ASSIGNMENT

COURSE TITLE: CONSTRUCTION QUALITY MANAGEMENT

COURSE NO. : NCP 27

ASSIGNMENT NO: TWO
ASSIGNMENT NAME: Quality control system for high-rise residential
Building


COURSE: GDPM (Graduate Dip!"a i# C!#$tru%ti!# Pr!&e%t
Ma#a'e"e#t(
NAME: YADA) *ALASA+E* NAT+URAM
REG,NO: 2- . /7. 01.2702.270
NICMAR
NATIONAL INSTITUTE O3 CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT AND RESEARC+
PUNE
INDE4
0
0, INTRODUCTION 2
2, QUALITY 5 ITS IMPORTANCE 6
6, STANDARD 5 SPECI3ICATIONS 3OR CONCRETING 2
1, INSPECTIONS 7 C+EC8LIST 5 ITS IMPORTANCE 01
2, +OW TO ASSURE QUALITY 09
-, QUALITY CONTROL ORGANISATION UNIT 22
7, RECOMANDATION AND CONCLUSION 27
9, *I*LOGRAP+Y 2:

INTROUDUCTION:.
1
Our company is constructing prestigious high rise residential building in
Mumbai. This building is going to construct for very rich personalities from industry
and film world. I am the project manager on this project.
Our company management has ased me to form a !uality management system
"#M$% for interior finishes& plumbing& and preventation of rainwater seepage so that
overall standard and image of company is raised.
'ooing toward all the situations lie company image about !uality wor&
people going to use facility& climatic and woring condition of Mumbai we have to
tae care about !uality of each and every wor but with !uality we have complete
this project in given desired time.
In this assignment I have enlisted my few ideas& techni!ues to complete this
project with !uality and in time frame.
QUALITY AND ITS IMPORTANCE:.
#uality is conformance to re!uirements or specifications.
(
#uality is fitness for use.
#uality: degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils re!uirements.
The term )!uality* can be used with adjectives such as poor& good or
e+cellent.
#uality can affect other vital elements of a company such as productivity& cost
and delivery schedules. It may also have an effect on the worplace
environment.
#uality leaves its imprint on society and on the !uality of government.
#uality control is one of the important functions of the !uality management. It
is the system, a set of tools and techni!ues, by which products are made to
comply with the specifications at minimum cost to the firm.
#uality control refers to the systematic control of those variables encountered
from application of materials& machines and manufacturing conditions.
Definition of terms
Quality
#uality is defined as the totality of features - characteristics of a procedure a
service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs.
Definition of Quality as per ISO 9000:2000
../egree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills re!uirements.00
1
Quality control
#uality control is defined as the operational techni!ues and activities that are used
to fulfill re!uirements for !uality.
Quality assurance
#uality assurances are all those planned and systematic action necessary to provide
ade!uate confidence that a product or a service will satisfy given re!uirements for
!uality.
Quality managements
#uality management is aspects of the overall management functions that determines
and implements the !uality policy.
hat are your organi!ation"s #uality o$%ecti&es'
2ustomer $atisfaction
Time to maret
On,Time /elivery
2ost $avings
3OI
4roductivity
4erformance
2ycle time
5
REASONS 3OR POOR QUALITY ;
1% Inade!uate training of the designers responsible for producing design and
drawings
(% Inade!uate or incorrect specification at tender stage
1% Inade!uate definition of responsibility within both management groups i.e. in the
office and on the site
5% 4oor communication between the principle parties in the contract& which
ultimately leads to confusion and on the site.
6% Inade!uate training a management of the technicians and labor on site.
7% Inade!uate verification routine to ensure that design& materials and wormanship
meets specified re!uirements.

