Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
DIVISION OF ILOCOS SUR
A MODULE ON THE AMAZING WONDERS OF SEEDS
(An Instructional Material for Grade 4)

Prepared by:
CECILIA L. PINES
Teacher I
Miramar Elementary School
Magsingal District
A MODULE ON THE AMAZING WONDERS OF SEEDS
(An Instructional Material for Grade 4)

Lesson 1- Changes in Fruits as the Mature
Lesson 2- !"ung an# Mature See#s
Lesson 3- Parts "$ a See#
Lesson 4- Stru%tures "$ See#s an# See# Dis&ersa'
Lesson - See# Ger(inati"n an# the Fa%t"rs A$$e%ting it
Lesson !- Stages in the Ger(inati"n "$ See#s
Prepared by:
CECILIA L) PINES
Mira(ar E'e(entar S%h""'
Magsinga' Distri%t
What is this M"#u'e a*"ut+
This odule is specially created for you to disco!er interesting facts and aa"ing
features about seeds# $ou %ill ta&e a closer loo& at a seed ' it(s a)or parts and the
function of each part# Then* you %ill do soe e+perients to obser!e and find out ho% a
seed gerinates* de!elops* and gro%s# $ou %ill also disco!er the different structures or
properties of soe fruits and seeds %hich help in seed dispersal#
This odule help you understand and appreciate the iportance of seeds* either
for food or for reproduction of plants#
The lessons in the odule are the follo%ing:
,# -hanges in .ruits as they Mature
/# $oung and Mature 0eeds
1# Parts of a 0eed
4# 0tructures of 0eeds and 0eed 2ispersal
3# 0eed Gerination and the .actors Affecting it
4# 0tages in the Gerination of 0eeds
What %an "u 'earn $r"( this ("#u'e+
A$ter stu#ing this ("#u'e, "u -i'' a*'e t".
,# Inculcate the iportance of seeds into an(s life#
/# 2ifferentiate young and ature fruits#
1# -opare young and ature seeds#
4# 5nuerate and illustrate the different parts of a seed#
3# 2iscuss the dispersal of seeds and the agents in!ol!ed %ith it#
4# 5+plain the process of seed gerination and the factors affecting it#
6# 2escribe the stages in the gerination of seeds#
7i &ids8 I( .roggy8
I %elcoe you all to y
9orld# I hope you %ill en)oy
$our )ourney as you study
this odule#
Good luc&8
:efore you start this odule* reeber the follo%ing:
Things t" Re(e(*er.
,# $ou should %or& independently#
/# Read and follo% the directions carefully#
1# Ans%er the ;uestions correctly#
4# <se the &ey to corrections to !erify your ans%ers#
3# 2o not %rite anything in this odule#
:efore you proceed to our lessons* I %ould li&e to &no% ho% %ell you &no% about
seeds# $ou %ill ha!e to ans%er the pre-test ;uestions that follo%#
Good luc&8
PRE/TEST
Dire%ti"ns. 5ncircle the letter of the correct ans%er#
,# The part of the seed that gro%s into a young plant is =========#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
/# It pro!ides food to the young plant#
a# seed coat b# ebryo c# endosper
1# 9hich of these seed is not a dicot#
a# santol b# corn c# papaya
4# 9hat protects the seed fro har or in)ury>
a# cotyledon b# testa c# radicle
3# 9hat part of the ebryo coes out first as it gerinates>
a# leaf b# ste c# hypocotyls
4# 9hich is a ripened o!ary>
a# seed b# fruit c# flo%er
6# 9hat happens to the o!ary after pollination>
a# it becoes larger b# it becoes saller c# it %ithers and dies
?# 9hat is unde!eloped young plant in the seed called#
a# cotyledon b# testa c# ebryo
@# Aside fro %ater* teperature and carbon dio+ide* %hat other factors are in!ol!ed in
seed gerination>
a# soil and light b# anials c# cold cliate
,A# 9hat conditions %ill you pro!ide to &e your seedlings healthy>
a# enough air* good soil
b# enough air* soil and sunlight
c# enough air* soil* %ater* teperature and sunlight
,,# It protects the ebryo#
a# root b# leaf c# seed coat
,/# Bt gro%s into a young plant#
a# seed coat b# cotyledon c# ebryo
,1# It is the seed leaf of the seed#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
,4# 9hich is not a part of a seed
a# flo%er b# ebryo c# seed coat
,3# 9hich stateent is true>
a# All plants gro% fro seeds#
