Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Grades6-12
~
. < :;:a.-
SUNBURST
VISUAL MEDIA
Teacher's Guide
Credits
ProgramProduction
SunburstVisual Media
Teacher's Guide
Tonya Y. Burnley, M.Ed.
&StacyWilburn, M.Ed.
PrintMaterial Design
Desktop Productions
,
SUNBURST
Sunburst Visual Media
PO Box 11210 Tempe, AI. 85284-0021
phone 1.800.431.1934
fax 1.888.803.3908
www.sunburstvm.com
The purchase of this guide entitles the individual teacher the right to reproduce copiesfor classroom
useonly.Thereproductionofanyportionofthisguideforanentireschool orschoolsystemis prohibited.
2004SunburstVisual Media,a division ofGlobalVideo, llC
SunburstVisualMedia is a memberoftheSchoolSpecialty family ofcompanies.
Table of
Contents
Guide Information...................................
Fast Facts ................................................7
BeforeViewing Activities........................10
During Viewing Activities........................14
AfterViewing Activities ..........................18
AfterViewing Quizzes............................22
Additional Resources..............................24
Answer Keys ..........................................31
IScript ....................................................39
- .. ~ ~ :
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC Communism & Socialism
Guide
AboutThis Guide
Information
Providing studentswithvisual media is anexcellentwaytotakethem outofthe
classroom andintothereal world. Ourprogramsofferreal-world footage, dynamic
graphics, engaging dramatizations, and first-person testimonials thatkeep students
interestedandhelpthemvisualizedifficultconcepts. Moreimportantly,they reinforce
critical learning objectivesshaped bystateand nationaleducational standards. However,
thelearningdoesn'tbeginand endwhen the programdoes. You can makethelearning
experienceeven moreeffective byusing the materialsprovidedinthisTeacher's Guide.
This guideisdivided intothefollowing sections:
Fast Facts aredesignedtogiveyourstudentsa quickoverviewoftheI
informationpresentedwithinthevideo. I
BeforeViewingActivities help identifywhatstudentsalreadyknow
aboutthe subject, whattheyarecuriousabout,andwhattheyhopetolearn.
During ViewingActivities maybe used duringviewing toenhance
students' understandingofthevideo.
AfterViewingActivities helpstudentssummarizeand drawconclusions
from the informationthatwas presented.
AfterViewingQuizzes test students' retentionoftheinformationpresented
intheprogramandactivitysheets.
Additional Resources aredesignedtohelpyou extend theinformation
presented intheprogram intootherareasofyourcurriculum.
AnswerKeys areprovidedforrelevantactivitiesorreproducible pages.
~ conlenlis provided in anunabridgedversion forfulure reference.
Sunbul"$tVisual Media,a division ofGlobalVideo, LLC Communism& Socialism
5
Guide
Program Overviev# Informalion
Communism & Socialism focuses onthetwotypes ofeconomicstructures,
communistand socialist. Itdiscussestherole Karl Marxplayed incondemning
capitalism (which hesawas aneconomicsystem thatexploitedworkers) in support
ofCommunism. His dream wasto havea classless societywherethe needfor
governmentwould eventuallycease. Thevideofurtherdisplaysthat hisidea ofa
classless societywasflawed.
The information presented inthevideofollows thespread ofCommunismand
Socialismfrom its Europeanfoundersto its implementation in Russia, Europe, and
Asia. Studentswill learn howAmerica's response and attentiontoanti-capitalist
nationshasshaped history.
Viev#ing Obiectives
Afterviewingthe DVD/videoand engaging intheactivities provided, students
will beableto:
Describethedesired goalsofCommunismandSocialism
Understandthatpolitical and economictheoriesareideas, and
thatthey rarely playoutexactlyasenvisioned
Describethe majorreasons whythehopesforanegalitarian
societydid notwork
Identifysomeofthe majorproponentsofCommunism and
Socialism
Communism& :>OCI'alism Sunbur$1Vi$ual Media, a division of GlobalVideo, LtC
Fast Facts
FastFacts
Wars have beenfought and governmentstoppled inhopesofcreating a moreperfect
world.
Communismand Socialism aretwo ideologiesthathavegeneratedambitious effortsto
changesocietiesandeven revolutionize economies.
Although they areconsidered quite differenttoday, communistandsocialist ideologies
evolved from thesamedesired goal...asociety in which everyone is equal.
Karl Marx, a Germaneconomist, condemnedcapitalismfor robbing the laborclassof
theirskills and independence.
The solutionwasto changetheeconomicstructuretoonewhereeach person would
benefitequallyfrom a collective ownershipofthe meansofproduction- thatis a
communistorsocialiststructure.
Acommunistsystemwould supporta classless, oregalitarian, societywhereeveryone
works "according tohis ability" and receives"according to his needs."
The term "communist" becamesynonymouswith Marxist revolutionaries, while
"socialist" cameto representa beliefin a more gradual progression into egalitarian
society.
In 1917theTsar ofRussia wasoverthrown.AMarxist revolutionary,Vladimir lIyich
Lenin, maneuvered his Bolsheviks into powertoform theworld'sfirst Communist
government.
Lenin would haveto adaptMarxism tofit Russia. He plannedto build a working class
proletariatby industrializing the countryasquickly aspossible.
Joseph Stalin cameto powerin 1928anddecided to rid theSoviet Union ofprivate
ownershiponceagain. He dismantled mostofLenin's New Economic Plan and replaced
it with thefirst ofseveral Five Year Plans.
To crush his opposition, Stalin begana program ofterrorcalled theGreatPurge.
Stalin'ssecretpolicearrested millions ofpeople. Neighborsand even membersofthe
samefamily spied oneachother.
UnderStalina totalitarian regime emerged, a regimethatcontrolled all levelsoflife: all
published materials, education,and even openconversation.
