the litmus paper blue.
PART 1 DATA TABLE
Zinc+Sulfur Zinc Sulfide

Zn+S ZnS

Copper+Oxygen Copper Oxide

2Cu+O 2CuO

Copper+Sulfur Copper Sulfide

Cu+S CuS

Calcium Oxide+Water

ClO+H2O Ca(OH)2 +O2

Part 2
A. Color change. Blackish color. Oxygen left then once heat left, oxygen
came back crating synthesis and turned black.
B. Put flame out and turned brownish. Flame went out.
C. Turned brownish and released water which traveled up the test tube.
PART 2 DATA TABLE
Mercury(II) Oxide

2HgO2Hg+O2

Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

2NaHCO32CO2+H2O+NaCO3

Copper (II) Sulfate Pentahydrate-->

CuSO4+5H2O-->

Part 3

A. Flaming splint made the zinc in the test tube pop.

B. Color change-black. Bubbles formed on the bottom breaking the
solution.
C. Color change-turned chalky grayish color.
D. When we put the flaming splint over the test tube it made the flame
pink which made a popping sound.
PART A DATA TABLE
Zinc + Hydrochloric Acid

Zn+HCl ZnCl+H2

Zinc + Copper (II) Sulfate

Zn+CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4+Cu

Copper+Silver Nitrate

Cu+AgNO3 CuNO

Calcium + Water

Li+H20 LiO+H2

Part 4
A. Color change- chalky. Solid was formed when silver nitrate was
added.
B. Color change-purple.
C. NaOH stayed the same, while hydrogen chloric acid turned blue.
D. CO2 was the reason the fire was put out in the test tube. Turned
yellowish.
E. PbNO3 sits at the top of KI and color change occurred.
PART A DATA TABLE
Silver Nitrate+Sodium Chloride

AgNO3+NaCl AgCl+NaO3

Aluminum Chloride + Ammonium

Hydroxide

AlCl+NH4OH NH4Cl+AlOH

Sodium Hydroxide+Hydrochloric Acid

NaOH+HCl-->NaCl+H2O

Sodium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid

Na2CO3+HCl+CO2+H2O

Sodium Iodide + Lead (II) Nitrate

KI+PbNO3+PbI

Analysis
1. A+X AX elemental reactants get put together to form a compound.
2. Ax A+X The compound reactant breaks apart into two products.
3. A+Bx Bx A single element takes place of another element in a
compound.
4. The two elements switch places to form a new element.
5. Ax+Bx Ax+Bx The insoluble product formed is precipitate.
6. Water + carbon dioxide The products of combustion reactions
involving hydrocarbons are water and carbon dioxide.
7. C12H22O11 6CO2+11H2O is the chemical equation for sugar.

Conclusion
During this lab, I Learned how the four different types of reactions react with
different substances. The main purpose of this lab was to help understand how to
recognize the different types of reactions. We learned that when you have an equal
amount of acid with an equal amount of base, the substances will neutralize each other
out. I thought each lab was just going to have a color change but there was a lot more
reactions and not all changed color.