PIU ral f ormation

ln Column A of this table there are 25 nouns relating to medicine. For each of the nouns
decide whether the correct plural form is in Column B or Column C-and then circle it..
The first question
has been done for you as an example.
r:}
Column A Column B Column C
--'-----\
t1.
l:
t;:
ls
l:
lB
le.
I
,o
lrr
t,,
I
13.
i
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
71 .
22
23.
24.
25.
stratu m
foot
fibula
glomerulus
a bscess
joint
bulla
testis
septum
oesophagus
diag nosis
h u merus
syrin g e
acetabulum
larva
chorda
va rix
funEus
gan g lion
vi Ilu s
atrium
pons
OVUM
bout
cortex
stratu ms
foots
fibulae
glomerulae
abscesses
l_ointes
-
-bullae
testises
septa
oesop haguses
diagnoses
h u meruses
syringes
aceta b u la
la rvae
chordas
va rices
fungi
ga n g lions
vilii
atria
pontes
ovUms
bcuts
corteres
( strata
-r-e-o-
fibulas
glomeruli
a bscessi
jo
ints
b u !las
testes
septu rns
oesophagi
d iag nosises
h u rneri
syrin gae
acetabulurns
la rvi
chordae
va rixi
funguses
ga n glia
viliae
atriunns
po nses
ova
boutae
rnrtirac
LVI Lt\-\-J
i
I
i
4
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Medical Terms (0 7,136 7603 5).
Word formation:
verbs
Exercise 1.
The words listed in the table below are nouns. What are the verb forms of these nouns?
The first question has been done for you as an example.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a buse
admission
ba n dage
blood
breath
coagu lation
consultation
conva lesce nce
f ertilisation
identif ication
imnrunisation
implant
rna ceraiion
management
OCC U TTENCC
abuse
il
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21 .
22.
23,
24.
persp iration
preparation
provision
rea bso rption
regeneration
reg istration
reg u rg itation
reh a b ilita tio n
rep rod uction
res uscitation
sedation
stannrner
stitch
suppression
sweat
6.
7.
B.
9.
i0.
i1.
12.
1?
IJ,
14.
15.
?q
26.
27.
28.
29.
3A
Exercise 2.
choose ten verbs from Exercise 1 and wriie
correct form of each verb in the colurnn on
sentences. cover up the right-hand column
a test. Fcr example:
a sentence below for each one. Write the
the right and ieave gaps for ihe verbs in the
and give the sentences to another student a:
1.
Z.
4.
(
.).
7.
B
n
3
6.
i0
with her local GP
B
For reference see A & C Black Dictianary of Medica! Terrns (0 7136 7603 5).
Adjectives
1
Complete the sentences using the
first cne has been done for you as
adjectives in the box.
an example,
Use each adjective once only. The
2.
3
4.
This is a sofe painkiller,
with no harmful side-effects.
Some mushroorns are good to eat and some are
The surgeons are trying to find a donor with a
The surgeon decided that the cancer was
B.
7.
6.
5
The tests detected
The serurn rnakes the poison
A
-
outbrea k
Oid people
can easily become
Catatonic patients
can sit
blood group.
if inhaieci.
tendency to reject transplanted organs.
diabeies mellitus.
of rn"hooping
cough occurred durinE the winter.
if they are moved from their homes.
for hours.
to vascuiar ciiseases.
of what is happeninq arounC hei-.
vury
These fumes ai'e
The body has an
9.
10.
11.
i5
16,
17.
12. Don't touch food rr,,ith dirty hancis: it isn,t
13 All the mernbers cf the family are
14. She is not
Thp hnnoq nf : h
=h,,'.
. I rv vvr rLJ \,,t L/ LJ(JL/y )
Cholera spread rapidly
He was
He was advised to make
This strain of flu is highly
He became
clr,,ll
-,-^
JNUII CjIE
because of the
conditions in the town.
1B
after his exam results.
visits to the dentist
after shouting too much.
19
2A.
aware compatible conf used delicate depressed
inactive inborn incipient infectious inoperable
motion less poisonous ri
predisposed
regular
h o.r rse hyg ien ic
insanitary lethal
se+e severe
For reference see A & c Black Dictionary af Medical Terms (0 7136 7603 5).