In 1947, PresidentTruman announcedThe Truman Doctrine
l
America's official policyfor
containing Communism.
SunburstVisual Media,a division ofGlobalVideo, llC Communism& Socialism
Fast Facts
FastFacts
UndertheTruman Doctrine, U.S. SecretaryofStateGeneral GeorgeMarshall urged
U.S. leaderstoprovidemassive amountsoffinancial aidto help Europe rebuild.
Providing economicstabilitywasseen as the best waytosafeguard democracyand
preventthespread ofCommunism.
TheMarshall Plan, alsoknown astheEuropean Recovery Plan, was bornwhichThe
Soviet Unionsaw as anAmerican actofaggression- a direct attempttoimpose
capitalistbeliefs on Europeancountries.
Stalin metwith Churchill andTrumanand agreed todividethe defeatedcountry,
Germany.
Inits occupiedzone tothe east, theSovietUnionset upa communistregimeand
dictator. To thewest, thealliescreated the Federal RepublicofGermany.
VladimirLenin
JosephStalin
~ Communism & Sociialism
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
Fast Fads
UTOPIA - ideal commonwealth whose inhabitants exist under
seemingly perfect conditions.
CAPITALISM - free-market economic theory
COMMUNISM - an economic theory that demands collective ownership of
property as well as the organization of labor for common
advantage
SOcrAUSM - theory of social organization where production and
distribution of goods is collectively owned and distributed
equallYi the government often plans and controls this kind
of economy
BOURGEOISIE - middle class of society
PROLETARIAT labor class of society
EGALITARIAN SOCIETY - a classless society where everyone works according to his
ability and receives according to his needs
FAMINE - food shortage
REVOLT - rebellion
TOTALITARIAN complete control; authoritarian
Sunburst Visual Media, Q division of Global Video, LLC
\,omlmu,1Ism & Sociialism
Before Viewing
ii
Activity 1
KWLS Chart
Find a portner. Before watching the video, toke a few minutes to consider what you
already know about Communism and Socialism. Write these ideas in the first column
of the chart below. Next, think of two things you would like to know about
Communism and Socialism, and write these questions in the second column of the
chart. We will return to this chart following the video to odd the things we learned and
still wont to know later.
WhatweKNOWabout
Communism and Socialism
WhatweLEARNED about
Communism and Socialism
WhatweWANTTO KNOWabout
Communism andSocialism
WhatweSTILL wantto learn
aboutCommunism andSocialism
0
1 Communism & Socialism Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC
Before Viewing
Activity 2 'nw;
Discussion Questions
Consider the following scenario: You are a farmer who is an extremely hard worker. You
go the extra mile to produce the best crops. You know that your work is far superior to
other farmers in your area. Each time you gather your harvest, the government forces you
to give most of your crops back to them to be given to others. You receive no payment for
your crops.
Would this scene encourage you to work harder or not as hard? Why?
11
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC Communism & Socialism
Before Viewing
Adivity 3
Think - Pair - Share - Activity
The following process will help you generate questions about the Great Depression.
Supplies:
large index cards
pens/pencils
overhead/white board
Step 1: Think - Take several minutes to consider your feelings about the
questions. Think about what the pluses and minuses would be to
this type of governmental control.
Step 2: Pair- Find a partner in the classroom. Get two note cards from your
teacher. Title one card, "Pluses/, and the other card, "Minuses./I
Write both of your thoughts on the two cards.
Step 3: Ink- Circle your favorite statement on each card and be prepared to
share it with the class.
Go around the room and allow each pair of students to share their favorite ideas.
Review these ideas again after watching the video; see if any of their thoughts have
changed or if they have additional thoughts.
12 Communism & Socialism
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
BeforeViewing
Activity4
True orFalse
Read thefollowing statementsaboutCommunism and Socialism. Beforewatchingthe
video, decideifeach statementis trueorfalse and putanXintheappropriatebox.
Afteryou'veviewedthevideo, gothrough each statementagain. PutanXinthe
appropriateboxonceagain, andcompareyouranswerswithyourearlierresponses.
BeforeViewing AfterViewing
true false
true false
The middleclass insocietyis called the Bourgeoisie. 0
o
Karl Marxwasa Germaneconomistwhosupported Capitalism.
o
WhenVladimirlenincame intopowerinRussia, heallowed
peasantstokeepthelandtheyhadseized duringtherevolution, 0
and heallowedthemtokeepalloftheproducetheyharvested.
Stalincreated a totalitarian regimethatcontrolled all levels of
o
life: all published materials,education,evenopenconversation.
PresidentTrumanannouncedTheTruman Doctrinein 1947
as America's official policyforspreading Communism. This
00 o
policyguaranteed assistancetoanycountryintheworldthat
wanted to becomea communistcountry.
Communistand Socialistideologiesevolved from thesame
o
desired goal: a societyinwhicheveryoneisfreefrom
00
governmentauthoritytocompeteand profitas theywish.
Communismtookshape in China moresmoothly
than ithad in Russia. MaoTse-Tung quicklygained 0
themajoritysupportofhis people.
When KruschevcameintopoweruponStalin'sdeath
in 1953,Kruschev spokehighlyofStalin'sleadership.
HecalledStalin a hero.
In 1961,East Germanforces erected a wall tostop theflow
o
00
ofescapeesfrom East GermanytoWest Germany.
In 1961,CastroannouncedthatCubawasnowa Communist
country. KruschevwelcomedCuba intotheinternational
[] o
associationandoffered economicassistance, sotheSoviet
UnionnowhadanallyonAmerica'sdoorstep.
13
Sunbun;tVisualMedia, a division ofGlobalVideo, LLC Communism& Socialism
DuringViewing
Activity 1
h ~ t Role Did I Play?
