Autocad 2d Module 04 PDF

AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules
AutoCAD 2D
Module 4
Drawing Lines Using Cartesian Coordinates
Learning Outcomes:
When you have completed this module, you will be able to:
1. Describe the Cartesian Coordinate System using absolute and relative coordinates.
2. Describe and use the LINE command to draw lines using the Cartesian Coordinate
System with both absolute and relative coordinates.
The Cartesian Coordinate System

To draw accurately in an AutoCAD 2 Dimensional (2D) drawing, you must supply locations by
entering XY coordinates. The 2D coordinates are based on the Cartesian Coordinate System.
The Cartesian Coordinate System consists of two numbered lines crossing perpendicular to
each other at their zero values. The horizontal axis is called the X-axis, and the vertical axis is
called the Y-axis as shown in Figure 4-1. This allows you to assign a value to each location on
a plane. Each coordinate location consists of a pair of numbers, the first of which is the
X-coordinate and the second is the Y-coordinate, written (X,Y). For example, (2,4) is a location
2 units to the right and 4 units up
from X0,Y0.
Cartesian coordinates can be

entered into AutoCAD as either
absolute or relative coordinates.
Absolute Cartesian
Coordinates
Absolute Cartesian coordinates
are always referenced to the
absolute origin 0,0. For example:
3,4.
Relative Cartesian
Coordinates
Relative Cartesian coordinates
are incremental to the last input
point. To indicate to AutoCAD
that it is a relative coordinate you
are referring to, enter an @
before the coordinate. For Figure 4-1
example: @2,6 The Cartesian Coordinate System
Drawing lines Using Cartesian Coordinates The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright © 1993 - 2007 Module 4
4-2 AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-11
Whenever possible, always draw in the 6 +Y
positive quadrant. In almost all cases, X0,Y0

5
should be the bottom left hand corner of your 3

2
trimmed drawing. -X X 0,Y01

+X
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6 -Y
AutoCAD Command: LINE

The LINE command is used to draw lines.
Shortcut: L
2004-2008
2000-2002
If you are entering a positive number in AutoCAD, just enter the number on
it's own. Positive is the AutoCAD default. If the number is negative, you
must enter the - sign before the number. For example, if the number is 4.0,
enter 4. If the number is -4.0, enter -4.
When you start a drawing, the first XY location is always specified using an
absolute coordinate. After that, relative coordinates are used. It would be
too difficult to calculate all coordinates as absolute.
When you see the Workalong icon, as shown on the left, workalong with the
modules, tutorial style, to complete the exercise that follows. Completing the
exercises in this manner will help you understand how the commands you
are being taught in that module work by actually using them in AutoCAD.
This will prepare you so that when you are completing the drawings in the
lab exercises at the end of each module, you should be able to complete
them without any assistance.
AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-11 4-3
Using the LINE Command

Workalong and complete the steps below.
Step 1 Using the NEW command, start a new drawing using the
template Module Template A.
Step 2 Save and name the drawing AutoCAD 2D Workalong 04-1 and
save it in the folder: CAD Courses/AutoCAD 2D/Lab Exercises Completed
Step 3 Enter the commands below to draw the object shown. Keep in Drawing
mind that you enter what is bolded, the italics are the author's comments and all the rest
are AutoCAD prompts.
Command: LINE
Specify first point: 1.75,4
(Always start with an absolute coordinate. It must
be an X then Y with a comma between them.)
Specify next point or [Undo]: @5,0
(Then change to relative coordinates. Note the @
first, then X and Y.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-2.5,0
(A negative coordinate is used since the line is
going in the negative X direction.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,1.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-1,1
(When both the X and Y coordinates have a value
other then zero, the line will be inclined.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: C
You can use a C or 1.75,4 to close the last line and
return to the first point.)
Command:
Step 4 Save and close the drawing.
It is important when inserting the final line

of a series of lines to ensure your drawing
is 100% accurate. On the object shown
on the right, there are two correct ways to
draw the last line. 1. C (to close) or 2.The
absolute coordinate 1.75,4 The relative coordinate should
never be used since you can't be positive it will locate the
end of the line at the exact location as the start point.
Using the LINE Command

Step 1 Using the NEW command, start a new drawing using the
template Module Template A.
Step 2 Save and name the drawing AutoCAD 2D Workalong 04-2 and save
it in the folder: CAD Courses/AutoCAD 2D/Lab Exercises Completed
Step 3 Enter the commands below to draw the object shown. Drawing
Command: L
(L is the shortcut for the LINE command)
Specify first point: 7,5
Specify next point or [Undo]: @-2,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @.75,1
(You can draw an inclined line by entering a number other then zero for both the X and Y.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-.75,-1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: U
(When you make an input error, enter a U to go back one step. More than one U can be entered to
step back further. Ensure you press the ENTER or SPACE after each one.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @.75,-1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-2,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @1,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,5
(The object was closed by entering the absolute coordinate.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
Command:
When you are entering decimal numbers and your number ends in a zero,
for example 4.0, just enter the number up to the zero. In this case, 4. If the
number you are entering is 3.6700, all you are required to enter is 3.67.
Deleting Objects
To delete existing objects on a drawing, you can either use the ERASE
command or the Delete key on the keyboard.
Selecting Objects
Before you can delete an object(s), you must
select it using the pickbox on the graphic cursor. Figure 4-2
Move the cursor and when the pickbox is on the The Pickbox
object as shown in Figure 4-2, press the left on a Line
mouse button to select it. A selected object will
highlight (dash) and display grip markers as
shown in Figure 4-3. You can select more then
one object at the same time as shown in Figure
4-3. In future modules, you will be shown much
more sophisticated methods of selecting objects.
For now, use the pick method. To unselect an
Figure 4-4 object(s), press the Esc key. Sometimes you Figure 4-3
Three Selected Lines have to press it twice.
A Selected Line
AutoCAD Command: ERASE