11
Adjectives 2
Complete the sentences using the adjectives in the box. Use each adjective once only. The
first one has been done for you as an example.
acute bedridden
inf lamed latent
critical deaf depressed excessive
,,
hrrmf u I inf irm
le+ha+
nobile
obsessive painful persistent prernature
,*1
severed'' subjective tender viable
These fumes are lethol if inhaled.
3.
tr
J.
6.
B.
9.
The report was
She had a
The psychiatrist gave a
h /l',
^--^-l{-#[- ^-
:^
^,
, i+^
rvry ytoilutdLilct t) LlutLe
The skin has become
His foot is so
A fetus is
14 He is
i
q
l-hrt ,-iril.Jr-nn r,air1 i'i 1',1 .i,-'.^J {,-r-
I J. t I i\- \-r !irL,li \-l MtlU LLJLCLj iL,,i
16. He has an
of the state of aftercare provision.
cough.
4. opinion on the patien ['s problem.
IIUVV.
1 l+ i- i,-^Ar+a^+ {^-
^l-J^-1.
+i^^+- +^
ir is iiilporranr ior eraeily paiieni5 io i-ei^narn
a rou n d the sore.
he can hardiy walk.
by about the Z8th week of the pregnancy.
;ricj lias to be lcoked after by a nurse.
desire to steal snrail objects.
10. You have to speak slowly and clearly when you soeak to [4rJones because he's qui[e
'1
1 . The baby was bont five weeks
12. The patient \"^/as
passing
1 3. He felt
quantities of urine.
chest pains.
17. Her shoulders are still
'!
B. Surgeons tried to se,"rl the
1 9. She was
where she got sunburnt.
finger back ontc the patient's hand.
for weeks after the death of her husband.
to your eyes.
12
TA Bright light can be
For reference see A & C Biack Didianary af h4edical Terms (0 7i36 7603 5).
Ve rbs
1
The sentences in Column A contain examples of useful verbs in medicine. ln Column B
there are definitions of the verbs. Read the examples and match the verbs (in
italrcs) with
the definitions' Then write the infinitive forms into the spaces in the deflnitions in Column
B. The first one has been done for you as an example.
I
1,
Column Examples
Column Def in itions
(
,-
7.
,I
C
ii.
After the accident the passengers
were treafed in hospital for cuts.
Nurses dressed the wounds of the
accident victims.
Fle spe cialises in children u/ith
hi-p,athinn nrnhlcrnc
Y Y'v.ut\-l,
rJ.
She suffers fronr headaches.
She was vaccinateC against smailpox
as a chilci
Sonne forriis of cancer cannot be
ct trarl
LU' L.\J.
The calanrine lotion will soofhe the
ra5h.
Th e docto r dft;snqss a ppen dicitis.
The doctor p,rescribeC
a course of
r,^:,1^,^+.^-
-ittti!trltil\ u:. rLrrr,viLtL-j_
Th^ .'irt trt,^i,.-!--,-.-:ra-,1r^ +i-
^
;-,.-^1. .,^
rrrc L;Ury )r;li_,;c::35
iile tl_-ly ,
natu ral instin ct tc r"eject the
transplanted
tissue.
The operation may enCange,r the tife
of the patient.
diognose
rneans to identify a
condition or illness, by exanrin ing the
perscn and noting symptonls
rxeans to to use medical
methods io cure a disease or help a
sick or injur"ed person to recover
I^
- ^
lri^-
r iedtLily
rneans to make Scrne(lne
rneans to put sonrecne or
sorxething at risk
means tc give insiruciions
for a pei-son to get a specific dosage
of a Crug or a specific fornr of
therapeutic treatmeni
means to stud;r or treat
cne particuiar
disease or one
particular t;rpe of paiient
means to have an illrress
fcr a lono period of tirne
v.r^1nr *^ -,-n^! - I i rEOr r: uL-l Li
=.-c
L G
i.Jcllwi
r
f.,= ."'"ld,ticn by cuttrng open the
bcc;r anC remc'",ing a part which is
diseased cr repe iring a
part
wh ich is
nct fu ltiirli-l i I q
coi-i-eciii,,
i,'i,lCiIi: ir-lit; r,
1-iS'-,r
:, 3C.;ii tll f r"Ci'
iJ it-iai<.e iite nocjy ci"teie iIS orvi-i
;iiiibcuies, so i:lakii^rE lhe pei-scit
iinrnune io the disease
means tc relieve pain
i^rtearis ic ciean a wcuild
aird put a ccvering cvei'it
i-neans to reciirce the
action of soinething ccrnpleteiy, e.E.