2, STANDARDS 5 SPECI3ICATONS 3OR MA8ING 5
TRANSPORT CONCRETE:.
2oncrete is more versatile construction material and basic construction
material used for many or each civil engineering structure. /ue to time framed&
prestigious and highly modern designed structure there is also increasing scope of
concrete wor. 8or achieve our aim lie strength& durability& life span& economical
6
maintenance& we have to give too much attention regarding the !uality concrete
which is using for any structure.
Our project is one of the residence project and we are constructing it for some
main celebrity. This is also too much prestigious point therefore we have to give
much more attention towards the !uality of concrete.
STAGES O3 CONCRETING
0( I#'redie#t %!e%ti!# !< re=uired $ta#dard a#d $pe%i<i%ati!#,
2( Ma>i#' !< re=uired "i? de$i'# $a"pe a#d te$ti#'
6( *at%@i#' 7 pr!p!rti!#i#' !< i#'redie#t <!r de$ired $tre#'t@
$pe%i<i%ati!#
1( Mi?i#' !< %!#%rete
2( Tra#$p!rtati!# !< %!#%rete
-( Pa%i#' i< %!#%rete at de$ired !%ati!#,
CONTROL 3LOW O3 CONCRETING ACTI)ITY:.
7
o MATEREIAL
#uality of construction depends upon right material used& the correct
procedure followed and production of end product of acceptable performance.
The means of !uality control are tests& inspection& supervision and analysis of
data etc. we are going to divide and e+plain all the standards and specification
re!uired to follow in each stage of concreting as follows.

MATERIAL TESTING :.
oCe"e#t
1) Setting time
2) Soundness
3) Strength
4) Fineness and grading
5) Chemical composition
6) Specific gravit
9
I()O*I(+
*,-./I,0
-.S-I(+
1I(IS2.D
3/OD4)-
-.S-I(+


