DO NOT OPEN THE TEST BOOK UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Last First
Middle lnitial
PSAT/NM
> WEDNESDAY,
October 16,
20I 3
(This is the authorized
administration date of
this test form for entry
to scholarship and
recognition programs.)
Tlmlng The PSAT/NMSQT@ has five sections. You will have 25 minutes each
for Sections 1-4 and 30 minutes for Section 5.
Scorlng For each correct answer, you receive one point. For questions you
omit, you receive no points. For a wrong answer to a multiple-choice
question, you lose a quarter (%) of a point. For a wrong answer to a
math question that is not multiple choice, you do not lose any points.
Guesslng lf you can eliminate one or more choices as wrong, you increase your
chances of choosing the correct answer and earning one point. lf you
cannot eliminate any choices, move on. You can return to the question
later if there is time.
Marklng
Answers
You must mark all of your answers on your answer sheet to receive
credit. Make sure each mark is dark and completely fills the circle. lf you
erase, do so completely. You may write in the test book, but you will not
receive credit for anything you write there.
Checklng You may check your work on a particular section if you finish it before
Answers time is called, but you may not turn to any other section.
DO NOT OPEN THE TEST BOOK UNTIT YOU ARE TOID TO DO SO!
Unauthorized reproduction or use of any part of this test is prohiblted.
Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship
Quali$ing
Test
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4JPT1
772058
Prelimlnary SXf
/
National Merlt Scholarship
Quallfying
Test
SECTION I
Time
-
25 minutes
24
Questions
(r-24)
Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the conesponding
circle on the answer sheet.
t.
Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank
indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath
the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled A
through E. Choose the word or set of words that, when
inserted in the sentence,
be$
fits the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Example:
Hoping to
------
the dispute. negotiators proposed
a compromise that they felt would be ------ to both
labor and management.
(A) enforce . . useful
(B) end . . divisive
(C) overcome . . unattractiYe
(D) extend . . satisfactory
(E) resolve. . acceptable
@@o@o
The visiting dignitaries were so ------- by the sporting
event that they invited the two teams back to their
homeland to
-----
the sport.
(A) inspired . . devastate
(B) impressed . . demonstrate
(C) unconcemed . . promote
(D) disturbed . . establish
(E) bored . . glorify
Because elephants can hear sounds at frequencies
too low for human ears. lhey can communicate in
ways that humans cannot directly ------.
(A) regulate
(B) avoid
(C) provide
(D) detect (E) visualize
Captain Cook's explorations expanded the field
of
----:
they led to the creation of maps of
previously uncharted lands.
(A) psychology
(B) botany
(C) optometry
(D) chemistry (E) cartography
Those who farm organically, having
----.-
chemical
fertilizers, rely instead on the addition of natural
materials to
-----
the soil.
(A) discovered . . moisten
(B)
advertised . . nurture
(C) harvested . . blanket
(D) rejected . . enrich
(E) ignored . . exhaust
The legendary songwriter was regarded as an ------- the
romanticized heartland, although some feel that he
exaggerated his countrified roots to enhance his -------.
(A) insignia of. . harmony
(B)
icon of. . credibility
(C) adversary of. . fortune
(D) opportunist in. . repertoire
(E) imposter from. . renown
Describing the link between Martin Luther King, Jr.'s
speeches and social change as ------ is absurd: the
speeches were profoundly influential.
(A)
liberating
(B) egalitarian
(D) tenuous
(E) draconian
(C) prohacted
The critic's review of Hollister's latest novel was
quite
----,
predicting that the book would prove
to be ------- for even the most devoted of Hollister's
tans.
(A) laudatory . . an ordeal
(B) vindictive.. a lark
(C) scathing . . a banquet
(D) caustic..atrial
(E) insolent.. a repast
Since Chen was not ------- person. she recognized
immediately that the dubious investment scheme must
be a scam.
(A) an ingratiating (B) a gregarious
(C)
a petulant (D) an iresolute
(E) a credulous
7.
-2-
@
@
The passages below are fotlowed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of rclated passages may also
be bised on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is
9664!
or imolied in the
passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Line
5
Questions
9-10 are based on the following passage.
When reading the biographies of the later Roman
emperorc, the founeenth-century poet Francis Petrarch
one day came across the statement that Gordian the
Younger
(who ruled.q.o. 238-2,14) had been a man
of handsome features. "If this is rue," he wrote in
the margin of his copy of the Historid Augusta, "he
employed a l'eeble sculptor." This apparently trivial
comment constitutes a milestone in the development
of historical thought, for Petrarch is here not only
giving almost equal weight to a visual and a literary
source, but recognizing that they are not in agreement.
9- The discussion of Petrarch chiefly serves to
(A) chaltenge a line of inquiry that is still
pursued by modem historians
(B) demonstrate how Petrarch was inspired
by historical figures such as Gordian
the YouDger
(C) advocate an ancient model of historical
investigation into the visual arts
(D) describe an artistic debate thar engaged
the attention of writers in Petrarch's day
(E) cite a precedent for the comparative study
of literary texts and the visual arts
10, Petrarch's comment in the margin of the Historia
Aaglsra implies which of the following
judgments
about the sculpture of Gordian the Younger?
(A) It reflected the artist's political bias.
(B) It was made of an inferior material.
(C) It confirmed the historical record.
(D) It depicted an unattractive man.
(E) It lacked a distinctive style.
Questions
11-12 are based on the following
Passage.
In 1996 Rose Ann Robertson lsearched the stories
that "women's page" editors at several newsPapers
chose to cover and what influenced those choices during
the late 1960s and 1970s. when women's sections were
transitioning into
"lifestyle" sections. She found that
these editors did not want to abolish the women's sections;
rather, they wanted to include in theit sections stories that
were more relevant to their readers than traditional fare
was. Robertson looked at their coverage of working women
and civil rights and found that these female editors were
running progressive stories long before such subjects
reached the front pages. These developments were in
spite of rather than because of directives from management.
11. Which conclusion about the women's sections of
newspapers in the late 1960s and 1970s is supported
by the passage?
(A) They were more concerned with civit rights
than with the rights of working women.
(B) They reponed on social issues that later
became the focus of major news coverage.
(C) They advocated for increased numbers
of women to become newspaper editors.