io rentcve a syinptcrn or io stop ihe
,'^l^
--^ ^{ -
l,
i eiUci5U u i ci nOi'niOne
d)
q)
h\
i il
a.\
x
r)
Y.
12.
j)
t,\
h./
t)
The surgeons
the only way
l;{^
litu.
decided
of saving
to operate as
the baby's
iffi
For reference see A & c Black Dictionary of Medical Terms (0 7136 7503 5),
d
d _-l
E-\
E
"J'
Verbs
2
The sentences in Column A contain examples of useful verbs in medicine. ln Column
B
there are definitions of the verbs. Read the examples
and match the verbs (in
italics)
with
the definitions. Then write the infinitive forms into the spaces in the definitions in Column
B. The first one has been done for you as an example.
fnll trYrn R. l'1n{i'ri+iA^-
svrstrra. v. vV, l ll ll Ll\Jl l)
3.
A
LL
l.
He was ednq#$el this rnorning.
The cancer is nct resp onding lo
dru gs.
l--le was still limping three weeks after
the accident.
Th.t r.i n-*^ r-
--,
,^
^t
:l^
-
ttr r I t .
dying of cencer.
The end of ihe brckeri bone has
pen ei afed th e Iiver.
The irew heart has perforrned
very
rnrail
The patient
lnras transferred
to a
rnnri-l ,.^ir
)i-'t-t lr'11 I jr lll
I 'tr
She fainfed rryhen she saw the blcod.
fhe surgeon
;-trab,eC the
,.n,cund
A
qr;
inpi
place to another
rneans to damage or h urt
someone or something
means to go ihroLrgh or
inro sonrelir ing
r-neans to make a hole
th rough sornething
il102 n< trr
IrJlv
inside of someihing
b)
tt
ii)
e)
5
C
L-l ,
1
inrtoctin:f a th^
,rry\-JLtyt-,lLL
Ltlq;
'r)
i^no:nc tn cf nrr r^,m
r r .uLrI lJ Lv J t t;lJ )\_, I I lgul lC
hurt oi'killed
fr-crn being
rllea
nS tO lVi i k a',",,;n:.r.,"/i i,J iv I I r\-(.ittJ t-L, Y\rrl ,, sr v,,!
because of pain, stiffness or
i'"naifcrrnation
of a leE or foot
nrl efli* rr-'\ornc tn,-^ni-*^-
- $urli,, I r rL.LrllJ L\-/ I uyl)Lcl o
.^
-
rl - ; ' I
pd Lrer lt til a nosptlal
Walking rc wcrk every day
,vl.ron,t
harnt ycrJ.
ir-ie3n_i [o stcp son-lething
fi"uin hapiienirirJ
sorneth ing cr tc begin to get better
because of a treatrnent
The ulce r frerfcrated the duodenurn.
rneans tC stop being
time an d,
conscious for a short
Lrsually, fall down
rneans to work
.
For reference see A & c Biack Dictionary of fv'ledica! Terms (0 7135 76c3 5).
t-.ll
5.
U
: 1 . Tire tr-e;t,lrsni :s niiii.n tn r-,,-i !r, ,. \.- r I L\- -J-r;
,:', ,.3,.1t
ih i'
ilai;
g
nI' 5 Cai-i r-i itir--,i-t i,-11n--r,I
:, I :,t C,
worse.
t^\
ll,
i0
12.
k)
Column A: Exa*fru,
.,i.
fr
li ieE
s&
Verbs: m ixed tenses
All the verbs in the box relate to medical matters. Use them to complete the sentences.
you
may have to change the forms of the verbs to fit the grammar
of the sentences.
