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Shishkov,
P. Bozadjiev,
D. Djambov,
Ts. Velinova,
JournalP.ofDjambov,
the University
of Chemical
Technology
and Metallurgy,
46, P.
2, Vasilev
2011, 161-164
ABSTRACT
On the basis of an unique mathematical model and specialized computer package, the steady-state behaviour of
plant columns for nitric acid production has been carried out. The investigation of the column at high productivity
permitted to propose two variants for integration between high-pressure and low-pressure nitric acid productions in
NEOCHIM PLD. The method has been patented. The results were confirmed by experimental data and in 2008 the
proposal has been realized with ecological and large economical effects.
Keywords: nitric acid production, nitrogen oxides absorption, steady-state modelling.
INTRODUCTION
The nitric acid is an important heavy chemical,
produced on a very large scale, exclusively by oxidation
of ammonia and absorption of the nitrous gas with water.
A simplified scheme of the dual-pressure nitric
acid production in Neochim PLC, Dimitrovgrad is shown
in Fig.1. It includes: 1) oxidation low-pressure part, where
nitrogen oxides are produced by oxidation of ammonia
with atmospheric air over platinium catalyst. The exit gas
stream is cooled at several steps. In a flush column (C.27)
the nitrous gas is washing from ammonia and ammonium
nitrate by recycling acid condensate; 2) in the absorption
high-pressure part of the plant the nitrous gas after
compression and cooling constitute the feed at the bottom
of the absorption column C.31, which receives process
water at the top.
In this paper we present an implementation of
an idea: integration between high-pressure (AK-72) and
low-pressure (TZ-300) nitric acid production plants in
the fertilizer part of Neochim PLC, Dimitrovgrad, Bulgaria. The diluted (43 %) nitric acid from atmospheric
technology requires in the next stage (the ammonium
nitrate production) using of an vacuum evaporation section, which, on the other hand, leads to serious ecological problems. The essence of the idea is: up-concentra-
tion of the nitric acid from atmospheric-pressure technology TZ-300 at the absorption system of the nextdoor high-pressure nitric acid production AK-72. The
right answer of this possibility can be achieved by the
investigation of the absorption column of the production AK-72, shown in Fig. 2.
The main constructive parameters of the column
are: diameter 4 m, hight 57 m, sieve plates 55, feed
plate - No 6, 7, 8, cooling plates 25 (cooling water
flows through coils, layer in the froth of the plates).
Concerning to the performance of the absorption column at higher productivity, the next questions
are arising: 1) What changes of the NOx absorption will
appear at the new productivity, because in this case the
liquid streams will increase at the lower part of the column
and will decrease nearly two times at the upper part of the
column?; 2) What will happened with the temperature
profiles, especially at the upper part of the column?; 3)
How the nitric acid concentration profile will changed?
The answer of these questions will give the numbers of
the nitric condensate feed plates, because the
concentrations on the plates have to be the same as the
nitric acid concentrations of the external liquid streams.
The right answer of these questions have to be given only
by mathematical modelling and simulation of the
processes, which take place in the absorption column.
161
o
(
O ,i 0,5NO ,i )i
1
1 i
2
+ln
i Pi k,i (t,i ) =
(Oo ,i 0,5NOo ,i )2 (1i )0,5NOo ,i 1 0,5NOo ,i i
Oo ,i
(1)
162
A program package NEOAK-01J for modeling and steady-state simulation the behaviour of the sieve
plate column of the nitric acid production AK-72 in
NEOHIM PLC is created [7]. It includes two modes of
operation: (I) Estimation of several model parameters
by experimental data; (II) simulation of column performance. As an illustration of the possibilities of the package NEOAK-01J it may be marked: 1) the suitable available input data, formed by a dialog with the user; 2) the
results ( more than 2000 process variables): parameters
of the input and leaving streams; in a table are presented several profiles along the column nitric acid
concentration; NOx concentration; O2 concentration;
temperatures of the gas and liquid phases; plate efficiency, produced acid in the plate and NOx removal.
There are also possibilities for graphical representation
of some profiles.
The validity of the model was tested by comparing
the calculated results with measured values.
A lot of runs by program package NEOK-01J have
been carried out to investigate the influence of the main
input variables on the column performance.
RESULTS
i = A
,1
Pi 0 ,15 C (0NO
0 ,4 h10 ,15 c a0 ,,1i
+ NO 2 )i i
(3)
163
164
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