I:43O2;$$
T;$TI:<
I()O*I(+
*,-./I,0
-.S-I(+
!) "eat evolution
#) $ater retention
%) False set
1&) 'dulteration
o A''re'ate
1) Spectrographic e(amination
2) )rading and surface area
3) *ul+ unit ,eight
4) Specific gravit
5) '-sorption and surface moisture
6) Chemical sta-ilit
!) .esistance to free/e and tha,
#) '-rasion resistance
%) Crushing
1&) 0mpact value
11) Sampling aggregate
o Water
1% Organic
(% Inorganic
=
1% $ulfates
5% 2hlorides
6% $uspended matter
7% >ydrogen ion concentration
9% $ea water
=% $ugar
TESTS 3OR CONCRETING OPERATIONS LI8E
*ATC+INGA MI4ING AND TRANSPORTING .
1% ?atching of concrete ingredients
(% 4roportioning
, $ampling of fresh concrete
, @nalysis of fresh concrete
1% Mi+ing
, Anit weight of concrete
, @ir content
, 2ement content
, Bield
5% Transporting
, Moisture content
C
, $egregation
, $etting time
6% 4lacing "worability%
, $lump test
, 8low test
, ?all penetration test
7% 2ompaction
, Dee bee test
, 2ompaction factor
, ?leeding
QUALITY STANDARDS
$ince !uality depends on all elements of production: raw materials&
e!uipment and wormen& hence all these must be tied up& and the first and
foremost step in enunciating !uality is to lay down !uality specifications.
QUALITY SPECI3ICATION ;
$pecifications are the definitions of the measurable as well as non,
measurable characteristics of the product& process or service.
10
$pecifications are mainly of four types: material specifications&
dimensional specifications& performance specifications and
environmental specifications.
Materials $pecifications: pertain to the metallurgical aspects of the
product and they form a vital part of engineering function. Materials
specifications are based on e+perience& tests& e+periments and applied
research etc.
/imensional $pecifications refer to the siEe of the product and they are
the ones that are incorporated into the component drawings.
4erformance $pecifications refer to the actual performance of the
product.
;nvironmental $pecifications pertain to the climatic conditions which the
componentFproductFmaterialFshould with stand.
QUALITY STANDARDS ;
The two basic re!uirements of !uality standards are:
11
#uality $tandards must be definite and understandable. They must not leave
even a slight doubt for any department& be it manufacturing& inspection or any
other.
#uality $tandards should also be reasonable and achievable i.e. they must be
economically viable.
$tandards form an important part of a !uality system. $tandards cover a broad
range of subjects from products to systems themselves.
Is a document& established by consensus and approved by a recogniEed body&
which provides& for common and repeated use& rules& guidelines aimed at the
achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given conte+t.
In today0s society of technological advances with e+tensive efforts to establish
order& standards have been developed on an e+tensive set of items with which
we come in contact.
I$O C001 is a standard for !uality systems. $ome of its characteristics are
the establishment& documentation& implementation& maintenance and
continual improvement of a !uality management system.
INSPECTION ;
1(
0nspection is act of phsical verification of the su-1ect ,or+ on the site
and under normal da2to2da ,or+ing conditions. 3ualit control
inspectors ,ho are posted at all active sites and ,ho should -e persons
at 4ualit engineer and a-ove levels do this inspection for 4ualit.
-he duties of #uality control inspector are as follo5s-
1% 2hecing of input materials brought at site as per specifications
(% 2hec the woring is proceeding as per specifications bring the substandard
wor to notice the concerned authorities.
1% Inspect personally and regularly the wor in progress at sites.
5% 3eview the previous days daily #2 reports filled by the field !uality control
units and convey immediately to the concerned site in charge and any adverse
results and recommendations for rectification.
6% Derify that the results of the test received from labs have been duly attended to
and send them to seniors in the dept.
7% 4repare daily report of inspection on the prescribed forms and send the seniors
in the dept.
9% 2hec to ensure that #@ manual for worers and supervisors are available at
hand at wor stations that they are not in torn stage that they are easily
accessible and they are being referred to.
11
=% 2hec that the e!uipment plants are in proper woring condition and they are
conform to I$ specifications.
C% Investigate the case where the test result of input material are satisfactory but
that of in process stage are not or there is a discrepancy in test results during
in process and end product stage and find out the causes of mishap.
o Items to $e inspected -
1% Inspections of ingredient of material cement& steel& aggregate and water and
admi+ture. The test results of this material and their condition of storing needs
to be checed.
(% Inspection of formwor& embedded parts& ladder& gangway plant and
machinery.
1% Inspection of concrete maing and placing
5% Inspection of the end product.
6,INSPECTIONS S+EETS 5 C+EC8LIST :.
8or completion of any wor with desired !uality standards we have to
e+ecute all the operations with systematically and as per desired by !uality manual.
$ystematically means we have to chec al the point0s aspects& correlated functions so
that we conform we are going by correct procedure.
15
S./6I). *,(,+./
?efore starting to e+ecute any wor lie shuttering wor& reinforcement
placing& pouring of concrete as per our !uality manual there are some re!uirement
regarding technically& aesthetically& geometrically aspects. @ll this aspect are very
important for completion of wor successfully. 2heclist contains all this points
regarding a specific wor. In checlist formats all this point0s get e!ualiEed and there
is a space for confirm checing of this point is completed or not.
AD)ANTAGES O3 INSPECTION S+EET OR C+EC8LIST:.
1% 2heclists enlist all the point therefore there is not possibility of forgot to
chec any point.
(% ;asy rechec for clients0 engineer.
1% In checlist format there are column for taen approval from !uality unit&
service head& or wor in charge head i.e. they also now progress report and
get alert about !uality
5% 2ontractor point of view he get checed about !uality - we are sure about our
wor.
6% This is ey for achieving batter !uality.
SOME C+EC8LIST 3ORMATS AS 3OLLOWS :.
R,C,C INSPECTOIN C+EC8LIST.
Client ---------------- Contractor's Pre concrete Pour inspection From
16
Contractor : --------------
Pre concrete Request for Inspection of R.C.C. Works
Grade Of Concrete : Date :
olume Of Concrete: R I !o. :
"ocation details: Dr#. !o. :
Cement Consumption :
$ime : %tart: Finis& :
%r. Item 'rief %pec
(ppro)ed *
!ot !(
Remarks * +
!CR Correcti)e (ction :
!o. (ppro)ed (ppro)ed * !ot
(ppro)ed
A. Formwork
, %&ape- %i.e / Position (s per dr0
1 Cut outs / pipe slee)es
2
"ine/le)el- Concrete
le)el (s per dr0
3 Gap closin# '4 foam
5 Cleanin# / Oilin# fosrock oil
6 Concrete %equence '4 la4er
7 Form0ork / False0ork ok
desi#n requirements
B. Reinforcement
,
8ain
9arsi.e-!o-/spacin# (s per 99s
1 Gridline ali#nment
2 %tirrups / Curtail 'ars (s per 99s
3 :;tra 'ars
5 Distri9utors
6 Do0els
7 %pacers / "o##les
< Cleanin# of Re9ar 94 0ire 9rus&
=
"aps- "ocation (nd
"en#t&
,> Co)er
,, i9rator (cccess 6>mm nidel )i9
,1 'indin# 0ire #au#e ,< #ua#e
,2
C&airs-sufficient /
%tron#
(s per ?oint
record
,3 Re9ar ok
C. Service Check
, Plum9in#
1 @(C A
2 :lectrical A
3 Fire A



