Unit 13: PROJECT INITIATION

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การวิเคราะหและออกแบบเชิงวัตถุ
2/2550

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 Object Oriented Systems Analysis and
Design

• Use-case driven
• Architecture Centric
• Iterative and Incremental
• The Unified Process

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 Engineering Workflows

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 Supporting Workflows

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 Key Ideas

z Projects being when someone sees an

opportunity to create business value from
using information technology.
z Feasibility analysis is used to aid in the
decision of whether or not to proceed with
the IS project.

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 Key Ideas

z The project sponsor is a key person proposing

development or adoption of the new information
technology .
z The approval committee reviews proposals from
various groups and units in the organization and
decides which to commit to developing.

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 IDENTIFYING BUSINESS VALUE

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 System Request

z Lists key elements of the project

– Project name
– Project sponsor
– Business need
– Functionality
– Expected value
– Special issues or constraints

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 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS

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 Feasibility Analysis

z Detailing Expected Costs and Benefits

– Technical feasibility
– Economic feasibility
– Organizational feasibility

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 Technical Feasibility:
Can We Build It?
z Familiarity with application
– Knowledge of business domain
z Familiarity with technology
– Extension of existing firm technologies
z Project size
– Number of people, time, and features

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 Economic Feasibility
Should We Build It?

z Development costs
z Annual operational costs
z Annual benefits
z Intangible costs and benefit

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 Expected Value

Costs Benefits

Tangible * *
* *
* *

Intangible * *
* *
* *

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 Cash Flow Method for Cost Benefit
Analysis

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 Return on Investment Calculation
RETURN ON INVESTMENT EQUALS

Total (benefits - costs)

Divided by

Total costs

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 Net Present Value Calculation
NET PRESENT VALUE EQUALS

Some amount of money

Divided by

(1 + interest rate)n
Where “n” equals the number of periods

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 Organizational Feasibility
If we build it, will they come?

z Stakeholder analysis considers

– Project champion(s)
– Organizational management
– System users

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