b# 0eeds gro% fro petals
c# All seeds ha!e ebryos
,4# The hypocotyls is a part of the ebryo of the seed that gro%s into ======#
a# ste b# roots c# lea!es
,6# The epicotyl is a part of the ebryo of the seed that gro%s into=====#
a# ste b# roots c# lea!es
,?# A gerinating seed %ith one seed leaf is a ======#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
,@# A gerinating seed %ith t%o seed lea!es is a ====#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
/A# A corn seed is an e+aple of a ======#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
/,# The scattering of seed fro one place to onother is called =======#
a# seed gerination b# seed dispersal c# seed production
//# 7o% is a coconut fruit dispersed>
a# by %ind b# by %ater c# by anials
/1# 9hich of the follo%ing are dispersed by %ind>
a# %a+y and hard seeds
b# hairy and big seeds
c# fluffy and parachute-li&e seeds
/4# In seed dispersal* gua!a is to ====== as grass is to %ind#
a# %ind b# anials c# %ater
/3# It is sall ebryonic plant enclosed in a co!ering called the seed coat* usually %ith
soe storedfood#
a# fruit b# seed c# ebryo
/4# It is the first stage of the seed to becoe a young plant#
a# %hen the seed gets %et
b# %hen the ebryo gro%s bigger
c# %hen the seed coat %rin&les
/6# 9hich of the follo%ing are dicots>
a# atis b# ongo c#chico
/?# A seed that can be dispersed by %ind#
a# coconut b# gua!a c# ipil-ipil
/@# Part of the seeds that contains the stored food for the young plant#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
1A# It is the first process of the seed to becoe a young plant#
a# pollination b# gerination c# fertili"ation
2id you a&e it> To find out* turn on the last pages at the bac& for the &ey to
correction# If your score is /6 and abo!e* congratulations8 It eans you &no% !ery %ell
about seeds but you ay still continue to %or& on this odule# If you got a score belo%
/4* do not feel sad# That is only a pretest# $ou %ill surely learn about your ista&es as
you go on %ith this odule#
Less"n0. CHANGES IN FRUITS AS THE! MATURE
In this 'ess"n, "u -i'' 'earn an# %"(&are the %hanges that ta1e &'a%e"n
"ung, (ature an# ri&e $ruits)
Pre/re2uisite S1i''s. inferring* follo%ing directions* classifying*
recording obser!ations* distinguishing* easuring* pointing out#
Do-It-Yourself Experiment
Gather at least three young fruits* three ature fruits* and three ripe fruits#
-lassify the into young* ature and ripe fruits# Bbser!e and copare the by
ans%eringthe table# $ou %ill need ruler to easure their si"es#
!"ung Fruits
Na(e "$ Fruits Si3e
4in %(5
C"'"r Te6ture
4s"$t,har#5
,#
/#
1#
Mature Fruits
Na(e "$ Fruits Si3e
4in %(5
C"'"r Te6ture
4s"$t,har#5
,#
/#
1#
Ri&e Fruits
Na(e "$ Fruits Si3e
4in %(5
C"'"r Te6ture
4s"$t,har#5
,#
/#
1#
Directions: Che%1 the *"6 a&&r"&riate t" "ur ans-er)
,# Are young fruits saller than the ature and ripe fruits>
7 $es 7 Co
/# Are ripe fruits softer than ature fruits>
7 $es 7 Co
1# 2o ature fruits of and ripe fruitsha!e the sae color>
7 $es 7 Co
4# 2o ature fruits ha!e the sae si"e %ith the ripe fruits>
7 $es 7 Co
After flo%ers are pollinated* seeds de!elop in the o!ary# The o!ary changes as it
enlarges because it pro!ides food for the seeds# 9hen the o!ary ripens* it becoes a fruit
%ith seeds inside#
Most yo"ng #r"its are green* hard and saller in si"e than the ature fruits# At
this stage* ost are not yet ready to eat# All mat"re #r"its are larger than the young ones
but soe still are not edible unless they are ripe# Ri&ening is a process in fruits that
causes the to becoe ore suitable for eating# Mature fruits %hen ripe are sost and
their colors change# It is also a sign that the seeds inside are ature and ready to gro%
into ne% plants#
2o you notice that the ripe fruits becoe soft and rinds change in color> Dater the
rinds brea& and the flesh rot# This e+poses the seeds inside#

