NO.

EXPERIMENT : 5
TOPIC EXPERIMENT : UNIFORM FLOW
OBJECTIVE : to determine Mannings roughness coefficient for
surface and base of open channel.
APPARATUS : Open Channel Demonstration apparatus
Manometer
1. Channel element 2.5m 7. Shutoff !al!e
2. "lo# channel element $. %earing pedestal #ith fi&ed centrifugal
'. (roo!e for o!erflo# #eir pump and s#itch bo&
). Outflo# segment *. +ressure line
5. ,ang #ith outflo# !al!e 1-. Outflo# !al!e #ith measuring glands
.. "lo# meter 11. /nclination ad0ustment de!ice
THEORY :
1niform flo# in channel is the canal #idth and depth of #ater at the base is same at
an2 section along the canal. /n that case the !elocit23 ! can be determined b2 usingn
the Mannings e4uation:
5here3
m 6 man h2draulic 6 78+ 9m:
7 6 crosssectional area9m
2
:
+ 6 #etter perimeter 9m:
b 6 base 9m:
d 6 depth of #ater 9m:
i 6 bed slope
; 6 Mannings roughness coefficient
Mannings roughness coefficient3 ; sho#s degree of roughness of a surface
channel. 7lthough these !alue !ar2 #ith depth3 but it is not so ob!ious and can be
regarded as the same.
PROCEDURES :
V = m
2/3

!/2
N
1. <nsure that all s#itches on the control panel of the s#itchbo& are set to -
9O"":.
2. <nsure that the ball coc= in the bottom section of the inflo# segment 97: is
closed.
'. Close all drain !al!es 91-: on the measuring glands in the floor of the channel.
). 5hen the s2stem is properl2 installed3 the tan= can be filled #ith #ater from a
hose.
5. Chec= the tube connections for the lea=s.
.. Set the inclination ad0ustment de!ice 911: to the desired inclination.
7. Close the shutoff !al!e 97: on the deli!er2 side. /t is closed #hen the le!er is
standing !ertical.
$. S#itch on the pump.
*. Slo#l2 open the shutoff !al!e 97: and set the desired flo#.
1-. (et the depth of #ater at an2 part along the channel is uniform flo#. 1se the
point gauge to ensure that situation.
11. (et the #ater le!el b2 using a point gauge and manometer reading to
determined the flo#.
12. >ecord the reading in the table.
1'. >epeat the procedure at step *3 for si& more b2 adding the flo#.
1). S#itch off the pump and set the main s#itch to O"".
15. >educe the inclination to 18)-.
1.. Open the shutoff !al!e 97:. 5ater flo#s through the pressure pipe bac= into
the reser!oir.
17. <nsure drainage b2 connecting a tube to the connection fitting on the drain
!al!e of the reser!oir 95:.
1$. Open the drain !al!e of the reser!oir ? the reser!oir is drained
RESULT :
Manometer
>eading
x (m)
5ater
Depth
H
(m)
"lo#
7rea
A (m2)
5etter
+erimeter
P (m)
Mean
@2draulic
m (m)
Aelocit2
v
(m/s)
"lo# >ate
Q (m3/s)
Mannings
Coefficient
N
-.--2) -.-2) 2.-)&1-
'
-.1'' -.-15 1.1)) 2.'''&1-
'
-.--$-
-.--21 -.-22 1.$7&1-
'
-.12* -.-1) 1.-$) 2.-27&1-
'
-.--$-
-.--1* -.-2- 1.7-&1-
'
-.125 -.-1) 1.-2* 1.75-&1-
'
-.--$5
-.--1. -.-1* 1..2&1-
'
-.12' -.-1' -.*2* 1.5--&1-
'
-.--$*
-.--15 -.-1) 1.1*&1-
'
-.11' -.-11 1.-5- 1.25-&1-
'
-.--71
-.--11 -.--$ ..$-&1-
)
-.1-1 -.--7 1.'$* *.)))&1-
)
-.--)-
"UESTIONS :
i: @o# the channel #all roughness can affect the !elocit2
ii: 5hen the canal or ri!er is considered a state of uniform flo#
iii: Determine #hether the Mannings roughness coefficient 9e&periments:3
;
e&periment
meet Mannings roughtness coefficient 9theor2:3 ;
theor2
CALCULATION
"lo# area3 7 9m
2
: "lo# rate3 B9m
2
8s:
7
1
6 %@
1
B
1
6 7
1
A
1
6 9-.-$5:9-.-2): 6 2.-) & 1-
'
91.1)):
6 2.-) & 1-
'
m
2
6 2.''' & 1-
'
m
2
8s
5etter perimeter3 + 9m: Mannings Coefficient3;
+
1
6 % C2@
1
A
1
6 m
1
28'
i
182
6 -.-$5 C 29-.-2): ;
6 -.1''m 1.1)) 6 9-.215:
28'
& 9-.-225:
182
;
Mean h2draulic3 m 9m: 1.1)) 9;: 6 -.-.1 & -.15
M1 6 7
1
1.1)); 6 *.15 & 1-
'

+
1
6 2.-) & 1-
'
; 6 *.15 & 1-
'
-.1'' 1.1))

6 -.-15 m ; 6 7.**$ & 1-
'
Aelocit23 A 9m8s:
A
1
6 B
1

7
1
6 2.''' & 1-
'
2.-) & 1-
'
6 1.1)) m8s