í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 30 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

K. Krishnaiah, Rajampeta. N.V.Krishna Rao, Hyderabad. A. A phrase is a group

Q. ᙫ §Ú¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤?
How do you planning to go.
How do you thinking to go.
È®çúø÷ éπÈ®-ÍédØ√?
A. È®çúÕç-öÀ-™  àD correct é¬ü¿’.
How do you planning...? Ñ O’
sentence ™, verb ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆? O’®Ω’ How are you
planning to go? ÅØ√L, ™‰ü∆ How do you plan to
go? ÅØ√L. Do... planning, ¢Ë’ç ûÁL-°œ† Ç®Ω’
forms of verbs ™ ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆: Ç six forms of verbs
ÉN:
1) Be forms (am, is, are, was, were, 'be', 'been' Q. ؈’ Ü®Ω’ ¢Á∞¡-û√†’ Í®°æ¤.
*´®Ω ´îËaN.)
2) Be forms + .. ing form (am going, has been
singing, etc)
3) Be form + past participle (Passive voice) (am
seen, was done, should be taken, etc.)
4) Have, has, had, shall have, should have ...
etc + past participle (Have seen, has gone,
should have known, etc.)
5) Doing words: 1) Ist regular doing words (go,
come, sing, walk, etc.)
2) IInd Regular doing
of words without a
Q.
éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ îÁ°æpçúÕ.
verb. eg: In case of
doubt; on the occa-
؈’ E†o Ü®Ω’ ¢Á∞«x†’.
A. I was out of town yesterday. (à Ü®Ω’ ¢ÁRxçD sion of his mar-
îÁ°æp-†-°æ¤púø’) riage, etc.
à ÜÈ®jØ√ ¢ÁRx AJT ´*a† ûª®√yûª, Ç Ü®Ω’ An idiom is also a
(Hyerabad ņ’-èπ◊çü∆ç) ¢Á∞«x†’ / ¢ÁRx-´-î √a†’ group of words, but
in the case of an idiom, the meaning of the
ÅE îÁ°æpúøç. continuous tense ™ ¢√úø-éπ-§Ú-´úøç ¢√úø’-éπ-®·-
idiom as a whole has no connection with that
I had been to Hyderabad (yesterday). †ç-ü¿’-´©x -Å-C ¶µ«≠æ üµ¿®Ωt-¢Á’içC.
of any word in the idiom.
Q. ؈’ Ü®Ω’ ¢Á∞«x†’. Q. Deal in ÅØË °æü∆Eo '¢√u§ƒ®Ωç îËߪ’úøç— ÅØË
eg: The long and short of. This is an idiom. Å®Ωnç™, Deal with ÅØË °æü∆Eo 'E®Ωy-£œ«ç— ÅØË
A. I went to (ÜJ Ê°®Ω’)
The expression means the most important
Å®Ωnç™ áçü¿’èπ◊ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L?
facts about a situation (without all the A. Deal ûª®√yûª ´îËa preposition †’ •öÀd Å®Ωnç
A. I am leaving for/ going to/ I will leave for/ will
details)/ the summary of a writing/ a speech. ´÷®Ωúøç èπÿú≈ usage N≠æ-ߪ’¢Ë’ éπü∆.
go to (ÜJ Ê°®Ω’) – ÜJ-Ê°®Ω’ îÁ°æp-†-°æ¤púø’ – I will
The long and short of his speech is that he is É™«çöÀ expressions †’, deal in, deal with
be out of town/ I won't be in town tomorrow.
correct and that the others are wrong = The phrasal verbs Åçö«ç. ûÁ©’-í∫’™ äéπ-J-O’ü¿ éÓ°æç
Q.
summary of his speech is he is right and
؈’ Ü®Ω’ ¢Á∞¡x-í∫-©Ø√? ´*aç-ü¿çö«ç éπü∆? Ééπ\úø äéπ-J-O’ü¿ ÅØË áçü¿’-éπ-
A. Can I go? others are wrong. So you see that the words Ø√L? äéπ-JûÓ éÓ°æç ´*aç-ü¿E áçü¿’-éπ-†-èπÿ-úøü¿÷?
Q. ؈’ Ü®Ω’ ¢ÁRx ®√í∫-©Ø√? 'long' and 'short' have no connection with the Åçõ‰ àç Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç îÁ•’û√ç? Ç ¶µ«≠æ B®Ω’ ÅçûË
A. Can I go to ... and return? most important details/ sum- ÅE îÁ°æ¤p-éÓ-¢√-LqçüË. English ™†÷ ÅçûË.
mary. Such an expression is
Q. °æ†’© ´AhúÕ ´©x ؈’ Ü®Ω’ M. Ravichandra Reddy, Hyderabad
(Åéπ\-úøèπ◊) ¢Á∞¡x-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷†’. -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
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an idiom.
Q.
éÀçC °æü∆-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ó ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ.