Try Yourself
Cae of .ruit ==========
$ou ha!e learned the difference bet%een young*
ature and ripe fruits# Det us see if you can sho% their
differences by illustrating the fruits you ha!e gathered on
the appropriate bo+es belo%# 0hade the %ith their real
colors if possible# 2ra% at least one fruit e+aple for
young* ature and ripe fruit# 9rite the nae of the fruit
abo!e your dra%ing###
============ ============== =============
$oung .ruit Mature .ruit Ripe .ruit
Check-up
Directions: 5ncircle the circle of the correct ans%er:
,# It is %here the seeds are de!eloped after pollination#
a# B!ary b# pistil c# staen
/# The stage %here ost youg fruits are not yet ready to eat#
a# $oung b# ture c# ripe
1# The condition that sho%s the seeds are already ature
a# 9hen the fruit is hard c# %hen the fruit is ripe
b# 9hen the fruit is soft
4# 9hat happens %hen the o!ary ripens>
a# 0eeds de!elop b# The o!ary enlarges
c# The o!ary becoes a fruit#
3# 9hich of the follo%ing stateent is true>
a# Most young fruits are soft#
b# Most ature fruits are edible %hen ripe#
c# Mature fruits are saller than young ones#
REMEMBER
A $ruit is a ripened o!ary#
:otanists classify fruits into t%o ain groups: si(&'e $ruits and %"(&"un# $ruits)
$mm got per#ect score% I# yes& then yo" proceed to
the ne't lesson(
)etting 4 and belo* means yo" ha+e to read the
topic again and "nderstand,
A si(&'e $ruit de!elops fro a single o!ary li&e Mango* A!ocado and -herry#
A %"(&"un# $ruit de!elops fro t%o or ore o!aries li&e Branges and Atis#
All ature fruits are larger than the young ones#
.ruits change their colors as they ature or they turn ripe#
Ri&ening is a process in fruits that a&e the ore edible#
Less"n 8. !OUNG AND MATURE SEEDS
This lesson will help you compare the young and mature seeds.
Pre-requisite sills! pointing o"t& disting"ishing& #ollo*ing directions,
Do-It-Yourself Experiment
Co% you get at least one young and the ripe fruit of the sae &ind#
-arefully cut it using a &nife# -opare the seeds inside# -ut open the seeds if you
can#
9rite the nae of the fruit you ha!e: ==========
In %hat %ays are the seeds different>
-o+er:
,# 2oes the co!er of the young seed soft>
7 $es 7 Co
/# 2oes the co!er of the ature seed hard>
7 $es 7 Co
1# 9hich of the follo%ing can you reo!e the outer co!ering easily>
7 $es 7 Co
-olor:
4# 2oes the color of the young and ature seed the sae>
7 $es 7 Co
If not* %rite the color of the young seed: =======
ature seed: =======
Si.e:
3# Is the young seed saller than the ature seed>
7 $es 7 Co
4# Is the ature seed bigger than the young seed>
7 $es 7 Co
-ontent:
6# -an you see a seeingly baby plant on the ature seed>
7 $es 7 Co
?# -an you di!ide the seeds in to t%o> 7 $es 7 Co
@# If yes* feel the inside part of each seed# Put a chec& on the bo+#
The inside part of the young seed is 7 soft 7 hard
The inside part of the ature seed is 7 soft 7 hard
A seed is a small em"ryonic plant enclosed with a co#ering called the seed coat.
As the $ruit matures% it seeds also mature. Its co#ering "ecomes hard.
A young seed is easier to cut "ecause the inside o$ it is so$t.
A mature seed is more di$$icult to open it "ecause the inside part o$ it is hard.
Inside o$ some mature seeds% you can see a de#eloping plant.
Try YOURSELF
2ra% the young and ature seeds you(!e got and sho% their differences#