The ERASE command is used to permanently remove objects from the drawing.
Shortcut: E
2004-2008
2000-2002
Using the ERASE Command

When you delete objects using the ERASE command, the objects can either be selected
before or after the command is entered. If you enter the command before selecting the
objects, you can select them when prompted by the Select Object prompt as shown below.
Command: ERASE
Select Object:
Using the Delete Key

When you delete objects using the Delete key, you must select the object(s) first and then
press the key.
Using the ERASE Command

Step 1 Open the drawing AutoCAD 2D Workalong 04-1 that you

completed in the workalong on Page 4-3 of this module. If you did not
complete that workalong, do it first.
Step 2 Using the SAVEAS command, save the drawing with the name
AutoCAD 2D Workalong 04-3. Completed
Drawing
Step 3 Select the three lines shown in Figure Step 3A. Using the
ERASE command, erase them. Your drawing should now appears as shown in Figure
Step 3B.
Step 4 Select the remaining four lines as shown in Figure Step 4. Delete them by
pressing the Delete key on the keyboard.
Figure Step 3A Figure Step 3B Figure Step 4
The Key Principles in Module 4

1. The @ symbol means "The last absolute coordinate location".
2. To close the last line of a series of lines, use either C (Close) or the absolute coordinate
of the first point.
3. To delete existing objects on a drawing, you can either use the ERASE command or the
Delete key on the keyboard.
4. Objects can either be selected before or after the command is entered.
5. To unselect an object(s), press the Esc key. Sometimes you have to press it twice.
Lab Exercise 4-1 Time Allowed: 30 Min.

Drawing Specifications
Name Template Units Text Style Font
AutoCAD 2D Lab 04-1 Module Template A Inches N/A N/A
Note: Color, Linetype, and Lineweight are all < ByLayer < unless otherwise
instructed.
Layering Scheme Lineweight
Objects on Layer Name Color Linetype
N/A
Instructions:
1. Start a new drawing using the template shown above.
2. Save and name the drawing AutoCAD 2D Lab 04-1 in the folder:
CAD Courses/AutoCAD 2D/Lab Exercises
3. Draw the object shown below.
4. Check your drawing with the key. The key name is the same as the drawing
name shown above. If you have trouble doing this, redo Module 3. AUTOCAD SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULES
5. If you have any errors, correct your drawing. DRAWN DATE SCALE DRAWING NO. SHEET
6. Save and close the drawing. Completed

Drawing
Construction Hints
Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint(s). If you get stuck and
can't complete it on your own, use the following hint(s) to help you.
Hint 1
Figure Hint 1
Hint 2 After you insert the key to check your drawing and you have to correct your drawing,
you can remove the key by deleting it and then reinserting it after you make the corrections.
Lab Exercise 4-2 Time Allowed: 30 Min.

Drawing Specifications
Name Template Units Text Style Font
AutoCAD 2D Lab 04-2 Module Template A4 Millimeters N/A N/A
Note: Color, Linetype, and Lineweight are all < ByLayer < unless otherwise
instructed.
Layering Scheme Lineweight
Objects on Layer Name Color Linetype
N/A
Instructions:
1. Start a new drawing using the template shown above.
2. Save and name the drawing AutoCAD 2D Lab 04-2 in the folder:
CAD Courses/AutoCAD 2D/Lab Exercises
3. Draw the object shown below.
4. Check your drawing with the key. The key name is the same as the drawing
name shown above. If you have trouble doing this, redo Module 3.
5. If you have any errors, correct your drawing. AUTOCAD SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULES
6. Save and close the drawing. DRAWN DATE SCALE DRAWING NO. SHEET
Completed
Drawing
4 - 10 AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-11
Construction Hints
Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint(s). If you get stuck and
can't complete it on your own, use the following hint(s) to help you.
Hint 1
Figure Hint 1
Hint 2 After you insert the key to check your drawing and you have to correct your drawing,
you can remove the key by deleting it and then reinserting it after you make the corrections.

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AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules

The Cartesian Coordinate System

Cartesian coordinates can be

Whenever possible, always draw in the 6 +Y

positive quadrant. In almost all cases, X0,Y0

should be the bottom left hand corner of your 3

trimmed drawing. -X X 0,Y01

AutoCAD Command: LINE

Using the LINE Command

Step 4 Save and close the drawing.

It is important when inserting the final line

Using the LINE Command

AutoCAD Command: ERASE

Using the ERASE Command

Using the Delete Key

Using the ERASE Command

Step 1 Open the drawing AutoCAD 2D Workalong 04-1 that you

Figure Step 3A Figure Step 3B Figure Step 4

The Key Principles in Module 4

Lab Exercise 4-1 Time Allowed: 30 Min.

6. Save and close the drawing. Completed

Lab Exercise 4-2 Time Allowed: 30 Min.

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