You don't measur e upto that

®Ó©’, ®Óéπ-L-•çúø, §Òvûªç,
words (goes, comes, °æîªaúÕ, °æ°æ¤p-í∫’Ah, ®Ω’•súøç
sings, walks, etc) and A. ®Ó©’ = Mortor- Å®·ûË
3) went, gave, sang ÉC ´’†ç ¢√-úË ®Ó©çûª
etc.,.) and °ü¿lC é¬ü¿’.
6) Shall/ should/ will/ would/ can/ could etc + Ist A. Because of pressure of work I G. Shankar, ®Óéπ -L -• çúø = Pestle (Â°Æˇ ™¸)
RDW (shall take, will give, can take, should couldn't / I am unable to leave town/ Shankarapatnam. §Òvûªç = Grinder, °æîªaúÕ = Chutney
give, etc). 6 forms
Ñ ™ àüÓ äéπöÀ ™‰èπ◊çú≈ go to (ÜJ Ê°®Ω’) Q. O’®Ω’ äéπ-îÓô The student admit- °æ°æ¤p-í∫’Ah = Pestle, ®Ω’•súøç = Grind
sentence sentence How do you ted to having taken drugs ÅE Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ņ’-´-Cç-îªçúÕ.
Q. ÇJnéπ É•sç-ü¿’© ´©x ؈’ éπ©-¢√-Lq†
Öçúøü¿’. O’
planning to go? group of words
Ñ ™, °j† ûÁL- ®√-¨»®Ω’. Éçü¿’™ having ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çC,
´uéÀhE éπ©-´-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷†’. ؈’ ´÷ Å´’tèπ◊ °æîªaúÕ ü¿çîª-úøç™ Ææ£æ…-ߪ’-
°œ†6 forms ™ àD ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆? Åçü¿’-éπE O’®Ω’ taken Åü¿†ç éπü∆. ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-
sentence How do you plan/ How A. Money problems kept me from °æ-úø-û√†’.
®√ÆœçC é¬ü¿’. M.SURESAN ©®Ω’. û√í∫-ú≈-EéÀ, A†-ú≈-EéÀ having A. I help mother in making/ grinding chutney.
are you planning? How do you
Öçú≈L. Å™«Íí meeting the person I had to meet / I
¢√úøû√ç éπü∆ Å™«Íí Ñ ¢√éπuç™ Q. ؈’ ´çô© ®Ω’*E Éõ‰d °æÆœ-í∫-ôd-í∫-©†’.
thinking to go? verb How couldn't meet the person I had to meet,
Éçü¿’™ èπÿú≈, ™‰ü¿’. having î√©’ éπü∆.
do you think of going? because of money problems. A. I can easily sense the flavour of cooking
ÅØ√L. A. Admitted to having drugs = Drugs éπLT Ö†oô’x
G. Viajayakumar, Anantapur. S.Ramulu, Hyderabad.
ä°æ¤p-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’. Admitted to having taken drugs = Q. ´çô™ àN’ ûªèπ◊\-¢ÁjçüÓ Ææ’©-¶µºçí¬ ví∫£œ«ç-îª-í∫-©†’.
A. I can easily grasp what is wrong in the cook-
Drugs BÆæ’-èπ◊-†oô’x (°æ¤îª’a-èπ◊-†oô’x) ä°æ¤p-èπ◊-†oô’x.
Q. Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ᙫ îÁ§ƒpL? ing of an item.
Having taken ™ having, helping verb éπü∆
éÀçC ¢√é¬u©’ éπÈ®-ÍédØ√ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
The box is very heavy for me to lift Q. ®Ó©’, ®Ω’•’s-®Ó©’ äéπ-õ‰Ø√? ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ °æü∆-
. ''Fèπ◊ Åçûª Æ‘Ø˛ ™‰ü¿’.—— having done, having seen ™-™«, have °æ¤îª’a-éÓ-
A. The box is too heavy for me to lift ņúøç ´úøç Å-ØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√ú≈-©çõ‰ The student admit- ©’-Ø√oߪ÷?
''؈’ Fèπ◊ †î√aØ√?—— A. 'Mortor' is the only word, nearest in meaning
Very heavy for me to lift
éπÈ®é˙d. ņç. Very ted to having had drugs Åçö«ç.
A. You don't measure up to that. to all of them.
heavy and I can't lift it
Q. äéπ úÕéπ{-†-K™ I am having a one rupee note
ņ-´îª’a.
Do you like me?
Q. The film is too good. ÅE ÖçC. Having †’ (possession) ™ ¢√úø-èπÿ- Q. ví¬´’ç™ Åçü¿-J-éà -éπ-L°œ äéπ °ü¿l ®Ó©’ Öçô’çC,
A. DEéÀ N´-®Ωçí¬ ÉçÍé-ü¿Ø√o îËJÊÆh correct í¬ úøü¿’ éπü∆. I have a one rupee note ûª§ƒp? ü∆E- Í é - ¢ Á ’ i Ø √ Ê°®Ω’çü∆?
P.Siva Rao, Yellandu. A.The village mortor ÅØÌa.
Öçô’çC. The film is good èπÿú≈ correct, Having à Ææçü¿-®√s¥™ x ¢√ú≈™ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ.
Q. Kindly explain the difference between bath
A. I am having a one rupee note ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’, I have A.Sudhakar, Peddamallareddy
Å®·ûË Å™« ņo Ææçü¿®Ωs¥ç ûÁL-ߪ÷L.
The film is too good; I don't want to miss it. and bathe