(D) Their featured stories covered only traditional
women's topics.
(E) Their featured stories were acclaimed for their
well-written style.
12. The last sentence suggests that the
"directives
from management" were viewed by the women's
page editors to be
(A)
supportive of their own beliefs
(B) progressive in intent
(C) ambivalent about women s issues
(D) indifferent to tradition
(E) at odds with their own goals
Li,E
J
t0
-3-
@
Line
5
Questions
13-24 are based on the following passages.
These passages are adapted
from
books published
in 2007
that discuss issues concerning locall,- grown
aru| raised
food.
Passage I
At its heart, a genuine food culture is an affinity
between people and the land rhat feeds them. Our family
set out to find ourselves a real culture of food by
deliberately eating food produced in the same place where
we worked, loved our neighbors, drank the water, and
breathed the air. It's not at all necessary to live on a food-
producing farm to participate in this culture. But it is
necessary to know such farms exist, understand something
of what they do, and consider oneself basically in their
court.
Will our single-family decision to eat only food that
does not need to travel thousands of miles give a big black
eye to the
petroleum-hungry
behemoth? Similar choices
have been made by many other families. A lot of people at
once are waking up to a troublesome truth about cheap
fossil tuels: we are going to run out ofthem. Ourjet-age
dependence on petroleum to teed our faces is a limited-
time-only proposition. Dozens or even hundreds offossil-
fuel calories are needed to supply every food calorie we
presently eat. By the time my children are my age, that
version of dinnenime will surely be an unthinkable
extravagance.
I enjoy denial as much as the next person, but this isn't
rocket science: our kids will eventually have to make food
differently. They could be assisted by some familiarity with
how vegetables grow from seeds, how animals grow on
pasture, and how whole ingredients can be made into
meals, gee whiz, right in our kitchen. My husband and I
decided our children would not grow up without knowing
a potato has a plant part. We would take a food sabbatical.
getting our hands dirty in some of the actual dying arts of
food production. We hoped to prove-at least to ourselves
-that
a family living on or near green land need not
depend for its lile on food produced on a massive scale. We
also hoped that a year away from such food would taste so
good, we might actually enjoy it. Doing the right thing, in
this case, is not about throwing out bread, tightening your
belt, or dragging around feeling righteous and gloomy.
Food is the rare moral arena in which the ethical choice
is generally the one more likely to make you groan with
pleasure.
Passage 2
As a society, we should resist the urge to panic over our
dislocation from agricuttural life. Consider, for example,
the stock eulogy for the wholesome farming life: the claim
that legions of modem children have never seen a cow. In
a typical example, Illinois Congresswoman Ruth Hanna
McCormick noisily donated one of her cattle to the
Chicago Zoo, saying, "If s for the kids who have never seen
one. Thousands . . . have seen a rhinoceros and a giraffe but
have never seen a cow." That was in 1929. In perhaps a
more accurate suryey, a recent chat group on the Internet
asked, "Who's never seen a cow in real life?" The mostly
young, urban, and technologically astute members
altemately rolled their eyes or expressed horror at the
question. '"That is such a weird concept," wrote Becca G.
"Are there really people out there who have never seen a
cow?'
Yet there is a reality behind the anxiety. The
United States has lost two-thirds of its fams since 1920:
industrialization accounts for one-half of the farms lost.
And the nature of farming has changed
just
as radically.
Commercial fenilizer use has more than doubled since
World War II. The use of pesticides and herbicides has
increased dramatically. Where once North America's farms
were home to traditional bamyard animals, few are today.
The change is quantifiable: for example,
just
four percent
of American farms today keep chickens. "The early
momings are strangely silent where once they were filled
with the beaury of bird song," wrote Rachel Carson in
1962, of wild songbirds. On the modem farm, the strange
silence is dawn without the rooster's crow.
What made us drift away? In 1920 the rural and urban
populations of both the United States and Canada were
evenly split. Movement toward the cities rapidly
accelerated with the boom after World War II. The rural
customs-self-sufficiency, buying products from people
you know, shopping catalogs for a few trusted products-
could not hold. In the cities, hundreds of brands competed
with powerful advertising, white emerging chain stores
deployed tactics like selling certain items at a loss to break
shoppen' old loyalties. There was no going back to the
farm. Last year, a United Nations commission reported that
half of the world's 6.5 billion peopte will live in cities in
2007. Most of them, I suspect, will still have seen a cow.
Fewer and fewer, however, will have touched one, cared
for one, watched one give birth, or seen a cow give milk
for our sustenance.
t5
-4-
@
13. Both passages directly support the idea that
(A) locally raised food is both tastier and healthier
than food purchased at a supermarket
(B) fossil fuet will become increasingly expensive to
procure in the future
(C) people today generally have become disconnected
from the way products are raised and grown on
farms
(D) adeptness with technology may actually make it
more difficult to learn other useful skills
(E) moving to a food-producing farm is a positive
step for many families
14. To give a "black eye" to the "behemoth" (lines 12-13)
would most directly cause injury to
(A) future generations
(B) canle farmers
(C) proponents of processed foods
(D) the ransportation industry
(E) the commercial fertilizer industry
15. The author of Passage 2 would most likely argue
that the
"choices" (Passage l, line 13) are
(A) contary to historical trends
(B) tikely to succeed in the long run
(C) common among city dwellers
(D)
based on widespread misconceptions
(E) unwise because they limit nutritional options
16. The tone of "gee whiz" (line 28)
is best described as
(A) mock astonishment
(B) puzzled amusement
(C) oven anger
(D) honest arnazement
(E) embarrassedconfusion
17. Unlike the author of Passage l, the author of Passage 2
provides readers with
(A) a plan to enhance the connection between city
dwellers and farming life in rural areas
(B) a scientific basis for the human desire to consume
a wide vadety of food
(C) a discussion ofthe morality ofeating foods from
industrialized farms
(D) descriptions of specific methods of producing
local food
(E) historical context for the current relationship
between urban people and agriculture
lE. In line 47,
"noisily" most nearly means
(A) scandalouslY
(B) insolentty
(C) thunderously
(D) conspicuouslY
(E) rambunctiouslY
19. McCormick refers to "a rhinoceros and a giraffe"
(line 49) primarily to
(A) draw an analogy
(B) coin a metaPhor
(C) protest an activity
(D) make a recommendation
(E) note an incongruitY
20. The author ofPassage I would most likely view
McCormick's donation
(lines 45-50, Passage 2)
as ultimately
(A) wrongheaded, because the children who visit zoos
are the ones most likely to be familiar with cows
(B) suspicious, because politicians often make
donations in order to obtain favorable publicity
(C) inadequate, because children need to be exposed
to working farms
(D) patronizing, because modern children iue more
sophisticated than many adults believe
(E) amusing, because cows are not generally found
in zoos
21. The attitude expressedin lines 55-57
("
That is . . . cow?") is best characterized
as one of
(A) disbelief
(B) chagrin
(C) admiration
(D) indignation
(E) alarm
22. The author of Passage I would probably consider
which aspect of the shopping pattems described
in lines 76-77, Passage 2 ("self-sufficiency . . .