$oung seed of a Mature seed of a
====================== =====================
CHEC-U! :
&irections! Write True "r Fa'se)
999999 0) C":erings "$ ("st "ung see#s are s"$t)
999999 8) A "ung see# is s(a''er in si3e than the (ature "ne)
999999 ;) A #e:e'"&ing &'ant %an *e seen "n the (ature see#)
999999 <) A "ung see# is easier t" %ut "&en than the (ature "ne)
999999 =) The "uter %":ering "$ the (ature see# is har#er t" re(":e)
999999 >) Mature see#s are rea# t" *e &'ante#)
999999 ?) Mature see#s %"(e $r"( "ung $ruits)
H"- high is "ur s%"re+

T"&i% ;. Parts "$ a See#

This 'ess"n -i'' he'& "u i#enti$ the #i$$erent &arts "$ a see#
H"- high is "ur s%"re+
6- Eery high
4- high
3- not so high
4 F belo%- eans !ery lo%G
you ha!e to read
Again this topic#
If you scored 3-6* you proceed to the
ne+t lesson#

REMEMBER
A see# is a (ature# ":u'e that %"ntains an e(*r" that %an gr"-
int" a ne- &'ant)
A "ung see# is s"$t -hi'e the (ature see# *e%"(es har#) Insi#e
"$ s"(e (ature see#s, "u %an see a #e:e'"&ing &'ant)
Pre/re2uisite s1i''s. inferring* follo%ing directions* pointing out*
2istinguishing
D" @ It @ !"urse'$ E6&eri(ent
In this lesson* you %ill need 3 seeds of each &ind li&e corn* lia beans and
atis# $ou need also a glass %ith half-filled clear %ater#
Doo& at these seeds# Is the co!ering of the seed dry and hard to peel off>

$es Co
Co%* place all seeds on the glass %ith %ater# 0oa& the seeds for at least 1A
inutes# 9hen done* get one seed of each &ind and obser!e#
9hat did you obser!e on the seeds>
,# 2o the seeds appear larger than their original si"e>
$es Co
/# Are the outer co!ering of the seeds %rin&led>
$es Co
Most plants produce seeds# In the o!ary* %hich ripens to becoe fruit* are
o!ules# 5ach o!ule becoes a seed# The seed becoes the young plant# It has different
parts#
Most seeds are surrounded by a hard outer co!ering called see# %"at or testa#
0oeties this is hard as a shell or fleshy and soft* as in papaya seeds# At one edge of a
seed is a ar& that loo&s li&e a scar# This is called hi'u() The hilu ar&s the place
%here the seed %as once attached to the o!ary %all#
9hen you loo& at a seed you are loo&ing at the seed coat# As people %ear
coats for protection fro bad %eather* seed coats perfor uch the sae function# They
pro!ide protection for the seed# 9hen the co!er of the seed gets %et* it %rin&les#
The endosper a&es up the cotyledon or the seed leaf# The seed contains
the ebryo of the ne% plant* %ith a supply of food for the ebryo called en#"s&er(#
-otyledon
A cotyledon plays a significant part of the ebryo %ithin the seed of a plant#
It contains the endosper that the young plant uses for the seedling#

The ne+t thing you %ill do is to reo!e the outer co!ering of seeds#
-hec& the seeds that ade you reo!e the co!ers easily#
Mongo Dia bean :ean -orn
After reo!ing the outer co!ering* carefully open the half of the seeds# -an you open
half all the seeds %ith your finger nail> $es Co
If yes* %rite the nae of the seedHseeds open half:
=====================
If not* %rite the nae of the seeds you can(t open half ============#
The bean* ongo and lia beans can opened e;ually# 5ach half is a seed leaf called
cotyledon# 0eed %ith t%o cotyledons are called #i%"t'e#"ns "r #i%"t#
The corn seed cannot opened or di!ided e;ually li&e the bean seeds because it has
only one cotyledon or so-called ("n"%"ts) 5+aples of seeds %ith only one cotyledon
are atis* rice and oranges#
-an you see a young plantHebryo on a cotyledon in any of the seeds> $es
Co
If yes* %rite the naeHs of the seedHs %ith a young plant or
ebryo#============
If not* %rite the naeHs of the seedHs %ithout a young plant#=========
The young plant or the baby plant you see on a cotyledon is called e(*r")
The ebryo attached on a cotyledon has parts:
,# E&i%"t'- the sall sprout or leafli&e structure
8) H&"%"t'- the ste %hich is at the iddle
1# Ra#i%'e/ is the first part of the seed that eerges# It is the root and begins to gro%
do%n%ard into the soil as soon as it appears# Its priary purpose is to begin to absorb
%ater and nutrients for the de!eloping seedling#
If you %ant to see the inside of the corn* half it carefully li&e the bean seed using a
&nife# $ou ay call other person to do it#