Whileyou arewatchingthevideo, jotdown importantinformation abouteach ofthe
following personalitiesthatplayed a role in thespread ofCommunism and/or
Socialism. Include thecountrywith which eachwasassociated aswell asthegeneral
timeframe hewasinvolved with thecountry's politics.
Personalities whoPromoted
CommunismorSocialism
Joseph Stalin
Karl Marx
VladimirLenin
MaoTse-Tung
Fidel Castro
;;l 14
& Soc:iialism SunburstVisual Media, a division ofGlobalVideo, LLC
DuringViewing
Activity 2
PMI (Plus, Minus, Interesting)
During the video, write down information in the chart below. Listen for fads from the
video that are pluses or minuses to Communism and Socialism. Write that information in
the first two columns. Write any information that you find interesting in the last column.
Plus Minus Interesting
15
SunburstVisual Media, a division ofGlobalVideo, llC
Communism& Socialism
During Viewing
Activity 3
NiftyNotes
While you are watching the video, fill in each sentence with the correct term.
Karl Marx, a German economist, condemned ___________ for robbing the
labor class of their skills and independence.
A communist system would support a classless, or , society
where everyone works "according to his ability" and receives "according to his needs."
In 1917 the Tsar of Russia was overthrown. A Marxist revolutionary, Vladimir lIyich
lenin, maneuvered his Bolsheviks into power to form the world's first
___________ government.
In 1947, President Truman announced The ___________, America's
official policy for containing Communism.
The Marshall Plan, also known as the , was born which The
Soviet Union saw as an American act of aggression... a direct attempt to impose
capitalist beliefs on European countries.
Communism took shape in China more smoothly than it had in __________
Mao Tse-Tung quickly gained the majority support of his people.
In 1961, East German forces erected a wall to stop the flow of escapees. Armed
guards posted every few feet and mine fields planted along the course of the wall
made escaping into a deadly gamble.
That year a revolutionary named Fidel marched into power in
______. He and his army of guerillas ousted Batista and established his regime.
U.S. President ____________ attempted to overthrow Castro.
Mao recruited millions of young people to be part of the ____--,-__-,-___
These teenagers were encouraged to rebel and destroy every reminder of the past.
1988 found the economies throughout Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union on the
verge of collapse. Discontent was reaching the boiling point. Gorbachev decided that
the needed to be opened at last.
Marx himself never shared a clear plan for maintaining in a
communist society. For instance, how do you account for individual differences of
opinion or between workers?
@ Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC
DuringViewing
Activity4
Organize Your Notes With
An Outline
Use this outline to help you take notes while you are watching the video. This activity
will allow you to organize the important information obtained from the video about
Communism and Socialism. A few have been completed for you.
Communist Leaders
1. Vladimir lenin (1917)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. ______________________________________________________________
By 1866, Marx had united labor unions in:
1. England
2.
3.
4.
Following World War II, Stalin set up communist dictatorships in:
1. Poland
2.
3.
4.
5.
17
SunburstVisual Media, a division ofGlobal Video, LtC Communism& Soc:iolism
After Viewing
Activity 1 '".II,tl
Pretend you are going to get the opportunity to interview one of the major
personalities who played a role in the spread of Communism and/or Socialism (Marx,
Stalin, lenin, Castro, Mao Tse-Tung). Based on the information you learned by
watching and discussing the video, write five interview questions that you would ask
this person. With your partner
l
script five answers that you two think would reflect the
viewpoint of the historical figures you are interviewing.
After you have written and answered each interview question
l
decide who will play
each part. One of you will be the interviewer while the other plays the interviewee.
Practice the interview in preparation for presenting it in front of your classmates.
..") 18
Communism & Sociialism Sunbursl Visual Media, Q division of Global Video, llC
AfterViewing
Activity 2
Below is a listofscrambled words.
Scral11bled Words
Thinkaboutwordsand people
associated withthevideowewatched,
ROTVLE
andtryto unscramble each ofthe
43 32 14
words. Noticethe numbersunder
TUPA0 I L.<--I-,----,---,--I--,-1--,
someoftheletters. These numbers
.5 33 16
will helpyou uncovera hidden
FAENIM
messageatthe bottomofthe page.
37 10 40 19 68 36
CAMPIALIST
61 22 25 18 8
INTIGLEARAA
ROSBEIGUEOI
2 70 53 52 24 66 13 48
SOLASCIMI
20 26 1 44
NMMSMIUCO
15 39 3 46 30
RATTEOIPLAR
38 57 18 23 41 45 58 9
TAATAINOITRLA
RALK RAM X
17 72 51
JEOHPS NIATSL
54 59 29 42 49 21 71 7 65
LAIVIDMR NIENL
35 55 1'2 69 4 57 31 50
234 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 12 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 12 37 38 39 40
D
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 12 48 49 50 51 52 12 53 54 55 56 57 37 58
59 60 61 62 31 63 64 65 42 66 1 42 29 35 29 67 2 68 47
69 8 43 70 71 72
19
SunburstVisual Media, a division of GlobalVideo, LLC Communism& Socialism
After Viewing
Activity 3
Word Search
Find each of the following words in the word search. A secret message will be revealed
once you find all of the words. To find the secret message, start at the beginning of the
word search and write down each letter that is not circled by any word in the puzzle.
Write each letter down in order at the bottom of this page. Keep writing the letters
following the puzzle from left to right.
LENIN TOTALITARIAN MARSHALL PLAN PROLETARIAT
REVOLT CAPITALIST TRUMAN DOCTRINE BOURGEOISIE
STALIN FAMINE COMMUNISM EGALITARIAN
UTOPIA SOCIALISM KARL MARX
E T N H M S E U T M R N U T M
A N N A T S T D S 0 A C N A E
T R I A I 0 I N A E I W
A S L R P R L N R A L M S R E
R I I T A A A U P C A A S
N 0 A F I C T T L M 0 F T T X
C I C A 0 L I E M L L E R
P 0 0 L L I A D G L 0 0 N L A
C S Y A F H 0 R N V A C 0 M
R C G 0 S 1'-1 U T E A M T A R L
I E N R 0 N R G A M C 0 P R
0 M A M B U N F S M U Q T A
R M T S L A T I P A C R 0 K
G T H N N E L V G U S K T F
U W M M T 0 K V U J M D E J
---------- ---------'
~ 20
~ Communism & Socialism Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
AfterViewing
Activity4
NiH"';
What A Year!