products"), as most significant?
(A) They involved minimal transportation across
large distances.
(B) They worked equally well for urban and rural
populations.
(C) They included most family members in
purchasing decisions.
(D) They limited opponunities for changes in
products.
(E) They discouraged farmers from expanding
their businesses.
-5-
@
23. In tine 80, "break" most nearly means
(A) force
(B)
escape
(C) exceed
(D) solve
(E) destoy
24. The references to borh the poraro plant
(lines
28-30, Passage l) and the cow
(lines
85-87, Passage 2) serve to
(A)
stress the importance of social involvement
(B) emphasize the value ofdirect experience
(C)
illustrate the problem with an ordinary activity
(D) indicate the cleverness of a parricular solution
(E)
note the prevalence ofa common specier
STOP
lf you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section in the test.
-6-
@
NO TEST MATERIAL ON THIS PAGE
-7-
NO TEST MATERIAL ON THIS PAGE
-8-
Directions: For this section, solve each problem and decide which is the best ofthe choices
given. Fill in the corresponding
circle on the answer sheet. You may use any available space for scratch work.
l, lf n
-
3 is an even integer, which of the following
could be the value of n ?
(A)
-3
(B)
-2
(c) 0
(D) 4
(E)
.6
SECTION 2
Time
-
25 minutes
20
Questions
(1-20)
1
2, Arateof j
mile
Per
minute is equal toarateof how
many miles per hour?
(A) 20
(B) 30
(c) 40
(D) 60
(E) 120
l. The use of a calculator is permitted.
2. Al[ numbers used are real numbers.
3. Figues tlat accompany problems in this test are intended to provide information usetul in solving the prohlems.
gl
i-l,.y r.,lru*n as a!.curately as possible EXCEPT when it is stated in a specitlc
problem that the figure is not
Zl
drawn to scale. All ilgures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
4. Unless othelwise specified, the domain of any function
/
is assumed to be he Set of all real numbers .r for which
/(.r)
is a real number.
cl
t=:;,
A= tw e=
)an
v= twh
v=Erzh c2= a2 + b2
The number ofdegrees of arc in a circle is 360.
,t,arJJJ
LA, V
=
lwh
V
=Erzh
c2
=
a2 + b2
Special Right Triangles
Hl';=;,
A=
($'
A=;bh v=
lwh
E I te numuer of oegrees of arc in a circle is .160.
dl *-
^.--
^..,r,a
on^r-.
^r'i The sum of the measures in degees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
-9-
3, If l5k + 5
=
80, what is rhe value of 3/< + I ?
(A)
l6
(B)
l0
(c)
8
(D)
5
(E)
4
In the xy-plane above, point M is the midpoint of
segment AB. What is the y-coordinate of point I ?
(A)
5
(B)
6
(c)
7
(D)
8
(E)
e
-10-
5. Which of the following numbers is between
!
"na
-L1r
8 16
0.3
0.5
0.62
0.67
0.75
6. If r and
1
are positive integers such that r +
) =
8
and x
-
y > 5, what is the value of r ?
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
(A)
I
(B) 2
(c)
4
(D)
6
(E)
7
4.
tr
P(O
=
k3
-
2ot2 + 3ook soo
7. A manufacturer estimates that if t units of a certain
tool are produced and sold, the total profit will be
P dollars, where P is defined above as a function
of t. Based on this estimate, the total profit of
producing and selling 30 such tools will be which
of the following?
$
r7,s00
$26,000
$35,s00
$,14,000
$s3,500
If a diameter of a circle has length 18 inches, what is
the area, in square inches, of the circle?
9x
l8z
36r
8lz
324r
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
8.
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
9. Kelly paid $60 last month to her health club and visited
the club at least once that month. If she visited the club
r times last month, what was her cost
Per
visit, in
dollars, in terms of r ?
(A) .t
(B) 6+r
(C) 60r
10. If .ro
=
2, what is the value of .x3n ?
(D)
+
6o
(E)
!q
(A) 4
(B) 6
(c) 8
(D) e
(E) l2
-11-
l2x+_r,l
>5
11. Which of the following points in the ry-plane
satisfies the inequality above?
(A) (-3,
-2)
(B) (-3,4)
(c) (0,
o)
(D) (4,
-4)
(E) (7,
-r0)
12. Gino bought 4 pounds of apples and 2.5 pounds of
peaches for a total of$8.40. Ifthe apples cost $1.20
per pound, the cost of the peaches per pound was how
much greater than the cost ofthe apples per pound?
$0.24
s0.27
$0.30
$0.3s
$0.44
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
-12-
13, In the figure above, 1 ll f and, mll n. Which of the
following expresses x in terms of y
and z ?
(A) y-z
(B)
)+z
90-y-z
180-)-z
s+
(D)
(E)
14. Of60 customers at a convenience store one moming,
l8 bought milk, 23 bought candy, and 26 bought a
newspaper. Each of these customers bought at least
one of these items, and none of those who bought milk
bought either of the other two items. How many of the
60 customers bought both candy and a newspaper?
(A)
2
(B)
7
(c) l0
(D) 16
(E) 18
15.