-an you the scar %here the seed %as originally attached to the fruit>
$es Co
That little scar on the seed is called hi'u(# It is %here the seed is attached to the
o!ary %all in the flo%er#
Check-up
I# Identify the parts of the bean seed# -hoose the parts inside the bo+#
II# Dabel the parts of the ebryo

,#========
/#=========
1#==========
7ilu ebryo cotyledon
0eed coat endosper hypocotyl
Got a high score> 7G##Det e see##
?- $ou(re e+cellent
6- $ou understood the lesson
4- $ou reebered soe
3 and belo%- $ou reebered a little# $ou need to
re!ie% again this lesson#
T"&i% <. Stru%ture "$ See# an# See# Dis&ersa'
This 'ess"n -i'' he'& "u un#erstan# h"- see#s gr"- int" #i$$erent &'a%es thr"ugh
their stru%tures an# agents "$ #is&ersa')
Pre/re2uisite s1i''s. inferring* follo%ing directions* classifying* recording obser!ation,
distinguishing pointing out#
Doo& at the pictures belo%# 7o% could the seeds be scattered>
A : - 2
REMEMBER
0) Testa is the see# %"at "r %":ering)<
8) Hi'u( is a s%ar (ar1ing the &'a%e -here the see# -as atta%he# *e$"re t" the
":ar -a'')
;) Mi%r"&'e is a tin h"'e in a see# -here the s&er( %e''s enter)
<) C"t'e#"n are the s"ur%es "$ $""# $"r the "ung &'ant)
=) E(*r" is the "ung &'ant)
.igure 1: The different agents of seed dispersal (an* anials* %ind* and %ater)
The scattering of seed fro one place to another is called see# #is&ersa') 0eeds ha!e
different pac&ages and structures that enable the to be easily carried a%ay by dispersal
agents#
9e can be an effecti!e agent of seed dispersal# .leshy and )uicy fruits such as
oranges* %aterelon* papaya* atis and others ha!e seeds produced %ithin# 9hen they are
ripe* %e eat the and %e separate the seeds fro the fruit# Are you eating the fruits I(!e
cited> 9hat do you do to their seeds>
Picture : depicts anials li&e birds and bats as agents of seed dispersal# They eat
attracti!e fruits li&e siniguelas* toatoes* berries* and gua!as# The sall seeds of these
fruits reain undigested and are released together %ith the anials( %aste# They are
usually carried off to another places %here these anials roa#
0oe seeds are not only dispersed through digestion# These seeds ha!e clinging
structures on the surface that help the carried a%ay by stic&ing to anials %ith fur and
e!en clothing of people#
In Picture -* %ind helps in seed dispersal of soe plants# 0eeds that are carried a%ay
ha!e %ind structures that help the float in the air# These seeds are !ery sall and light#
They are also described as parachute-li&e and fluffy seeds# In the Picture -* you see an
e+aple of parachute-li&e seed being blo%n a%ay by the %ind# These seeds are also light
that they are easily dri!en by the %ind# 0oe seeds that are also in pods li&e ipil-ipil also
dispersed by the %ind#
Bther e+aples of seeds carried a%ay by the %ind:
Try Yourself
A# -oplete the table %ith the different &inds of seeds# Paste the seeds on the bo+es
%ith their respecti!e agents of dispersal#
Man Anials 9ind


:# Paste seeds according to their structures#
C"ec#-up
I#,-4# 5nuerate the four agents of seed dispersal:
,#
/#
1#
4#
II# 9rite the agents of seed dispersal beside the gi!en fruit#
,#Gua!a
/# Branges
1#:erries
4#Iinnias
3# Apple
4#coconut
6#siniguelas
?#Ipil-ipil
@#Atis
,A#9aterelon
9inged
Dight and !ery sall
7airyHfeathery
.leshy fruit
Juicy fruit
H"- high is "ur s%"re+
/A-,6- Butstanding
Perforance888
,4 and belo%* you need to repeat
studying the lesson###