Using informationyou learned inthevideo,fromyoursocial studiestextbook, as well as
from anyotherresourcesyou haveavailable,fill ineach statementwith theyearthatthe
eventtookplace.
In_____,MaoTse-Tung and hisCommunistpartygained powerin China.
In_____, East Germanforces erected a wall tostop the flowofescapees.
In , theTsar ofRussia was overthrown. A Marxistrevolutionary, Vladimir
lIyich Lenin, maneuvered his Bolsheviksintopowertoform theworld'sfirst
Communistgovernment.
In_____"Castroannounced totheworldthatCubawas nowa Communist
country.
Joseph Stalin cametopowerin_____, anddecided torid theSoviet Unionof
privateownershiponceagain.
As a result, in , PresidentTrumanannouncedThe Truman Doctrine,
America/s official policyforcontaining Communism.
In June Deng usedtanks andsoldierstoclearawaythousandsofyoung I
peoplewhohadgathered inTiananmenSquaretodemand democraticreforms.
In the LabourPartycame to powerinGreatBritain. France, Italy, I
Belgium andmanyothercountriessawsocialistswinvictories intheensuingyears.
Inspired byStalin/srapid industrializationoftheSovietUnion, MaointroducedThe
GreatleapForward in_____
Stalindied in_____, andwassucceeded byNikitaKruschev.
In Marxwith the helpofhiscolleague, Friedrich Engels, publishedThe I
CommunistManifesto.
By thetimeMikhailGorbachevcame topowerin_____1 therewereclearsigns
thatCommunismwasn/t working.
.A COM.PABlSONJ'
21
SunburstVisualMedia, a division afGlobalVidea, LlC Communism& Socialism
-------------
AfterViewing
ActivityQuiz
Social Studies Quiz
VLADIMIRLENIN IRON CURTAIN CASTRO
WORD
BANK:
TRUMAN DOCTRINE CAPITALISM BATISTA
MIKHAILGORBACHEV COMMUNISM CUBA
Karl Marx, a German economist, condemned ________forrobbing thelabor
class oftheirskills and independence.
ThefirstCommunistleaderofRussia was
Underwhich leaderdid Communism ultimatelycollapse in Russia? __________
In 1958,a revolutionarynamed Fidel _____marched intopowerin_____
1988foundtheeconomiesthroughoutEastern EuropeandtheSoviet Unionon the
vergeofcollapse. Discontentwas reaching theboilingpoint. Gorbachevdecidedthat
the needed tobe opened atlast.
In 1947, PresidentTruman announcedThe__________, America'sofficial
policyforcontaining Communism.
Read thefollowing statements. Decidewhethereach one is true orfalse. Circlethe
correct letter: Tfortrue, orFforfalse. Ifa statementis folse, underlinetheportion of
thesentencethat makesitfalse.
T F The middleclass in societyis calledthe Bourgeoisie.
T F Karl Marxwasa German economistwhosupported Capitalism.
T F WhenVladimirLenin comeintopowerin Russia, heallowed peasantstokeep
thelandthey hadseized duringthe revolution, and heallowedthemto keep
all ofthe producethey harvested.
T F Stalin created a totalitarian regimethatcontrolledall levels oflife: all
published materials, education, even open conversation.
T F PresidentTruman announcedTheTruman Doctrinein 1947asAmerica's
official policyforspreading Communism. This policyguaranteedassistanceto
anycountryin theworld thatwantedtobecomea communistcountry.
T F CommunistandSocialist ideologiesevolvedfromthesomedesired goal: a
societyinwhich everyone is freefrom governmentauthoritytocompeteand
profitastheywish.
22
& Sodolism SunburstVisual Media, a division of GlobalVideo, llC
-----------
----------------
AfterViewing
VocabularyQuiz
Vocabulary Quiz
Use thevocabularywordsfrom theword boxtocorrectly complete each sentence.
WORD
UTOPIA CAPITALIST PROLETARIAT BOURGEOISIE
BANK:
FAMINE COMMUNISM EGALITARIAN TOTALITARIAN
REVOLT SOCIALISM
The peoplewhomake upthe middle
class are called the
When lenintookcontrol ofRussia's
manufacturing industry, food
productionwas sufferingwhich resulted
Ina_________
To is torebel
againsta person orgroupofpeople
whoarecontrolling policies ormaking
unwanted decisions.
UnderStalina
regime emerged,
a regime thatcontrolled all levelsof
life: all published materials, education,
even open conversation.
A country is one
where peoplearefree from governmentauthoritytocompete and profitastheywish.
The Greekworkmeaning "noplace" is ,whichwasSirThomas
More'simaginaryislandwhereeveryone is equal, prosperous, educated, and wise.
The __________________isthe laborclass ofsociety.
A(n) societyis a classless societywhere everyoneworks
according to his abilityand receivesaccording tohis needs.
23
SunburstVisual Media, a division of Global Videa, LLC Communism & Socialism
Additional
Ideas 1 Resources
Social Studies/Map Skills/Research Skills
Pass out a copy of a blank world map to each student. Have the students work in groups
to research what countries have operated under Communism. They will have to locate
the country, label it, and shade it in as a Communist or previously Communist country.
You may want to have the students shade them using one color for countries that
currently operate under Communism and another color for countries that were previously
Communist.