List 1: 2,3,4,5,6,7
List 2: 1,2,3,6,6,8
If, in the lists above, r is inserted in List I and 2-r
is inserted in List 2, then the new lists will have
equal medians. What is the value of x.?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(c) 4
(D) s
(E) 6
COMPUTER LAB USAGE
tit Znd 3id Lunch 4th 5th 6th
Computer Lab Periods
16. The line graph above shows the number of students in
the computer lab during seven periods on one school
day. Each of the students in the computer lab during
lunch was also in the lab during two of the other
periods. What is the maximum number of different
students who could have been in the computer lab on
that day?
(A) 156
(B) 148
(c) 132
(D) 124
(E) 116
26
-c
))
a"
E
EB
2t+
3
Er0
z6
0
/
I
/
I
17. In the figure above, LPQR has a height of 12.
The triangle is to be completely divided into smaller,
congruent nonoverlapping triangles, each similar to
LPQR and each with a height of 4. How many of the
smaller triangles will there be?
(A) 6
(B) e
(c) t2
(D) ls
(E) l8
How many positive 4-digit integers are divisible by 5
and have their hundreds digit equal to 8 ?
18.
(A) 90
(B) 120
(c) 180
(D) le0
(E) 2N
-13-
2pr:2ar]2
2
19. If x is an integer such that 2 < x < 8, and a triangle
has sides of length 2,7, and x, how many possible
values are there for x ?
(A) One
(B) Two
(C) Three
(D) Four
(E) Five
STOP
lf you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other sectaon in the test.
-14-
20. lf x *
1
,
,'r, -
1,
which of the following could
.rI
be true l
I.x>)
II. x<y
III. x
=.r'
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and III only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
NO TEST MATERIAL ON THIS PAGE
-'t 5-
25. Some artists who leave their native countries call
themselves emigrants rather than exiles because
they want to show that their departuie was --:--.
(A) forcible (B)
dramatic (C) voluntary
(D) particular (E) inrricate
26, The word "snowflake" can refer to either a single ice
crystal, a small cluster of ice crystals, or a large
-----
lormed when such clusters -----
(A) classification.. separate
(B) aggregation .. cohere
(C)
dimension . . disperse
(D) accumulation.. melt
(E)
solution . . collect
27. She knew that anything done
-----
rather than openly
was likely to arouse the suspicions of her supedors.
(A)
ingenuously (B)
sureptitiously
(C)obsaeperously (D)
scrupulously
(E)
habitually
28. The actor was ------- to ------- even when offstage: he
indulged in theatrical displays of emotion almost all
the time.
(A)
averse . . dramatics
(B) given. . equanimity
(C) prone . . histrionics
(D)
immune..exhibitionism
(E) partial .. dispassion
29. Since she was unaccustomed to playing
----
role
at school board meetings, Marge did not ------- when
asked to take the microphone and voice parents,
concerns.
(A)
a submissive.. acquiesce
(B)
a confrontational .. reciprocate
(C)
an auxiliary . . exult
(D)
apassive.. balk
(E)
apublic..demur
SECTION 3
Time
-
25 minutes
24
Questions
(2s-4E)
Directions: For each question in this section, sele.t the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the conesponding
circle on the answer sheet.
Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank
indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath
the sentence are fiye words or sets of words labeled A
through E. Choose the word or set of words that, when
inserted in the sentence,
bgst
fits the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Exarnple:
Hoping to
----
the dispute, negotiators proposed
a compromise that they felt would be
----
to both
labor and management.
(A) enforce . . useful
(B) end.. divisive
(C) overcome . . unatfi-actiye
(D) extend . . satisfactory
(E)
rcsolve . . acceptable
@@o@a
-1&
@
@
The passages below are fotlowed by questions based on tbeir contenti questions foltowing a pair of related passages may also
be bised on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is
51419{
or imolied in the
passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Line
J
Questions
30-33 are based on the following passages.
Passage I
While henna body art, or mehndi, as it is called in
lndia, is a tradition that reaches back to ancient Egypt,
it is reassuring to know that as an art form it is temporary,
usually lasting about a week or two. The intricate designs
are part of the celebration of life's hansformations:
puberty, marriage, childbirth, and so on. Some women
think of mehndi hke a force field during times when they
are panicularly vulnerable. Despite its ransience, mehndi is
a deeply connective and intimate art not only io its physical
application but also in the exchanges that occur between
women as they celebrate each new stage of life by
decorating one another.
Passage 2
Recently, Hollywood celebrities have been wearing
mehndi.lt appeals as a way of altering and staining the
body without the long-term effect of tattoos. The temporary
nature of this art form suits Hollywood's momentary
obsessions. The purposeful disassociation of rneirdi from
its history, culture, and ethnicity makes its appropriation
easier, less anxious, for those who mark their bodies using
this method of beautification. Such a detaching functions to
wash and leach away the
yery
traditions in which mehndi is
steeped. hs
"discovery"
by pop culture icons has simplified
its meaning, glamorizing its aesthetic qualities above all
others.
30. The attitude of the author of Passage I toward the
"exchanges" described in lines 10-12 is one of
(A) dismay
(B) suspicion
(C) uncertainty
(D) amusement
(E) appreciation
31. The author of Passage I would most likely consider
a person who focuses exclusiyely on fiet[di's
"aesthetic qualities" (line 23, Passage 2) to be
(A) missing other significant aspects of it
(B) gaining an intimate appreciation ofit
(C) seeking to become a practitioner of it
(D) connecting meaningfulty with other people
(E) worrying too much about cultural traditions
32. The authors ofboth passages would most likely agree
that mehndi is
(A) not
just
a decorative art but also a cultural
phenomenon
(B) not widely known outside of India and Egypt
(C) used not only by women but also by men
(D) a recently invented and popular type of body art
(E) no longer a temporary method of beautification
33. Compared with the oyerall tone ofPassage l.
the overall tone of Passage 2 is more
(A) celebratory
(B) satisfied
(C). indifferent
(D) cdtical
(E) pompous
t5
-17-
@
@
Lin"
5
Questions
34-40 are based on the following passage.
The passage is adapted
from
a I 998 book by a science
joumalist.
Mathematics is a way of thinking that can help make
muddy relationships clear. It is a language that allows us
to translate the complexity of our world into manageable
pattems. In a sense, it works like tuming off the houselights
in a theater, the better to se a moyie. Certainly something
is lost when the lights go down; we can no longer see the
faces of those around us or the inlaid patterns on the
ceiting. But we gain a far better view of the subject at hand.