C&ecked '4 contr.
:n##.


C&ecked / (ppro)ed 94 !ot (ppro)ed 94
client Client
Remarks :
*RIC8WOR8 C+EC8LIST.
17
Client ---------- 'rick * 'lock 0ork inspection Form
contractor: -------------
Inspection of Brick \ Block work : Date:
"ocation Details : BFill *GridC I F !o. :
%tart Date : Completion Date: Contractor :
%r. Item 0all, 0all1 0all2 0all3 0all5 0all6 0all7 0all<
Correcti)e (ction
For
!o. Wall "ocation !CR if an4
Preliminary checks
, Cleanin# t&e (rea
1 @ackin# * application of 'ond (id to
concrete %urface
2 8aterial %&iftin#
3 "intel castin#. B9earin#C
5 Wettin# of 9ricks * 9locks
6 Consider 9ulka#e Factor for sand
7 (ppro)ed Dra0in# * instruction
< (dequate material for scaffoldin#
Drin! Constrction
, 8i; Proprtion B,:3 for line out-
,:6 for rest masonar4C
1 "ine out
2 "ine la9le- Plum9- Ri#&t an#le
3 Doint t&ickness
5 Openin# cut out si.es
6 Rackin# of Doints
7 @ei#&t of masonar4 per Da4
< RCC 'andB,:2:6C at sp. &ei#&t
= $op la4er insertion of a##re#ate
,> Reuse of %pillo)er morter
Post Constrction
, Wall surface and floor cleanin#
1 Date9 of construction
2 Curin# for 7 da4s


%urtface (rea in %qft of 0alls 'uilt : 8easurement 'ook Ref :

(ctual !o.of cement 9a#s Consumed :

Consumption of cement 'a#s * %q.ft.


C&ecked / (ppro)ed 94 !ot (ppro)ed 94
Contractor. Client.
Remarks :
1, +OW TO ASSURE QUALITY:.
19
#uality assurance goes much beyond with the introduction of !uality
manuals auditing for the !uality - computeriEed MI$ for !uality. It includes
building !uality in the design of the project planning and selection of e!uipments&
performance and maintenance of machine improving worers sills and technical
F managerial competencies of engineers and managers& motivation and
commitment. #uality assurance demands and organiEational structure where in
coordination and interface between various parties to construction becomes
possible from the lowest to the top management level.
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME 3OR CONCRETING :.
1% Maing of !uality manual boo for planned project regarding all the aspect
of wor "which is going to prepare by !uality consultant and client&
contractor& architects& consultant can also coordinate them.%
(% 4reparation of concreting manuals for worers& supervisors& and engineers.
1% Maing mi+ design and concrete batch and production manual for all
concrete mi+ing plant worer supervisor and engineer.
5% Training to all person mae compulsory who involved in concreting function
right from material finaliEation& production up to placing of concrete.
6% 4reparation of organiEation chart for all concreting woring group with
e+plaining job description and job specification and reporting system.
7% $etting up internal and e+ternal audit system.
1=
9% 4roviding the necessary resources physical& financial& and personnel as and
when re!uired.
QuaitB a$$ura#%e pa#
#uality assurance plan sets out the planned action re!uired for the !uality
assurance. #uality assurance plan is the one& which sets out specific !uality
practices to be carried out during the project. <enerally on the basis of the contents
of the table providing broad checlist of various activities and #@ clauses chosen
the #@ plan is prepared.
Ge have to prepare plans before starting the project.
It has to scrutiniEe or approved by head or client or owner.
#@ plans shall be documented in the form of #@ manual.
The #@ plan so prepared should form part of the contract agreement.
Implementation of !uality assurance plan may be carried out by the following
methods
1. Internal control by the construction agency (
(. ;+ternal control either by the owners or by third party inspection agency the
choice of agency for enforcement of #@ plans should preferably is spelt out in
tender documents.
1C