Language Arts
Read Animal Farm by George Orwell either independently, in literature groups, or as a
read aloud. Make a list of the main charaders in the book. Compare these main
charaders in the book to the major personalities involved in the Russian Revolution. Have
the students try to match up the charaders in the story to the real-life people who were
involved at the time.
Discuss why George Orwell may have written this book rather than making a dired
attack on Russia.
Compare and contrast the events in the book to the adual events that occurred in Russia.
Research/Writing
Assign pairs or groups of students a different historical person related to Communism or
Socialism. Have them research this person and write an essay describing his personal
strengths as well as the role he played in the Russian Revolution. Encourage your
students to be creative with how they present their findings. They may choose to perform
a skit/play, present a PowerPoint presentation of their work, or use any other original way
of showing what they have learned.
Social Studies/Research
Have the students create a timeline of the events from the rise of Communism in Russia
to its demise. They should include any major events that occurred during this time period.
Each leader associated with Russia should also be included on the timeline. Have the
timeline span the length of the classroom, and allow the students to create pidures to
show events as well as a brief explanation of each occurrence.
This projed could be completed as a whole dass, or you could divide the class into four
groups. Each group creates its own timeline on one of the walls in the classroom or in
the hallway. Compare and contrast the completed timelines.
Conrtmllftism & Socialism Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC
Additional
Ideas 2
Resources
Language Arts/Research/Social Studies
President John F. Kennedy attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro. Have the students
research this period of history. Choose two students to carry on a mock debate. One will
play the part of Fidel Castro, and the other will play the part of John F. Kennedy. Have
each charader present his viewpoint while the other charader disputes it. Ask them to
use the information from their research to help them to respond. Allow several groups of
students to present similar debates.
25
Sunbur1it Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC
Communism & Socialism
Additionol
Classrool11 Discussion Resources
Use the following discussion questions after your students watch the Communism and
Socialism video. Encourage your students to discuss these topics in pairs or in small
groups. Answers will vary.
1. Consider Sir Thomas More's imaginary island, Utopia, where everyone is equal,
prosperous, educated, and wise. Why do you think he chose that name, meaning "no
place"?
2. Think about Karl Marx's original idea for a classless society. His hope was to create a
society that would be harmonious. What factors contributed to the disharmony that
actually occurred?
3. When Mao Tse-Tung was in power he was very interested in attaining national wealth.
Discuss the consequences of Mao Tse-Tung's decision to have farmers make steel in
their backyards rather than tend to the crops in the field.
4. Discuss how the increased availability of television and radio broadcasts impacted the
people in communist countries.
5. "Prior to the free market, goods were produced by skilled craftsman and artisans. In
the capitalist system these specialized skills lost their value, as machines were invented
that could produce the same goods cheaper and faster. II
What do you think about that statement? Has the free market caused the skilled
craftsman to fade away? If you think it has, do you consider that to be a positive
or a negative aspect of our capitalist society?
Sunbursl Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
Additional
Suggested Reading List
Resources
Cumming
l
David. (1995) Modern Industrial World: Russia. Thomas Learning
l
New York.
The author of this book took a three-month trip to Russia in 1993 where he took
photographs and conducted research. The book includes information about
Russia/s past and present times
l
their land use
l
trade and industryl and their life
today. Its pictures and historical facts provide a detailed picture of that country to
its readers.
Degens, T. (1997) Freya on the Wall. Browndeer Press. Freya on the Wall is a novel
about a three sisters who
l
at the end of World War III are separated while trying
to escape the advancing Russian army. The sisters, one in the United States,
another in West Germany, and the third in East GermanYI each describe what life
is like during this historic time period. The book/s setting includes the year 1989
when the Berlin Wall comes down.
Dvorson
l
Alexa. (1999) The Hitler Youth: Marching Toward Madness. The Rosen
Publishing Group, Inc'
l
New York. Dvorson's book is a description of the
holocaust told through the eyes of a teen who witnessed it. The real-life account
of the events of this era in history is alarming.
Marrin
l
Albert. (1993) Stalin: Russia's Man of Steel. Penguin USA. This book describes
the life of Joseph Stalin
l
the man who played a major role in shaping the Soviet
Union. It describes his role in the development from pre-revolutionary Russia to
a superpower as well as the fall of the "Iron Curtain."
Orwell
l
George. (1946) Animal Farm. Harcourt
l
Inc'
l
Florida. Animal Farm is a satirical
literary work that parodies the events of the Russian Revolution as well as the
years that followed. The author uses animals as its characters who are trying to
create an ideal community.
Vail, John J. (1988) Fidel Castro. Chelsea House Publications. This book is a biography
on Fidel Castro
l
the man who became the dictator of Cuba in 1959 after
revolting against Batista/s military dictatorship. It describes how Castro
reorganized Cuba into a communist state.
27
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC Communism & Soc:ialism
Additional
Suggested Reading List
Resources
Warren, Jal)1es. (1996) Cold War: The American Crusade Against the Soviet Union and
World Communism, 1945-1990. HarperCollins Publishers. In this book Warren
gives a complete analysis of the half-century struggle to contain Communism. He
includes details from the end of World War II to the modern day.
Zeinert, Karen. (1998) McCarthy and the Fear of Communism in American History.
Enslow Publishers, Inc., New Jersey. Zeinert's book explores a controversial
period in U.S. history when Joseph McCarthy announced that there were
Communists working in American government. This historical perspective gives
an account of the events that occurred before and after McCarthy's monumental
announcement.
28 Communism & Socialism
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LlC
Additional
Internet Sites
Resources
Below are a list of sites that you may use to find more information about the
communism and socialism. Due to routine web maintenance, not all of the links will be
accurate at the time of access. If the link is not available, try to conduct a search on
that topic from the main site or from a search engine.