Mathematics can function as a telescope or a
microscope, as a sieve for sorting out the signal fiom the
noise, as a way of seeking and validating truth. It can take
us into the core of a star, predict the outcome of an election,
or tell us the result of pumping carbon dioxide into our
atmosphere for hundreds of years. Math allows us to see
otherwise invisible pattems and connections, It has
revealed hidden trends (population changes), new kinds
of matter (quarks and antimatter), and crucial conelations
(between human behaviors and the incidence of disease).
It does all this by exposing the bare bones of a situation,
allowing us to overcome the commonsense notions that so
often lead us askay. Math strips off the coverings and gets
right down to the skeleton. What is going on undemeath
that accounts for what we see on the surface?
The unfotding story of the universe is a history of
finding hidden connections. The nature of light was
discovered when a certain number (the speed of tight) kept
popping out of equations linking electricity to magnetism.
Light was revealed to be an electromagnetic fluctuation-
and this understanding then allowed experimenters to look
for others of the same species. For example, we leamed that
radio signals, like light, are electromagnetic waves-they
just
vibrate more slowly than visible light, and the eye dos
not detect them. And so on. Math produces a quite literal
expansion of consciousness. It allows us to apPrchend more
of our world.
Since mathematics is so good at exposing truth, it's
curious how often it is used to
perpetuate misunder-
standings and lies. Math has power because we give more
weight to numben than we do to words. "Figures often
mislead people," says one mathematician. "There's no
shame in that: words can mislead as well. The problem
with numbers is our tendency to treat them with some
degree of awe, as if they are somehow more reliable than
words. This belief is wholly misplaced." Too often, we
view mathematics as an objective line of argument that will
rescue us from the uneasiness of ambiguity. If only we put
things in terms ofnumbers, we hope, perhaps truth will out.
But math can also articulate ambiguity---or even falsehood.
And it was a mathematical theorem, after all, that proved
50 that some truths cannot be reached at all by the road of pure
logic.
34. In the first paragmph, "faces" and "inlaid patterns"
(line
71 represent that which is
(A)
manageable and comprehensible
(B)
not of primary interest
(C)
too complex to study
(D)
of little concem to nonmathematicians
(E) worthy of examination
35. In the first paragraph, "the subject at hand" (line 8) is a
(A)
face
(B)
lieht
(C) theater
(D) movie
(E) telescope
36. Lines 9-l I
("Mathematics . . . noise") are notable for
their use of
(A) parody
(B) understatement
(C) simile
(D) hypothetical musing
(E) historicalallusion
37. Lines I I - l8 ("It can . . . disease") serve chiefly to
provide
(A) new evidence
(B) conflicting data
(C) diverse examples
(D) scientific predictions
(E) creative solutions
38. The third paragraph (lines 24-35) functions
primarily to
(A) define the concept of electromagnetic
fluctuation
(B) compare the nature oflight to that ofradio
signals
(C) criticize the mathematics used in an important
discovery
(D) conhast two kinds ofscientific inquiries
(E) show the power of mathematics to reveal truth
t5
-18-
@
@
39. The primary function of the sentence in lines 36-38
("Since...lies")isto
(A) describe a process
(B) provide a transition
(C) justify an action
(D) reiterate an argument
(E) resolYe a contradiction
40. The author's primary purpose in the passage is to
(A) reflect on the imporlance of mathematics to
human understanding
(B) encourage more widespread study of mathematics
(C) show how mathematics determines political
outcomes
(D) chronicle the history of mathematics as a
discipline
(E) challenge the claim that mathematics is often
misused
-19-
@
@
Line
5
l5
Questions
41-,18 are based on the following passage.
This passage
is adapted.from a ZNt novel. Mr. Hosokara
is a Japanese business executive who travels
frequmtly
and ofien requires the services ofa translator.
When he was younger, Mr. Hosokawa saw the great
advantage of languages. When he was older he wished he
had made the commitment to leam them. The translators!
They were ever changing, some good, some futl of
schoolboy stiffness, some utterly, hopelessly stupid. Some
could hardly speak their native Japanese and continually
halted conversations to look up a word in the dictionary.
There were those who could perform theirjob well enough
but were not the sofl of people one wished to travel with.
Some would abandon him the moment the final sentence
of a meeting was completed, leaving him stranded and
speechless if funher negotiations were necessary. Others
were dependent, wanting to stay with him through every
meal, wanting to accompany him on his walks and recount
for him every moment of their own lusterless childhoods.
What he went through
just
for a mouthful of French,
a few clear sentences of English. What he went through
before Gen.
Gen Watanabe had been assigned to him at a
conference in Greece on the worldwide distribution
of goods. Normally, Mr. Hosokawa ried to avoid the
surprise element local aanslators so often provided, but
his secretary had been unable to locate a Greek translator
who could travel on short notice. During the plane ride to
Athens, Mr. Hosokawa did not talk with the two senior vice
presidents and thrce sales managers who accompanied
him on the trip. Instead, he listened to Mada Callas sing
a collection of Greek songs on his headset, thinking
philosophically if the meeting was unintelligible to him
at least he would have seen the country she considered her
home. After waiting in line to have his passport stamped and
his luggage rifled thrcugh, Mr. Hosokawa saw a young man
holding a sign, I/osokawa, r,eatly lettercd. The young man
was Japanese, which, frankly, was a relief. It was easier
to deal with a countryman who knew a litde Greek than a
Greek who knew a little Japanese. This translator was tall.
His hair was heavy and long in the front and it brushed
across the top rims of his small round glasses even as he
tried to keep it pafied to one side. He appeared to be quite
young. It was the hair. The hair denoted to Mr. Hosokawa
a lack of seriousness, or perhaps it was
just
the fact that
the young man was in Athens rather than Tokyo that
made.him seem less serious. Mr. Hosokawa approached
him, gave the stightest bow of acknowledgment that only
included his neck and upper shoulders, a gesture that said,
You have found me.