(Remember
the five forms of English verbs - for example: take, takes, took, taken, iaking.)
The first question
has been done for you as an example
I arn going to vi-sit my bi"other in hospital.
5he her disabilities and now leads a normal tife.
After the accident her pelvis was completely
-l
I
L h-^ ha-
Jr tc tid)
several operations.
2
3
A
\
Thpff rnrt hin tnn f^ rnrnnl ,^ *l-^
^-;l tt rI \,rry L\Js L\J tct tt\JVC Ll lc lldil.
C
7.
She
A ihermomeier
Air is
her knee on the corner cf the ta ble.
temperature.
f rom ihe lungs when a person breathes out.
i.)
o.
ru.
o
iJis ai'nr is
so rn u ch he ca n
'i
wi'ite.
A nrinor cut will
fasrer if it is lefi
y,iiirout
a bandage.
ii
Ii
:-i-
- ^:-i
I rlc ylil
He
irer hanci ari a hoi l"i'iiin! ii-ii.
his asthnTa with a Dronchcdilator.
The patient's leg neecjs to be below the knee.
5he was by an insect.
The doctor asked how the patient
was
I L_
13
I /t
t$.
15
amputate bite bruisq, burn control expel freeze heal hurt
measure overcome progress rebuild undergo visit
;t a,q
For reference see A & C Black Didianary af Mediai Terms (0 7i36 7603 5).
Ph ra sa I ve rbs
Natural English conversation includes many phrasal
verbs. These are verbs made up of two
words: a verb and a preposition.
For exampre; 'r
get up at eight o,crock,. comprete the
sentences below using the phrasal
verbs in the box. You will have to change the forms of
some of the verbs to make the grammar
of the sentence correct. The first one has been
done for you as an example.
,{
He got over his cold.
The nurses are
her veiy well.
the disease when he was
JF
=
to cough
s rnucus from
U
a5
+
L
g
I
,a
int
Ch
I Lr(
)r
tt
LI
h
b
(-l
JI
ri
1
-)
L.
)
J.
A
*-
r
)
He nrust
trave llin g
h ave
in Af rica.
Siie often
in f rcnr of the TV
t I rl
vVhen we tcio ner inat her father rnras iil
qrhp
J tttl Jt tv
cL^
llle
anc crieri as she descr-ic,eci tiie
s-yn'rptonrs io the doctor.
I-J,r
I t\,
his father.
u p n'late ria I
the iungs or
lLrilL-/(]L
i
I
lcouEh
Up
=
to ccugh harC to expel
iu
rubsrance frcm the irachea
I
i
I
1
drop off
-
to fali asleep
I
I
I
I
g., araunC
=
to move aboui
I
I
i
i
g,t-srr
=
ic becor^ne beiter after
I-
j an iliness or a shcck
i
!Oive
up
=
not to do
-scr-nething any
i
more
I
i
^^
.J^,.,^ +^ i^ ^ --.,-.^ -. ..-fr-i
:ii,,r,
i 9r-,
tJ\-'t/l/
! !
=
LU l,,r CLUI I ig 1,, , ,,_,,ru r
I
I
I
! knock cuT
-
to hii scfireone so
I
j
t,ard thai he or she is no ioncer
:J
iconSctcuS
I
i
i
I
,
1
laok a.fter
=
to take care of a
j p.rson and attend to his or her
i needs
i
i
,0icp
LiP
=
ic suppoi-t a persoi-i,
e .Q.
niilnrn,c
HrirvvvJ
1
a
-Ih^
r.la-*n.
--1,^-J
Lt.^^ r-
I I t- r t! l! tt !r _:\Y !r ! r t!f rr r/1
., ru Jv!Lvi sJt\u\J lttt I ! (-L/
ir^,,.^-
r-tg VVcj)
Since she had the acrident she
rrr rtrho<
!r u L!, luJ.
|
'rnras
advised to
l--le was
5he becarne worried when
biood.
rN U CUS
r !\!J t; I
vJrl
'\,
r^rv.r^l.inn
.)rtl\i[\lt tU.