The Principles of Communism
Written in question/answer format, this website is based on writing authored by
Frederick Engels in , 847. Engels answers questions about Communism, defines terms
associated with Communism, and delves into the subject of personal property and
property rights. The question/answer format makes the site easy to read and allows its
readers to readily find information.
www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm
Communism
This site is an encyclopedia article with factual information about Communism. This
website would be beneficial for students who are researching the definition of
Communism or any of the people who are associated with this type of governmental
theory. It includes many direct links to additional information on many of the topics
discussed.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commun;sm
Russia and Communism
The easy-to-read format of this website makes it well-suited for students in middle
school. It has bulleted important facts about Russia, Communism, the Russian
Revolution, Russian Leaders, and Karl Marx. This site would be great for students who
are researching information about Russia or Communism.
www.mrdowling.com/707russia.html
Communism
The ten essential parts to Communism as described in the Communist Manifesto are
detailed in this website.
www.Communism-l.com/
Labour Party
The Labour Party is a democratic socialist party which is a strong and active political
party in Great Britain. This is their website, which gives a modern view of a country
that operates under Socialism.
www./abour.org.uk/
Sunbursl Visual Media, a division of Global Videa, LLC Communism & Socialism
Additional
Internet Sites
Resources
Communist Party of China
Information and web links about the Communist Party of China are provided on this
website. The site gives a modern-day look at a country that still operates under
Communism.
www.chinatoday.com/org/ cpc
Social Democrat
Various links to Social Democrat political parties in Canada and Europe are provided
on this site.
www.fact-index.comlslsolsocial_democrat.html
Marxism Page
Marxist writings of Karl Marx, Lenin, Trotsky, and Engels are featured on this website. It
includes Marx's analysis of Capitalism as well as other Marxist classics.
www.anu.edu.aulpolscilmarxlmarx.html
30 Communism & Socialism
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
AnswerKey- BeforeViewingActivitySheet4
True orFalse
Read thefollowingstatementsaboutCommunism and Socialism. Beforewatching the
video, decideifeachstatementis trueorfalse and putanXintheappropriate box.
Afteryou'veviewedthevideo,gothrough eachstatementagain. Put anX inthe
appropriateboxonceagain, andcompareyouranswerswithyourearlierresponses.
BeforeViewing
AfterViewing
true false true false
D The middleclass insociety is calledthe Bourgeoisie. [f7]
D KarlMarxwasa Germaneconomistwhosupported Capitalism. III'I
WhenVladimirlenincameintopowerinRussia, heallowed
D peasantstokeepthelandtheyhadseized duringthe revolution,
andheallowedthemtokeepalloftheproducetheyharvested.
Stalincreated a totalitarianregimethatcontrolled all levelsof
life: all published materials, education,even openconversation.
PresidentTrumanannouncedThe Truman Doctrinein 1947
asAmerica'sofficial policyforspreading Communism. This
D
policyguaranteedassistanceto anycountryinthe worldthat
wanted tobecome a communistcountry.
CommunistandSocialist ideologiesevolvedfrom thesame
D
desired goal: a societyinwhicheveryone is freefrom
governmentauthoritytocompeteand profitas theywish.
Communism tookshapeinChina moresmoothly
D
thanithad inRussia. MaoTse-Tung quicklygained
the majoritysupportofhis people.
When Kruschevcame intopowerupon Stalin'sdeath
D
in 1953, Kruschevspoke highlyofStalin'sleadership.
Hecalled Stalin a hero.
In 1961, East Germanforces erected a wall tostoptheflow
~
ofescapeesfrom East GermanytoWest Germany.
In 1961,CastroannouncedthatCubawasnowa Communist
country. Kruschevwelcomed Cuba intotheinternational
D
association andoffered economicassistance, so the Soviet
Union nowhadan a"yonAmerica'sdoorstep.
31
SvnburstVisualMedia,a division ofGlobalVideo, LLC Communism& Socialism
~
Answer Key - During Viewing Activity Sheet 3
NiftyNotes
Whileyou arewatchingthevideo, fill ineachsentencewiththecorrectterm.
Karl Marx,a German economist, condemned ___c_a..l.p_i_ta_l_is_m ____forrobbingthe
laborclass oftheirskills and independence.
A communistsystem would supporta classless, or egalitarian , society
whereeveryoneworks"according tohisability"and receives "accordingtohis needs."
In 1917theTsar ofRussia wasoverthrown. A Marxistrevolutionary, VladimirlIyich
lenin, maneuvered his Bolsheviksintopowertoformtheworld'sfirst
Communist government.
In 1947,PresidentTruman announcedThe __li_ru_m_a_n_D_o_c_t_r_in_e __"America's
official policyforcontaining Communism.
TheMarshall Plan, also known asthe European RecoveryPlan , was bornwhichThe
Soviet Unionsawas anAmerican actofaggression...a directattempttoimpose
capitalist beliefson Europeancountries.
Communismtookshape inChina moresmoothlythanithad in____R_u_s_s_ia____
MaoTse-Tung quicklygainedthemajoritysupportofhis people.
In 1961,East Germanforces erected a wall tostoptheflowofescapees. Armed
guardsposted every fewfeetand minefields planted alongthecourseofthewall
madeescaping into WestBerlin a deadlygamble.
Thatyeara revolutionarynamed Fidel Castro marched intopowerin
Cuba . Heand hisarmyofguerillasousted Batista andestablished hisregime.
U.S. President ___J_o_h_n_F._._/(_e_n_n_e_d....;y:...-__attempted tooverthrowCastro.
Maorecruited millionsofyoung peopletobe partofthe Red Guard
These teenagerswereencouraged torebel anddestroyeveryreminderofthe past.
1988foundtheeconomiesthroughoutEastern Europeand theSoviet Uniononthe
vergeofcollapse. Discontentwas reachingthe boiling point. Gorbachevdecided that
the Iron Curtain needed tobeopened atlast.