The young man reached forward and took Mr. Hosokawa's
briefcase, bowing as he did so to the waist. He bowed
seriously, though somewhat less deeply, to both of the vice
presidents and the three sales managers. He introduced himself
as the translator, inquired after the comfort of the flight, gave
the estimated driving time to the hotel and the starting time
of the first meeting. Mr. Hosokawa heard something in this
young man's voice, something familiar and soothing. It was
not a musical voice, and yet it affected him like music. Speak
again. . . .
Over the next two days, everything Gen touched became
a smooth surface. He typed up Mr. Hosokawa's handwritten
notes,
(ook
care of scheduling, found tickets to an opera
that had been sold out for six weeks. At the conference he
spoke in Greek for Mr. Hosokawa and his associates, spoke
in Japanese to them, and was, in all matters, intelligent,
quick, and professional. But it was not his presence that
Mr. Hosokawa was drawn to; it was his lack of presence.
Gen was an extension, an invisible self that was constantly
anticipating his needs. He felt Gen would remember
whatever had been forgotten. One aftemoon during a
private meeting conceming shipping interests, as Gen
translated into Greek what he had
just
that moment said
himself, Mr. Hosokawa finally recognized the voice.
Something so familiar, that's what he had thought. It was
his own voice.
41. The passage focuses primarily on Mr. Hosokawa's
(A) goals as a business executive
(B) attitude toward international travel
(C) desire to learn French and English
(D) appreciation of Gen's skills
(E) resentment of Gen's influence
42. In context, the attitude expressed in the statement
"The translatorsl"
(line
3) is best described as one of
(A)
affection
(B) nostalgia
(C)
exasperation
(D) bitterness
(E) alarm
43. Lines 4-t5 ("They . . . childhoods") are best
described as a
(A) series of excuses
(B) list of proposals
(C) litany of complaints
(D) summary of injustices
(E)
recitation of responsibilities
-20-
@
@
44. ln the context of the passage as a whole, the lirst
paragraph (lines 1- 18) serves primarily to
(A) state the narrator's view of the main characters
(B) introduce a criticism of language education
(C) reveal the location for the story that follows
(D) prepare the reader for a significant contrast
(E) demonstrate the scale of a social problem
45. Which best characterizes the way in which the third
paragraph is presented (lines 47-56) ?
(A)
A detached observer reports a variety of factual
data.
(B) A satirical commentator mocks some formal
actions.
(C) An objective account is followed by a subjective
reaction.
(D) An exaggerated description is qualified by the
narator.
(E) An imagined event parallels actual ongoing
events.
,16.
ln tine 55, the na[ator refers to "music" in order to
(A) praise the mellow tones of Gen's voice
(B) convey the nature of Mr. Hosokawa's reaction
(C) note the shared interests of two characters
(D) evoke Mr. Hosokawa's experience on the flight
(E) characterize Gen's determination to be pleasant
47. The metaphorical expression in lines 57-58
("everything . . . surface") most directly indicates
that Gen
(A) effectively handled many tasks
(B) leamed how to explain Greek customs
(C) meddted in everyone else's concerns
(D) won over those who were suspicious of him
(E) anticipated a series ofunusual
problems
48. In context, the description in lines 65-66
("Gen was . . . needs") presents Gen as if he
(A) were an invention of Mr. Hosokawa's imagination
(B) were more secretiYe than Mr, Hosokawa preferred
(C) resembled Mr. Hosokawa physically
(D) saw himself as an equal to Mr. Hosokawa
(E) had access to Mr. Hosokawa's thought
processes
lf you linish before time is called,
you may check
your work on this section only'
Do nol turn to any other section in the test'
STOP
-21-
@
@
NO TEST MATEBIAL ON THIS PAGE
-22-
Dirtctions: This sec(on contains two types of questions. You have 25 minutes to complete both tyPes. For questions 2l-28,
solve each problem and decide which is'tle best of the choices given. Fill in the conesponding circle on the answer sheet.
You may use any available space for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is permitted.
2. All numbers used are real numbers.
-l
3. Figures that accompany problems in this test are intended to provide informadon useful in solving the problems.
3l
They are drawn as accuraely as possible EXCEPT when it is stated in a specific problem that the figure is not
zl
drawn to scale. All figures Iie in a plane unless otierwise indicated.
4. Unless otherwise specified, the domain of any function
/
is assumed to b tJIe set of all real numbers r for which
flx)
is a real number.
SECTION 4
Time
-
25 minutes
18
Questions
(2r-3E)
22. In the figure above, lines I and m intersect at a point.
what is the Yalue of r ?
(A) 40
(B) 50
(c) 60
(D) 70
(E) 80
EIG Afl
i
.v
b
t
2l
l=ri,
A= lw a=)rtn v= luh
{l
f,e numue, of Oegrees ol'arc in a circle is .160.
gI
The.urn of the measures in deerees ol lhe anglcsol a lri
,3,
V
=
7rr2h
,5
2r
*'N
arfis
c2
=
a2 + b2
Special Right'triangles
is 180.
21. lf x --
2 and
1' = -1,
what is the value of 6r
-
5,v ?
(A)
-16
(B)
-7
(c) 7
(D) ll
(E) t'7
-23-
E
E EI
23, On a number line, the distance between the numberu
and 0 is the same as the distance between n2 and 0.
Which of the following could be the value of n ?
(A)
*2
(B)
-1
(o
-+
(D)
2
(E)
2/. In the figure above, nOl lt and ael fO.
is the area of square FBCE ?
(A)
9
(B) t2
(c) 16
(D)
20
(E)
25
Whar
-24-
25. lf az + b2
=
20 and al,
=
8. what rs the
yalue
of
k*,bl'
?
AD
(A) 1.5
(B) 2.5
(c) 3.s
(D)
4.5
(E)
s.5
n!
O
()
(h
()
z
EstimatedYear of Birth
26. Each of 25 students was shown the same photograph
of a person and was then asked to estimate the year the
person was born. The graph above shows the estimates.
What percent of the students estimated a year of birth
before 1992 ?
24Vo
32Vo
44?o
567o
767o
27. lt the ry-plane, which of the followinf is a point on the
line that passes through the origin and is perpendicular
?
totheline
!=:x-l?
(-i'-')
(-i,')
(i,
,)
(+,-,)
(i,,)
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
)
I
t 1942 t993 1994
28. The figure above shows a solid formed by
joining the
bases of two square pyramids to opposite faces of a
cube. Ifeach edge ofthe solid has length 5 inches'
what is the total surface area, in square inches, ofthis
solid?