J
by a blouu to ih e head.
irie peiierit \,..i.,iIl't p iilcr,vs.
ihe girl starteci
10.
11
tt
17.
i 4 Tne syrsiiinc
15.
fixtems;sm
work with a partnei":
wriie a
pirrasai
verbs frorn this
!aCF
take after
-
to be like one oi-other
parent
lake off *
to i-ernove sorneiir iiic;
clothes es pecia lly
dialogLre wliicir inciudes at ieast seven oi iire
Ph rasa I verbs
break down
=
beccme upset
cry and
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Medicai Terms (0 7136 7503 5).
ei '--:'
tn
8i
rld
Pre pos it io n s
The sentences in this exercise contain mistakes. The mistakes are all in the prepositions
and there are three types:
1. missing preposition I spoke
^him
about this last wpek to
2. wrong preposition We're meeting again in
^Tuesday.
on
3. unnecessary preposition tlll telephone te you tomorrow.
Find the mistakes and correct them.
1. The hospital has installed new apparatus through the physiotherapy department.
7. Her lips were cracked of the cold.
3. The boy's little toe was crushed the door.
4. The tissue was examined on the nricroscope.
5. lt is important thai needles used ai injections should be sterilised.
6 He is recovering from a bout flu.
7. She was given to a pain-killing injection.
8. Some types of wooi can irritate to tne skin.
9. This report quotes the number of cases of cervical cancer from thousand patients tested.
10. The doctor put the patieni to sleep within a strong narcotic.
11. 5he burnt her hand at the hot frying pan.
12. We have no spare beds on the hospital at the moment.
13. He will have an operation to remove of an ingrowing toenail.
14. Please ensure that the patient takes of his medicine.
20
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Medical Terms (0 7135 7603 5).
sffi
f:::'::
f:=::
lnstru ments a nd eq u ipment
(-)
i.
2.
3.
4.
5.
.l --)
I L.
i3
14
15
b.
-
9
:ri
I \J.
-i .i
tl
Match each of the following instruments and items of equipment with its correct
description below. The first one has been done for you as an example.
bandage catheter curette drain forceps gag hook pipette
probe scalpel sling splint stethoscope stretcher
syringe thermometer tourniquet v+hedehy
wheglchair
=
a chair with whdels in which someone can sit and move around
=
a srnall sharp-pointed knife used in surgery
=
an instrument used to explore inside a cavity or wcund
=
a surgical instrument with handles like a pair of scissors, made in different sizes and
with differently shaped ends. used for holding and pulling
orga n
=
a surgical instrument like a long thin spoon, used for scraping the inside of an
=
a thin giass iube used fnr takinr: and
measui-ing samples of liquid
=
an instrument or tight bandage wrappeci rcund a limb to constrict an artery, so
reducing ihe flow of blood anci stopping bleeding from a wound
operations
=
a surgical insti-urileni wiih a bei-ii en'J use,J foi" holciirrQ sLr-uctui-es apari in
=
a iube used to remove liquid from ihe body
=
atr instrufirenI placed between the ieeth tc stcip iire nrouih from closing
=
3 ittedtcal instrument il'iarie of a tr-roe r,viih a 0l'.rn!eirrhich eithei sii.ies oc',r,i inside
tt'," trU., +ot.ing the contents out throuqh a needie as i,t an injection, or sii,les up Lhe lube,
allowing a Iiquid to be sucked into it
=
a piece of cioth whrch is wrapped around a wound or an injured linib
=
a iriangular bandage attached around the neck, used to support an injured arm and
prevent ii frorrr rnovinS
16
ti.
I
nl]nniIf
YLvyru
=
a folding bed, rarith handles, on urhich an injured person can be carried by two
=
a stiff support attached to a limb to prevent a broken bone from moving
=
two earpieces connected to a tube ancj a meial disc, used to listen to sounds made
inside the body
Extension. Work with a partner
and test each other. For example:
"What
do you call a
chair with wheels in which someone can sit and move around?"
1a
IU.
For reference see A & C BIack Dictionary of Medical Terms (0 7136 7603 5).
35