Marxhimselfnevershared a clear planformaintaining harmony ina
communistsociety. Forinstance, howdoyou accountforindividual differencesof
opinionor resentments betweenworkers?
32
Communism & Sociolism Sunburst Visual Media, 0 division of Global Video, LLC
AnswerKey - DuringViewing ActivitySheet4
Your Notes With
An Outline
Use this outlineto helpyou take noteswhileyou arewatching thevideo. This activity
will allowyoutoorganizethe important information obtainedfrom thevideoabout
Communism and Socialism. Afew have beencompletedfor you.
CommunistLeaders
l. Vladimir lenin (1917)
2. Joseph Stalin (1928)
3. MaoTse-Tung (1949)
4.
Nikita Kruschev (1953)
5. Fidel Castro(l958)
6. leonid Breshnev
7.
Mikhail Gorbachev (1982)
By 1866,Marxhadunited laborunionsin:
1. England
2. France
3. Italy
4. Germany
FollowingWorldWarII, Stalin setupcommunistdictatorshipsin:
1. Poland
2. Czechoslovakia
3. Hungary
4. Romania
5. Bulgaria
33
SunburstVisual Media, a division ofClobolVideo, llC Communism& Soc;iolism
Answer Key - After Viewing Activity Sheet 2
Scrambled Words
ROTVLE IRIElvlolLITI
43 32 14
TUPAOllulTlolplllAI
.5 33 16
FAENIM IF\A\MI'!NIEI
37 10 40 19 68 36
CAMPIALIST
61 22 25 28 8
INTIGLEARAA
:2 70 53 52 24 66 13 48
SOLASCIMI
20 26 1 44
15 39 3 46 30
38 57 18 23 41 45 58 9
TAATAINOITRLA ITloITIAILI'ITIAIRIIIAINI
60 56 63 6
RALK RAMX IKIAIRILI IMIAIRlxl
51
JEOHPS NIATSL
54 59 29 42 49 21 71 7 65
55 12 69 4 57 31 50
234 .5 6 7 8 9 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
IllolEIOILIOIGlllEISI IElvlolLlvlElol IFIRlolMI
22 12 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 12 37 38 39 40
IslAIMIEllolElslllRIElol IGIOIAILI B!J
o
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 12 48 49 50 51 52 12 53 54 55 56 57 37 58
IslolclllE\TIYI a IwIHI'lcIHI
59 60 61 62 31 63 64 65 42 66 1 42 29 35 29 67 2 68 47
69 8 43 70 71 72
34 Communi$m & Sociali$m Sunburst Visuol Media, a division of Global Video, LLC
--- ------ -------- ---
Answer Key - After Viewing Activity Sheet 3
Word Search
Find each of the following words in the word search. A secret message will be revealed
once you find all of the words. To find the secret message, start at the beginning of the
word search and write down each letter that is not circled by any word in the puzzle.
Write each letter down in order at the bottom of this page. Keep writing the letters
following the puzzle from left to right.
LENIN TOTALITARIAN MARSHALL PLAN PROLETARIAT
REVOLT CAPITALIST TRUMAN DOCTRINE BOURGEOISIE
STALIN FAMINE COMMUNISM EGALITARIAN
UTOPIA SOCIALISM KARL MARX
P A
C M
R L
I R
0
R L A
G I N E
U MM T 0 K V U J M D J
E R N
I
P
G
A
C
U S
The T rum anD 0 c t r n e wa 5
for con t a i n n 9 Co mm un s m
35
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC Communism & 5ociolism
AnswerKey- AfterViewingActivitySheet4
WhatA Year!
Using informationyou learned inthevideo, fromyoursocial studies textbook, aswellas
from anyotherresourcesyou haveavailable,fill ineach statementwiththeyearthatthe
eventtookplace.
In 1949 ,MaoTse-Tung and hisCommunistpartygained powerinChina.
In 1961 , East Germanforceserected a walltostoptheflowofescapees.
In 1917 , theTsar ofRussia was overthrown.A Marxist revolutionary,Vladimir
lIyich lenin,maneuvered his Bolsheviksintopowertoform theworld'sfirst
Communistgovernment.
In 1961 , Castroannounced totheworld thatCuba was nowa Communist
country.
Joseph Stalin cameto powerin 1928 , and decidedto rid theSoviet Unionof
privateownershiponceagain.
As a result, in 1947 ,PresidentTruman announcedThe Truman Doctrine,
America'sofficial policyforcontaining Communism.
InJune 1989 ,Dengused tanks and soldierstoclearawaythousandsofyoung
peoplewhohad gathered inTiananmen Squaretodemanddemocraticreforms.
In 1945 ,the Labour Partycameto powerin GreatBritain. France, Italy,
Belgium and manyothercountries sawsocialistswin victories intheensuing years.
Inspired byStalin's rapid industrialization oftheSoviet Union,MaointroducedThe
GreatLeap Forward in 1958
Stalin diedin 1953 , andwas succeeded byNikitaKruschev.
In 1848 ,Marxwiththehelpofhis colleague, Friedrich Engels, publishedThe
CommunistManifesto.
By thetimeMikhailGorbachevcameto powerin 1982 , therewereclearsigns
thatCommunismwasn'tworking.
.A CO.M.PAlUSONu
COI'nmlJnism & Sociialisim SunburstVisual Media, a division ofGlobalVideo, llC
------------------
Answer Key - Social Studies Quiz
Social Studies Quiz
r------------------------..--... - - - - ~ - - - _ _
VLADIMIR LENIN IRON CURTAIN CASTRO
WORD
TRUMAN DOCTRINE CAPITALISM BATISTA
BANK:
MIKHAIL GORBACHEV COMMUNISM CUBA
Karl Marx, a German economist, condemned __C_a..:..p_it_a_l_is_m__ for robbing the labor
class of their skills and independence.