(A) 100 + 25.6 (approximately 143.3)
(B) 100 + 50J5
(approximately 186.6)
(C) 150 + 25J5 (approximately 193.3)
(D) 200.
(E) 150 + 50J3 (approximately 236.6)
-25-
E ![
Directions for Student-Produced Response
Questions
Each of the remaining 10 questions re4uires you to solve the problem and enter your answer by marking the circles
in the special grid, as shown in the examples below. You may use any available space for scratch work.
Ana*"r,
,1
Answer: 2.5
Write answer ---r
in boxes.
Grid in
--+
result,
.
Mark no more than one circle in any column.
.
Because the answer sheet will be machine-
scored, you will receive credit only if the circles
are filled in correctly.
.
Although not required, it is suggested that you
write your answer in the boxes at the top of the
columns to help you fill in the circles accurately.
o
Some problems may have more than one correct
answer. ln such cases, grid only one answer
.
No question has a negative answer
I
o
Mixed numbers such as .1, must be gridded a\
3.5 or 7 /2.(,f
n;l.;lrl
is-gridded. it wiu be
..1I I
rnterpreted as
7
, not
-.i
r.
)
is correct.
Decimal
poinr
NOlSi
You may start your
answers
in any column, space permitting.
Columns not needed should be left
blank.
. Dclmel Answers: Ifyou obtain a decimal answer
with more digits than the grid can accommodate,
it may be either rounded or truncated, but it must
fill the entire grid. For example, if you obrain
an answer such as 0.6666..., you should record
your result as .666 or .667. A less accurat value
such as .66 or .67 will be scored as incorrect.
)
Acceptable ways to grid
j are:
Fraction
line
Answer: 201
29. If 2 is added to 4 times a certain number, the result
is 26. What is the number?
30. As a car salesman, each week Ted eams $250
plus
I percent of the selling price of each of the cars he
sells. One week he sold three cars with selling prices
of
$15,000, $22,500, and $25,000. How much money,
in dollars, did Ted earn that week as a car salesman?
(Disregard
the $ sign when gridding your answer.)
-26-
31. The lengths of the sides of a triangle are 10, x,
and -r. If the perimeter of the triangle is 24, what
is the value of x ?
27,9,3,...
32. The first term ofthe sequence above is 27, and each
term after the frst is equal to
]
of the preceding term.
What is the 6th term of the sequence?
33.
RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF COLLEGE MAJORS
English
Math
History
E
=
lostudents
!
=s
students
In a survey, 120 college students each indicated their
major, and the results are shown in the pictogram
above. If a student fiom the group is chosen at random,
what is the probability that the student is a history
major?
34. rf 9, what does x-2 equal? 3+1=
x
-27-
4nnlr4lnnu4
l 4rr
VVMM
35. A fan is made by gluing tissue paper to seven bamboo
sticks that are
joined
at one point. The figures above
show the nearly closed fan at the left and the fully
opened fan on the right. When fully opened, the fan
forms a semicircle. lf rhe fan is opened ro
f
of the iull
semicircle and the angles formed between consecutive
bamboo sticks are equal, what is the degree measure of
one of these angles? (Disregard
the degree symbol
when gridding your answer.)
36. If x and
,y
are two different numbers selected from
the integers from 500 to 1000, inclusiye, what is the
greatest possible
va;gs 1q1
jj-l
r
.{- I'
STOP
lf you
finish belore time is called, you
may check your
wo.k on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section in the test.
-24-
37. The fourpoints A(-2, n), B(-1,2n), C(a,k),
and D(3. l) lie in the x)'qqs1(inate plane. lf AB
and CD are opposite sides of parallelo gram ABCD
and 2 < n < 4, what is one possible value of t ?
3E. Two functions;f and g are defined by
f(r) =
*2 + bx + c and g(*)
=
or2 +b-r + c, where
a, b, and c are constants. If
/(5) =
0 anO g(5)
=
50,
what is the value of a ?
NO TEST MATERIAL ON THIS PAGE
-29-
SECTION 5
Time
-
30 minutes
39
Questions
(1-3e)
Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the co[esponding
circle on the answer sheet.
The following sentences test corectness and effectiveness
of expression. Part of each sentence or the entire sentence
is underlinedl beneath each sentence are five ways of
phrasing the underlined material. Choice A repeats the
original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If
you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence
than any of the altematives, select choice A; if not, select
one of the other choices.
ln making your selection, follow the requirements of
standard wrilten EnEllishl that is. pay attention to grammar.
choice of words, sentence construction, and punctuation.
Your selection should result in the most effective
sentence--clear and precise, without awkwardness or
ambiguity.
EXAMPLE:
Laura Ingalls Wilder published her first book
and she was sixty-five
!,ears
old then.
(A) and she was sixty-five years old then
(B) when she was sixty-five
(C)
at age sixty-fiYe years old
tD) upon lhe reaching of sixty-five years
(E) at the time when she was sixty-five
@oo@@
l. The Moon, which is Earth's only satellite. moving
in an orbit that increases yearly.
(A) satellite, moving
(B) satellite, moves
(C) satellit, it moves
(D) satellite and moves
(E) satellite and is moving
3.
Takashi Murakami and Jasper Johns are an excellent
examgle of artists which have incorporated images
from popular culture into their works.
(A) an excellent example of artists which have
(B) an excellent example ofan artist who has
(C)
excellent examples of artists who have
(D) excellent examples ofan anist who has
(E)
excellent examples of how artists
One automobile manutacturer has proposed installing
a device in its cars that would allow parents to control
the maximum speed at which their children can drive.
(A) manufacturer has proposed
(B) manufacturer, which has proposed
(C) manufacturer, having proposed
(D) manufacturer. who has proposed
(E) manufacturer have proposed
Some people find orange
juice
a more stimulating
morning beverage than drinking coffee.
(A) drinking coffee
(B) if they drank coffee
(C)
to drink coffee
(D) is coffee
(E) coffee
-30-
5. When there is a vacancy on the Supreme Court, the
president nominates a new
justice,
and the Senate
votes either to approve or they do not approve the
nomination.