RE$E$%ER
The -in#, -ater, ani(a's, an# hu(ans he'& in see# #is&ersa')
See#s ha:e %ertain stru%tures an# &r"&erties -hi%h ai# the( in see# #is&ersa')
T"&i% =. See# Ger(inati"n an# the Fa%t"rs A$$e%ting It
This lesson %ill help you find out the conditions needed for seed gerination#
Pre-re;uisite s&ills: inferring* follo%ing directions* recording obser!ations*
pointing out and distinguishing
DO/IT/!OURSELF
Get t%o )ars %ith sa%dustHgarden soil# Get the reaining bean seeds you soa&ed and
place the on the first )ar# Dabel it as Jar A# Moisten the sa%dust in it# Get dry bean seeds
and place the on the second )ar# Keep the sa%dust dry# Dabel it as )ar :# <nco!er Jar A
and place the under sunlight# Keep the sa%dust oist#
Bn )ar b co!er it tightly and &eep it in a dar& place# Keep the sa%dust dry# Bbser!e the
)ars e!eryday# <nder %hich seeds fro the )ars %ill gerinate>
9hat conditions are present in Jar A>
=== sun light ===air ===9ater
9hat conditions are present in Jar :>
=== sun light ===air ===9ater
After soe days* under %hich )ar did the seeds gro%>
===Jar A ===Jar :
The seeds in Jar A gerinated because of oisture in the sa%dust# Moisture or %ater
helped seeds to gerinate#
:ean seeds placed inside a tightly co!ered bottle ha!e no air supply# The seeds inside n
unco!ered bottle benefit fro the presence of air# 9e can say that seeds gerinate %hen
there is enough air in their en!ironent# Plants need air in order to gerinate# Air
contains the gas carbon dio+ide needed by the plants#
The seeds in Jar a %ere benefitted %ith sunlight# 0unlight pro!ides %arth to the seeds#
The seeds in Jar : %ere sub)ected to lo% teperature# They did not gerinate pro!ing
that %arth fro the sun is necessary for seed gerination#
7o%e!er* e!en if factors in seed gerination are pro!ided* there ay be cases that not all
seeds you plant ay gerinate# There are any reasons %hy this is so# The seed ay not
be healthy# It ay be attac&ed by a !irus* bacteria or fungi# It ight ha!e been eaten by
an anial or insect# It could also be that the seed ay not be ature enough for
gerination#
In other %ay around* gerination ay also ta&e place e!en if the soil does not supply the
needed nutrients for a seed to gro%# This is because seeds ha!e endosper %hich supplies
food to nourish the gro%ing ebryo# .or alost all the seeds* as long as they get %et*
gerination ay start#
-75-K-<P
2irections: %rite true or false for each stateent#
0eeds gro%n under sunlight are better than those on the shade#
Plants need gas li&e -B/ in order to gro%#
Gerination is the sprouting of seeds under fa!ourable conditions#
Cot all seeds you plant ay gerinate#
0eeds are nourished %ith food in the gro%ing ebryo#
Moisture is a ust for the seed in order to gro%#
0oa&ing the seeds doesn(t speed up gerination#
Gi!e 1 factors needed in seed gerination#
SU$$I&' U!
'ermination is the sprouting o$ seeds under $a#oura"le conditions. It taes place when
there is enough water% air and warmth in the immediate en#ironment o$ the seed.
TOPIC >. Stages in the Ger(inati"n "$ See#s
N"- 'et us stu# the stages that ta1e &'a%e t" a see# as it gr"-s int" a
"ung &'ant)
Pre/re2uisite s1i''s. in$erring, $"''"-ing #ire%ti"ns, #istinguishing,
&"inting "ut
Do-it-yourself
Ta&e out your bean seeds that sprouted# Day the on a separate paper# 2id
they sprout at the sae rate> ===$es ===Co
Co% you are going to arrange your seeds fro the first thing that happened in
the gerination of your seed until to the last stage of gerination %hich you
thin& is last thing that happened to your seed as it gerinated#
Paste the seeds on the s;uares belo% in proper order fro left to right# It is
o&ay if you can(t fill up all the blan& spaces#
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Doo& at the illustration belo%# 2o you see on your e+perient the seeds li&e
in picture A>:>->2>
H"- g""# are "u in this t"&i%+
?-,A- Butstanding
Perforance888
6 and belo%* you need to repeat
studying the lesson###