a one rupee note ņ-úø¢Ë’ correct. (Nizamabad)
The film Can I say... I am bathing. Please wait.
Q. 'In order of' à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ¢√úø-û√®Ó N´-Jç-îªçúÕ. Q. Why choose I (we) shall and you, (he, she,it)
(؈’ ´ü¿’-©’-éÓ-™‰-†çûª ¶«í∫’çü∆ ÆœE´÷)/
is too good for me to miss A. Both has two meanings in British English -
will for the future tense?
؈’ ´ü¿’-©’-éÓ-™‰-†çûª
A. In the order of: Ç ´®ΩÆæ véπ´’ç™
¶«í∫’ç-ü¿E Åçö«ç. 1) As a noun, and
a) In the order of numbers = Ææçêu© ´®Ω’Ææ A. Shall and will are natural aspects of the
Q. It was too hot yesterday. 2) As a verb. English language. Can we explain why
A. Correct. I have a bath every morning = I bath every
véπ´’ç™ Students are sitting in the order of
´’†ç à°æF îËߪ’-™‰-†çûª áçúøí¬ ÖçC
their roll nos. = Nü∆u-®Ω’n©’ ¢√J roll number
¢Á∞¡û√ç is used with ¢Ë’´·, and, ¢Á∞¡-û√†’ is
ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ. Too á°æ¤púø÷ é¬Ææh negative sense morning. I am bathing is correct. used with ؈’? They are just parts of the lan-
guage.
véπ´’ç™ èπÿ®Ω’aE ÖØ√o®Ω’.
ÉÆæ’hçC. I bath every morning (British English)
Q. He is bad dressed. b) The officers were seated in the order of
I bathe every morning (American English) Present simple (go, come, see, sees, goes,
their importance =
A. He is badly dressed correct. etc) is used sometimes to denote immediate
Ç ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’©’ ûª´’
ņúøç In any case I have a bath/ I take a bath is
Q. He married lately in life. more common than I bath / I bathe.
v§ƒ´·êuç véπ´’ç™ ÇÆ‘-†’-©-ߪ÷u®Ω’. future, especially when we are definite about
Q. Let's sum up Åçõ‰ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ Å®Ωnç ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’ the time, it's not a new practice.
A. Lately Åçõ‰ Ñ ´’üµ¿u ÅE Å®Ωnç, Ç©-Ææuçí¬ ÅE Q. What is the difference between a sentence
Late Åçõ‰ Ç©-Ææuçí¬ ÅE. He married late -í∫-©®Ω’. a) I go there tomorrow.
é¬ü¿’. and a clause.
in his life ņúøç correct. A. Let us sum up = ´’†ç îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊†o îªJaç-*† N≠æ- b) She comes here next week.
A. A sentence is a group of words with a com-
Q. He is very stronger than I. plete meaning. (To have the complete mean-
ߪ÷©’, ÆæçéÀ~-°æhçí¬ Ææp≠ædçí¬ ´’®Ó≤ƒJ îÁ°æ¤p-éÓ-´úøç. Shall/ will is used for future in general
A. He is much stronger than I - correct. Very ing, the group should have a verb in it.) compare:
B. Vijaya Raju, Sangareddy. a) She comes here next week.
stronger ûª°æ¤p-é¬ü¿’, é¬-F ¢√úø’éπ é¬ü¿’. A clause is a group of words with a verb. eg:
Q. The three sisters quarrelling with each other. If he comes here; Because he sang well; Q. Love, appear, owe, own, think ™«çöÀ °æü∆-©†’ b) She will come here next week.
Whenever I go there. continuous tense In a) her coming is definite, and
A. The three sisters quarrelling with each other
™ áçü¿’èπ◊ ®√ߪ’-èπÿ-úøü¿’?
- sentence
ÉC verb é¬ü¿’, Are/
™‰ü¿’ 鬕öÀd. Even a sentence is a clause because it is A. Love, appear, owe, own, think ™«çöÀ verbs b) her coming is not so certain.
were/ will be etc. quarrelling verb (be
Åç-õ‰ also a group of words with a verb. continuous tense ™ ®√éπ-§Ú-´úøç English That's the difference between the use of shall/
form + ing form) sentence cor-
Ö†oô’x; Å°æ¤púø’ Q. What is the difference between a phrase and
¶µ«≥ƒüµ¿®Ωtç/ ¢√úø’éπ (usage). English ´÷ûª%- will for future and the present simple for
rect Å´¤-ûª’çC.- an idiom. ¶µ«-≠æí¬ Ö†o¢√∞¡Ÿx ¢Á·ü¿öÀ †’ç* Ñ verbs †’ future.

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