(A) they do not
(B) it does not
(C) do not
(D) does not
(E) not to
When archaeologists unearth delicate wooden artifacts,
thy Eeat them with polyethylene glycol. a waxlike
substance@
porous materials.
(A) that permeates, hardens, and preserves
(B) for permeating, hardening, and to preserve
(C) to permeate, harden, and it preserves
(D) it permeates, hardens, and preserves
(E) permeates, hardens, and preserves
Guitarists Jimi Hendrix and Roben Fripp shook teft
hands when they first met not because both were left-
handed but Hendrix had his right arm in a sling.
(A) Hendrix had his right arm
(B) Hendrix's right arm was
(C) from Hendrix having his dght arm
(D) because Hendrix's right arm was
(E) because ofHendrix's right arm being
8. Inspired by a love of birds, Nancy Yi Fan
has begun to write her novel Swordbird when
she was in the tifth grade.
(A) has begun to write
(B) had began writing
(C) begun to write
(D) began writing
(E) begins to write
9. New Guinea. the world's second-largest island located
iust north of Ausralia.
(A) New Guinea, the world's second-largest island
located
just
north of Australia.
(B) New Guinea, the world's second-largest island,
being located
just
nonh of Australia.
(C) New Guinea, the world's second-largest island,
is located
just
nonh of Australia.
(D) The world's second-largest island is New Guinea,
it is located
just
nonh of Australia.
(E) Located
just
north of Australia is New Guinea,
it is the world's secondJargest island.
10. Since its publication in 1964, Up the Down Staircase.
a novel based on author Bel Kaufman's experiences
teaching in New York City pubtic schools, have sold
more than six million copies.
(A) have sold
(B) has sold
(C) sold
(D) selling
(E) which sold
1
-31-
6.
11. Bob Marley wrote "Redemption Song" in the late
1970s, inspired by a speech Marcus Garvey had gave
40 years earlier.
(A) by a speech Marcus Garvey had gave'
(B) by a speech Marcus Garvey has given
(C) by a speech Marcus Garvey had given
(D) from a speech Marcus Garvey gave
(E) from a speech given by Marcus Garvey
12. A regressive tax is when a tax imposes a heavier
burden on low-income taxpayers than on high-income
taxpayers.
(A) when a tax
(B) where the tax
(C) a tax where it
(D) one that
(E) if it
13. Although medieval abbess Hildegard of Bingen
wrote theological, botanical, and medical texts,
it is her musical compositions that have received
the most recognition.
(A) it is her
(B) there was her
(C) they are her
(D) but it is her
(E)
her
14. Making its return to the inner solar system after
a 7 6-year absence, Chinese astronomers observed
Hallev's Comet in 240 n c
p'
(A) Chinese astronomers observed Halley's Comet
in 240 s.c.s.
(B) it was Chinese astronomers who in 240 s.c.e.
observed Halley's Comet.
(C) observations of Halley's Comet were made
by Chinese astronomers in 240 s.c.E.
(D) Halley's Comet was observed by Chinese
astronomers in 240 s.c.B.
(E) in 240 B.C.E. Chinese astronomers observed
Halley's Comet.
15. During the Second World War was when the
United States formed the Office of Strategic Services,
the precursor of the Central Intelligence Agency.
(A) War was when
(B) War, that was when
(C) War, when
(D) War, which
(E) War,
16. In one scene, Nike, the ancient Greek goddess of
victory, alights on a ship, her wings are outspread.
with her sarments rioolins in the wind.
(A) her wings are outspread, with her garments
rippling
(B) her wings are outspread, her garments ripple
(C) her wings outspread and her garments rippling
(D) she has outspread wings and garments that ripple
(E) whose wings are outspread and her garments
rippling
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17. The fashion writer walked into a boutique and, seeing
the latest styles on display, it reminded her of the
colorful dresses that Frida Kahlo had worn more than
50 years earlier.
(A) it reminded her
(B) they reminded her
(C) which reminded her
(D) were reminded
(E) was reminded
18. One of the students collected specimens of plants
native to her region that were then labeled and
arranged by her in a display case.
(A) region that were then labeled and arranged by her
(B) region that she then labeled and arranged them
(C) region and labeling them and arranging them
(D) region, labeled them, and arranged them
(E) region, then she labeled and arranged them
Her poetry. most of which is about the birds and other
animals she encounters on her daily walks, give the
illusion of being composed in the language of everyday
conversation.
(A) poetry, most of which is
(B) poeky, most of it being
(C) poety, which is mostly
(D) poems, most of them are
(E) poems, most of which are
The Irish author Samuel Beckett originally wrote his
most famous play, Waiting
for
Godot, in French. but
one might assume it to be English.
French, but one might assume it to be
French, not, as one might assume, in
French. however, one might assume he wrote
it in
French: although one might assume it u as
Frenchl despite the assumption that it was
written in
19.
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
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The following sentences test your ability to recognize
grammar and usage errors. Each sentence contains either
a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more
than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined
and lettered. If the sentence contains an error. select the
one underlined part that must be changed to make the
sentence correct. If the sentence is correct. select choice E.
In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard
written English.
EXAMPLE:
The other delegates and him immediately
C
accepted the resolution drafted by the
D
neutral states. No error
@o@@@
21. The outcome of the 1960 debatebetween Kennedy
--A-
and Nixon, the first United States presidential debate
ever televised, was determined not only by what
--_-T-._-__-e-
the candidates said but how did they look on camera
No error
:
ts
People have been launching objects into space for
AB
more than 50 years, thereby created a kind of
C
orbiting junkyard
around Earth. No error
DE
23, Largely self-taught, composer Heitor Villa-Lobos
A
traveled widely as a young man, learning local
musical styles not only in his native Brazil and also
D
in Caribbean nations. No error
E
Her fiction was so uproarious funny that people
A
were often surprised, upon meeting her, to discover
BC
that she was quite serious and reserved. No error
DE
25. Leaders ofthe Northern Arapaho nation hopes
to preserve Arapaho traditions by establishing
BC
a school where children are taught in the
D
Arapaho language. No error
E
26. At a recent public meeting, town residents
complained that the mayor should of devoted
AB
more thought to how the city's operation of
C
C
24.
)',
a municipal incinerator
environment. No error
E
affect the local might
D
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