0tudy the illustration belo%:
The di$$erent stages o$ the germination o$ a "ean seed
9ith the illustration abo!e* you can see the different stages of gerination*
parts of the bean seed and the ebryo as it gro%s into a young plant#
At the first stage in picture A* the seed is in its gerination stage# This is the
stage %hen the seed got %et and s%elled as you ha!e obser!ed in your
e+perient %hen you soa&ed the seeds* right> === $es ===Co
9hen the seed s%elled* the radicle@root) coes out first and becoes
elongated# The hypocotyls tries to o!e up as you see in picture :# The seed
coat then slo%ly detaches fro the cotyledon or the endosper# In picture -
the hypocotyls rises and the cotyledons enlarge as they o!e out fro the
seed coat# The radical de!elops its secondary roots# 9ith picture 2* the seed
coat is reo!ed as the cotyledons split open %ide# The epicotyls de!elops its
green lea!es and the hypocotyls has its ste strengthened and elongated# The
radical increases %ith ore roots called secondary roots# In this stage* the
ste gro%s and ore lea!es appear# The cotyledons becoe saller and
saller as the plant gro%s# 9hy> The cotyledons contain the endosper that
supply the food that the young plant needs# As ore lea!es appear* the food in
the cotyledons becoes less and less until it is used up by the young plant#by
the tie the cotyledons fall off* the young plant can already a&e its o%n
food#
C"ec#-up
A# Arrange the pictures in the correct order %ith letters A-2 on the spaces
pro!ided#
,# ========== /# ========== 1# ========== 4# ==========
:# Dabel the parts of the follo%ing pictures:
,# =====
/# =====
1# =====
4# =====
3# =====
-# 9rite true if the italici"ed part a&es the stateent correct# If not* replace
it %ith the correct one on the space pro!ided#
===== ,# )ermination is the process %herein ne% tiny plants gro% fro
planted seeds#
=====/# The nutrients in the sandy soil are good for the seedling(s gro%th#L
=====1# 2eeply buried seeds fail to sprout ainly because *ater cannot reach
the#
=====4# Doosening the soil surrounding the young plant helps in the gro%th of
its stems#
=====3# The transferring of young plants ay cause *ater stress because of
daaged roots#
RE$E$%ER
A germinating seed needs enough water% sunlight% air% soil% care and proper
attention.
H"- high is "ur s%"re+
?-,A- Butstanding
Perforance888
6 and belo%* you need to repeat
studying the lesson###