QuaitB a$$ura#%e "a#ua
It generally concerns
1% Identification of all parties involved in #@ - their interrelationship
(% Internal #@ system of order party
1% 'evel of over checing F verification in case of multiple verification F controls&
including systems of inspection and audit whenever applicable.
5% OrganiEation of personnel responsibilities and lines of reporting for #@
purposes.
6% 2riteria for acceptance F rejection including identification of proper
authorities for such decisions
7% Inspection at the end of defect liability period
9% Items to be covered in maintenance manual
=% @ll formats for documents
QUALITY CON3ORMANCE .
(0
#uality of design must ensure that all relevant features& which determine the
!uality of a product& are included in the design parameters. These design features&
however& are of little or no use unless they are meticulously reflected in the final
product. The end result of the good !uality of design is the good !uality product
provided the design parameters given in the drawings and specifications are
strictly adhered to.
4oor conformance& on the contrary& can easily debase a good design. #uality
of conformance demands a system approach and control of every aspect that goes
into the production of the finished goods: the material& the tools& the e!uipment&
the processes& the preservatives& the pacaging and pacing and so on.
#uality control is the watch,dog which ensures that every element of
production and activities lined to it which could affect the !uality of the end
product are regulated to the e+tent desirable.
2, CREATING QUALITY ASSURANCE ORGANISATION 7 UNIT
AT T+E SITE ;
'ooing towards the prestigious image of our company we have to organiEe
!uality control unit on our site is very important. #uality control dept is responsible
for achieving batter !uality of finished products
6% 8ollowing chart shows !uality control unit organiEation flow.
(1
3/O7.)- *,(,+./

4ersonnel !ualification& e+perience& duties& responsibilities and their reporting
system is as follows,
3/O7.)- *,(,+./-
4roject manager is the head of all project wor unit lie !uality control
dept& planning dept& and ;+ecution depts. 4roject manger is mainly
responsible for achieving batter !uality. 4M is the boss he chec all the !uality
((
. MIH /;$I<: @$$T.
#A@'ITB I:$4;2TO3
@$$T.
#@
$A4;3DI$O3.
#2
$A4;3DI$O3
$A4;3DI$O3$
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Q4,0I-; ,4DI-I(+
.(+I(../

Q4,0I-; I(S3.)-O/
Q4,0I-; *,(,+./
M@T. T;$TI:< $A4;3DI$O3 *,-./I,0 -.S-I(+
9
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$3. - I3 ;$T.
;:<I:;3
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#2 @$$T.
$A4;3DI$O3
#2 @$$T.
#@ @$$T.
audit mar or remars and mae changes or implantation of new for achieving
batter !uality. #uality control manager will be report to project manager
regarding all the point.
Q4,0I-; *,(,+./
#@ - #2 manager is responsible for total !uality control wor and
achieving batter !uality. 3ight from material finaliEation up to finished product
handover he has to give attention toward all the activities. @dapting new
technology& using new wor method& removing constraints& replacing bad !uality
material or any other input is main role of !uality manager. If any wor going by
incorrect way or if there is negligence in !uality of wor is he has rights the wor
without any permission.
@ll personnel staff as per organiEation chart will be assisting to #@ -
#2 manager he will be ?.;. civil plus !uality management nowledge.

