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R:
No oxygen bad for activity
Substitution is
bad for activity
CH3
O
OH
Extension is
beneficial
for activity
N
H
O
OH
N
H
OH
N
H
O
OH
N
O
NH2
N
H
O
OH
NH replaced with O
Cannot ionise
Bad for activity
O
OMe
N
H
N
H
(Feedback: It does increase the polarity of the molecule but the group was not
introduced in order to increase polarity for its own sake, but to introduce a hydrogen
bond acceptor. There is no evidence to indicate that a methylene group at that position is
overly susceptible to metabolism. It is impossible for an ether to act as a hydrogen bond
donor. Page reference: 620)
2.2. What was the principle reason for including the blue coloured regions of the
molecule?
a. They interact with hydrophobic binding regions in the binding site.
b. The alkyl chain acts as a flexible arm positioning the aromatic ring correctly such that
it can interact with an extra hydrophobic region by van der Waals interactions.
c. They increase the hydrophobicity of the molecule such that it is less solvated.
*d. They increase the hydrophobicity of the molecule such that it binds more strongly
and for longer periods to lipophilic tissue in the vicinity of adrenoceptors.
(Feedback: The principle reason for adding the extended alkyl chain and aromatic ring
is that they increase the hydrophobicity of the molecule such that it binds more strongly
and for longer periods to lipophilic tissue in the vicinity of adrenoceptors.. However, it
is possible that these groups also interact with hydrophobic binding regions in the
binding site of the receptor. Page reference: 620)
HO
COOH
NH2
HO
L-DOPA
Resposta:
pKa1
HO
HO
COOH
HO
NH2
HO
COOH
+
NH3
pKa2
HO
HO
COOH
HO
+
NH3
HO
COO-
+
NH3
pKa3
HO
HO
COO-
NH2
O
-
COO-
HO
NH2
pKa4
O
HO
COO-
NH2
-O
NH2
COO-
S
N
N(CH3)2
Resposta:
S
N
N(CH3)2
OH
OH
HO
NH2
HOS
(CH3)2N
N
H
NH2
MeO
N
H
CH3
1
A= 44568 nM
NMe2
MeO
NMe2
MeO
N
H
NH2
MeO
O
A = 69 8,1 nM
A = 1019,5 nM
CH3
4
A = 77963 nM
Resposta:
C 2H5
O
H
O
O
HN
HN
NH
NH
Resposta:
A ausncia de H na posio 5 do cido 5-etil-5-fenilbarbiturico impede a tautomeria
entre as posies 4 e 5 o que se traduz em valores de pKa da ordem de 7,5. Pelo
contrrio a presena de H na posio 5 do composto A facilita a enolizao, como
consequncia observa-se um aumento de acidez (pKa 4,5) , o que implica que a pH
fisiolgico ele se encontra completamente dissociado e por isso seja incapaz de
atravessar a barreira hemato-enceflica. O composto B mais lipoflico devido
presena do grupo etilo. A sua capacidade hipntica deve-se ao facto de ser agonista do
GABA.
Ph
Ph
O
HN
HO
NH
HN
Ph
C2H5
O
HN
NH
O
Ph
Ph
O
C2H5
O
O
-N
NH
HN
Ph
C2H5
O
NH
O-
NH
O
NH
Ph
-
-O
HN
NH
O
N
N
Cl
prazepam
b) porque que o primeiro passo da via A quimioselectivo (no participam nem o
grupo amina aromtico, nem o grupo carbonilo do ster)?
c) Porque que na via B no primeiro passo da reaco no usado cloreto de
cido?
d) Para que serve a adio de NaH na alquilao do grupo amida?
Respostas:
a) Via A
OEt
NH2
NH2
H2 N
OEt
Cl
Cl
H
N
Cl
Via B
7
Cl
NH2
NH
O
Cl
Cl
Cl
NH3
Cl
NH2
O
H
N
NH
Cl
Cl
H
N
1)
Cl
NaH
N
Cl
2)
Cl