OSCILLOSCOPE USING MICROCONTROLLER

ABSTRACT: The general cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO) is a common laboratory

instrument that provides accurate time and amplitude measurements of voltage
signals over a wide range of frequencies. Its reliability, stability, and ease of
operation make it suitable as a general purpose laboratory instrument. In this project
an oscilloscope is made with the help of an micontroller (ARDUINO-UNO) through a
software hardware interface. The main principle involved is real time plotting of the
data that is the data is serially transmitted and serial received at any particular
instance of time from the microcontroller.
SETUP:
Initially the microcontroller is connected to the laptop console with a respected COM
specified, for example com35 through which the serial data is send and received.
The microcontroller is programmed to receive the serial data and to send the serial
data .The programming of the microcontroller is done in ARDUINO-IDE(integrated
development environment and which is dumped into the microcontroller through
USB cable to the specified COM port. Here the ARDUINO ide is interfaced with the
SIMPLOT to plot the received signal . The interfacing is done with the programming
the ARDUINO IDE.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:
The block diagram of the arrangement is as shown below the analog signal is given
to the microcontroller(ARDUINO-UNO), through which the analog signal is serially
received from the simplot and plot is potted according to the analog signal in real
time.

OPERATION:
When the input is given to the analog input of the ARDUINO the data is send serially
from respective port and it is send to the ARDUINO through which the input is fed to
the Simplot and required wave form is plotted there.

Operation inside the ARDUINO:

When the analog signal is given to the analog pin of the ARDUINO-UNO , the analog
signal is converted into digital data ie the data is sampled ,here the sampling rate is
1024 bits per cycle ,i.e each cycle in the analog signal is sampled into 1024 bits and
coded the digitally coded data is send to the ARDUINO IDE where the received
coded information is decode that is the data is again converted into analog data
through analog to digital converter(A/D converter).The analog data at that particular
point of time can be obtained from the serial monitor which is available at the
ARDUINO-IDE.

Operation of the Simplot:

Simplot open system environment software which plots the serially received date
that is received from the specified ports that are specified in the ARDUINO IDE. The
advantage here over the normal oscilloscope with respect to the used here is ,it can
be operated in simultaneously four channels. The required settings of the plot can
be made by provided settings that are given by the vendor in the software , different
such settings available are adjustment of baud rate ,etc.

Initial arrangements:
As the used microcontroller(ARDUINO-UNO) has the amplitude of only 5volts hence
the initially the circuit is scaled in such a way that to produce a plot of 24volts, the
circuit arrangement is as shown in the below figure

For scaling of the circuit of the input the first the input is signal is clamped to the
required level, and the signal is passed through the negative inverting amplifier, and
thus required scaling of the signal is achieved here the scaling is done to +12v to12v.
RESULT:
The analog signals are plotted in the laptop that is in SIMPLOT by using the
microcontroller (ARDUINO-UNO) by real time plotting simultaneously in four
channels are shown below.