The first Communist leader of Russia was
Vladimir Lenin
Under which leader did Communism ultimately collapse in Russia? Mikhail Gorbachev
In 1958, a revolutionary named Fidel __C_a_s_tr_o__ marched into power in Cuba
1988 found the economies throughout Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union on the
verge of collapse. Discontent was reaching the boiling point. Gorbachev decided that
the Iron Curtain needed to be opened at last.
In 1947, President Truman announced The Truman Doctrine ,America's official
policy for containing Communism.
Read the following statements. Decide whether each one is true or false. Circle the
correct letter: T for true, or F for false. If a statement is false, underline the portion of
the sentence that makes it false.
The middle class in society is called the Bourgeoisie.
Karl Marx was a German economist who supported Capitalism.
When Vladimir Lenin came into power in Russia, he allowed peasants to keep
the land they had seized during the revolution, and he allowed them to keep
all of the produce they harvested.
Stalin created a totalitarian regime that controlled all levels of life: all
published materials, education, even open conversation.
T President Truman announced The Truman Doctrine in 1947 as America's 0
official policy for spreading Communism. This policy guaranteed assistance to
any country in the world that wanted to become a communist country.
Communist and Socialist ideologies evolved from the same desired goal: g
society in which everyone is free from government authority to compete and
profit as they wish.
37
----------------- --------------..--.---
Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, LLC Communism & Socialism
~
-------------------
----------------
Answer Key - Vocabulary Quiz
Vocabulary Quiz
Use thevocabularywordsfrom theword boxtocorrectly completeeach sentence.
UTOPIA CAPITALIST PROLETARIAT BOURGEOISIE
WORD
FAMINE COMMUNISM EGALITARIAN TOTALITARIAN
BANK:
REVOLT SOCIALISM
The peoplewhomakeupthemiddle
class arecalled the
Bourgeoisie
When Lenin tookcontrol ofRussia's
manufacturingindustry, food
productionwassufferingwhich resulted
ina famine
To revolt isto rebel
againsta person orgroupofpeople
whoarecontrolling policies ormaking
unwanteddecisions.
UnderStalin a
Totalitarian
regime emerged, a regimethat
controlled all levelsoflife: all
published materials, education, even
openconversation,
A Capitalist country is one
where peoplearefreefrom governmentauthoritytocompeteand profitastheywish.
The Greekworkmeaning "noplace" is Utopia , whichwasSirThomas
More'simaginaryislandwhereeveryone is equal, prosperous, educated, andwise,
The____--'-p_r_o_'e_t_a_"_'a_t_____ is thelaborclass ofsociety.
A(n) egalitarian societyis a classless societywhereeveryoneworks
accordingtohisabilityand receives accordingtohisneeds.
~ 8
Communism & Socialism Sunburst Visual Media, a division of Global Video, llC
Script
-.-
L
CAST
Character
Bob Rue....................................................................Narrator
Richard Dagger .................................................. Interviewee
Mckinnon ............................................................ Interviewee
Chary Castro ......................................................Interviewee
Laticio Singer ......................................................Interviewee
PART ONE
SCENE ONE
Bob Rue
Sinceancienttimes philosophers havedebatedoverhowtocreotethe perfect
world.
Frustrated with problems in societies,theorists have imagined new political,
economic,andsocial structures in which peoplecould exist in perfectharmony.
In 1516,SirThomas Morewroteaboutan imaginaryisland whereeveryone is
equal, prosperous, educated,andwise. He called it Utopia. Theword "utopia" is
Greek, meaning"no place." He chosethis namefora reason.
Humans haveflows anddifferences ofopinion. Therefore,wewill always have
obstacles. Still, weconstantlystriveto improve ourplace in life, and...toeradicate
injustice.
Wars have beenfought and governmentstoppled in hopesofcreatinga more
perfectworld.
Communism and Socialismaretwo ideologiesthathavegenerated ambitious
effortstochangesocietiesand even revolutionize economies.These ideas have
played a large role in thelast 150yearsofhistory.
39
SunburstVisual Media, a division ofGlobalVideo, UC Communism& Socialism
Script
........ .. .. ..
Although they are considered quite different today, communist and socialist
ideologies evolved from the same desired goal...a society in which everyone is
equal. No rich people, no poor people, no private property, no governments. Just
I
harmonious existence.
This is not a new idea. Plato wrote about the virtues of eliminating private
property in the fourth century B.C. in his Republic. This theme has recurred
throughout history in the form of rebellions and communal settlements.
But modern communist and socialist political movements emerged in the 1800's.
Like many ideologies, modern Communism and Socialism were reactions to the
suffering and discontent of the time.
SCENE Two
Bob Rue
During the 1800's industrialized countries in Europe ... especially Great Britain,
Germany, and France...were experiencing unprecedented economic growth as a
result of the Industrial Revolution.
The free-market economic theory of Adam Smith, known as Capitalism,
contributed to the great strides in economic progress. Businesses and investors
were free from government authority to compete and profit as they wished.
This new economic system created a middle class in society, the Bourgeoisie. In
the previous economic feudal system, only wealthy landowners had the freedom
to prosper.
The new capitalist system allowed merchants and entrepreneurs the freedom to
venture into new businesses and gain prosperity.
I
I
Mechanization enabled factory owners to produce more for less, but this hurt the
labor class, or Proletariat.
Prior to the free market, goods were produced by skilled craftsman and artisans.
In the capitalist system these specialized skills lost their value, as machines were
invented that could produce the same goods cheaper and faster.
;;t40
..o ~ n m l m 5 m & Socialism SunburstVisual Media, a division of GlobalVideo, llC
Script
_.-.. --
Karl Marx, a Germaneconomist, condemnedcapitalismfor robbing the labor
classoftheirskills and independence.The system exploited workers, providing
capitalists with anabundanceofcheaplabor. Factoryownerscould payworkers
low wagesandforce themtoworkextremelylong hours in wretched conditions.