*aterial testing 9 la$ *anager
>e is responsible for material and vendor finaliEation. >e also chec the
material coming on site and testing of material their inspection and giving
permission to use is the main wor of material manager.
Material sample testing& specimen testing& finished product specimen
testing is also job of material manager and lab manager. They will directly report
(1
to the !uality manager. >e will be diploma holder with having material testing
and lab managing e+perience.
*i< design *anager
>e is responsible for maing mi+ design sample or periodically changes
in concrete due to changes in material& natural problems lie rain& heat winter
season. Githout approval of mi+ design we can0t mae any concreting on site.
>e will directly report to !uality manager. >e will be ?.;. civil having
batter e+perience in concrete mi+ design wor.
Quality ,udit *anager
>e is main responsible for finished facility auditing wor and evaluation
wor regarding !uality aspect and norms. >e maes all audit report of all the wor
periodically. 8rom audit report we can now is our wor is fulfilling all !uality
norms or not.
>e will report to the !uality manager.
Quality )ontrol inspector
>is main role is inspection of all the activities running on site regarding
!uality control view. >is wor start from material using procedure following&
checlist filling& curing up to handover of finished facility.
(5
>e will report to !uality manager he has responsibility to stop the wor
which not fulfilling !uality norms. >e will ?.;. plus have more !uality management
education.
RESPONSI*ILITY O3 QUALITY CONTROL UNIT :.
1% #uality of material - vendor finaliEation is depends upon !uality control unit
permission.
(% #uality control unit is responsible for overall site !uality control& !uality
planning& wor management system& monthly review& !uality auditing& and
review report.
1% 4reliminary inspection& checing& testing on any material coming on site is
the role of !uality unit then this material is accepted on site.
5% #uality control engineer should approve the wor e+ecution procedure.
6% #2 engineer F inspector have powers to stop the wor which is not fulfilling
any !uality re!uirement or not as per !uality manual.
7% #uality control unit has right to stop the wor& debit or apply penalty to
contractor to contractor who not following !uality rules F needs.
9% 2ompletion of facility is also have to approved for !uality control unit.
(6
S./6I). *,(,+./
$3. - I3
;:<I:;;3
4'AM?;3
RECOMMENDATIONS :.
$ome times we found that for e+ecution of particular project we have used
advanced machinery& new wor techni!ues F method e+cellent !uality material and
e+perienced staffF manpower but finished product not fulfilling that desired !uality
(7
standards. The main reason of failure is lac of communication and coordination
between all personnel team. If you are using e+cellent !uality resources and due to
sort of coordination between engineer& contractor& and worer then !uality of wor
get decreased.
;very independent person is responsible for acheving batter !uality. It is
not managerial tas. Manger only plans the things& ideas& all personnel team under
the manager have to act as per this. Then these plans get successes. 8or achieving the
desired !uality standards we have to coordinate with all the woring team. @nd we
have to mae batter communication and coordination between all the staff.
I 5ill recommend the follo5ing programs on site regarding technical and
moti&ational aspect 5ise to achie&e $atter #uality control=
,> -echnical aspect-
Training to all staff and worer
Technical lectures and seminars
:ew system& wor method& mechaniEation systems learning programs.
B> *oti&ational aspect
?est facility of living fooding& traveling.
4eriodically get together programs
Incentive and bonus scheme.
(9
De$it or penalty system
I will recommend to apply this system on our site in this system if any
contractor engineer or any responsible person not taing care regarding !uality
re!uirements& he is doing negligence in wor & improper wor without reason
then his wor get stopped and this person get debited by certain amount. This
amount will be fi+ed by certain >O/. This system is ruled for every activity
running on site.
/ue to debit system contractor or respective people up to worer also tae
care for !uality. If any time contractor get loss by debit ne+t time he cant mae
any negligence in wor.
*I*LIOGRAP+Y 7 READINGS:.
2= )onstruction technology *=S= Shetty
?= )onstruction #uality management $y /,(+,(,-2,(
(=
@= -e<t $ooA of construction #uality management - (I)*,/ pu$lication
B= -otal #uality management 75ans $ooA
(C