AOB WELL DONECCC !"u ha:e rea%he#
the $ina' &art "$ the 'ess"n) A'' "u nee#
t" #" n"- is t" -"r1 an# ans-er s"(e
2uesti"ns) This -i'' e:a'uate h"- $ar
ha:e "u g"ne in un#erstan#ing the 1e
%"n%e&ts "$ see#s) !"u (a n"- start)))
G""# 'u%1C
POSTTEST
Dire%ti"ns. 5ncircle the letter of the correct ans%er#
,# The part of the seed that gro%s into a young plant is =========#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
/# It pro!ides food to the young plant#
a# seed coat b# ebryo c# endosper
1# 9hich of these seed is not a dicot#
a# santol b# corn c# papaya
4# 9hat protects the seed fro har or in)ury>
a# cotyledon b# testa c# radicle
3# 9hat part of the ebryo coes out first as it gerinates>
a# leaf b# ste c# hypocotyls
4# 9hich is a ripened o!ary>
a# seed b# fruit c# flo%er
6# 9hat happens to the o!ary after pollination>
a# it becoes larger b# it becoes saller c# it %ithers and dies
?# 9hat is unde!eloped young plant in the seed called#
a# cotyledon b# testa c# ebryo
@# Aside fro %ater* teperature and carbon dio+ide* %hat other factors are in!ol!ed in
seed gerination>
a# soil and light b# anials c# cold cliate
,A# 9hat conditions %ill you pro!ide to &e your seedlings healthy>
a# enough air* good soil
b# enough air* soil and sunlight
c# enough air* soil* %ater* teperature and sunlight
,,# It protects the ebryo#
a# root b# leaf c# seed coat
,/# Bt gro%s into a young plant#
a# seed coat b# cotyledon c# ebryo
,1# It is the seed leaf of the seed#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
,4# 9hich is not a part of a seed
a# flo%er b# ebryo c# seed coat
,3# 9hich stateent is true>
a# All plants gro% fro seeds#
b# 0eeds gro% fro petals
c# All seeds ha!e ebryos
,4# The hypocotyls is a part of the ebryo of the seed that gro%s into ======#
a# ste b# roots c# lea!es
,6# The epicotyl is a part of the ebryo of the seed that gro%s into=====#
a# ste b# roots c# lea!es
,?# A gerinating seed %ith one seed leaf is a ======#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
,@# A gerinating seed %ith t%o seed lea!es is a ====#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
/A# A corn seed is an e+aple of a ======#
a# onocot b# dicot c# grass plant
/,# The scattering of seed fro one place to onother is called =======#
a# seed gerination b# seed dispersal c# seed production
//# 7o% is a coconut fruit dispersed>
a# by %ind b# by %ater c# by anials
/1# 9hich of the follo%ing are dispersed by %ind>
a# %a+y and hard seeds
b# hairy and big seeds
c# fluffy and parachute-li&e seeds
/4# In seed dispersal* gua!a is to ====== as grass is to %ind#
a# %ind b# anials c# %ater
/3# It is sall ebryonic plant enclosed in a co!ering called the seed coat* usually %ith
soe storedfood#
a# fruit b# seed c# ebryo
/4# It is the first stage of the seed to becoe a young plant#
a# %hen the seed gets %et
b# %hen the ebryo gro%s bigger
c# %hen the seed coat %rin&les
/6# 9hich of the follo%ing are dicots>
a# atis b# ongo c#chico
/?# A seed that can be dispersed by %ind#
a# coconut b# gua!a c# ipil-ipil
/@# Part of the seeds that contains the stored food for the young plant#
a# cotyledon b# seed coat c# ebryo
1A# It is the first process of the seed to becoe a young plant#
a# pollination b# gerination c# fertili"ation
CO&(R)TUL)TIO&S*
CO&(R)TUL)TIO&S*
5!aluate yourself:
/?-1A ' B<T0TAC2ICG
/3-/6 ' E5R$ 0ATI0.A-TBR$
//-/4 ' 0ATI0.A-TBR$
:elo% /, ' C5520 IMPRBE5M5CT
5!aluate yourself:
/?-1A ' B<T0TAC2ICG
/3-/6 ' E5R$ 0ATI0.A-TBR$
//-/4 ' 0ATI0.A-TBR$
:elo% /, ' C5520 IMPRBE5M5CT
KEY TO CORRECTIO!:
Less"n 0
,# A /# A 1# : 4# - 3# -
Less"n 8
,# True /# True 1# True 4# True 3# True 4# True 6# .alse
Less"n ;
I# ,# 0eed coat /# 5ndosper 1# 5bryo 4# -otyledon 3# 7ilu
II# ,# Radical /# 7ypocotyls 1# 5picotyls
Less"n <
I# ,# 9ater /# 9ind 1# Man 4# Anials
II# ,# Anials /# 9ater 1# Man 4# 9ind 3# Anials 4# 9ind 6# 9ind# ?# Man @# Man
Less"n =
,# True /# True 1# True 4# True 3# True 4# True 6# .alse ?# 9ater @# Air ,A# 0unlight
Less"n >
A# ,# 2 /# 2 1# - 4# :
:# ,# 5picotyls /# -otyledon 1# 7ypocotyl 4# Radical 3# 0eed coat
Pre/testDP"sttest
,# - /# - 1# : 4# : 3# A 4# : 6# A ?# - @# - ,A# A ,,# - ,/# - ,1# A ,4# A ,3# - ,4# A ,6# -
,?# A ,@# : /A# A /,# : //# : /1# - /4# : /3# : /4# : /6# : /?# - /@# : 1A# :
RE"ERECE!
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