Reforzamiento con FRP inmerso en vigas y

columnas, NSM
Ana Gabriela Haro, MSc., PhD. (S)
10-12 / Mar / 2014
NC STATE UNIVERSITY
Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Modos de Falla
Modelos
Vigas y Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte
Ingeniera

NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Modos de Falla
Modelos
Vigas y Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte
Ingeniera

Aumento de cargas verticales
Dao en elementos estructurales
Modificaciones en el sistema estructural
Mejoramiento por servicio
Equivocaciones durante procesos de
diseo y/o construccin
Mejoramiento desempeo ssmico
Incremento de Resistencia /
Ductilidad Local
(Elementos)
Sistemas FRP
EB NSM
Encamisados
de Acero
Encamisados
de HA
Sistemas FRP

Externally
Bonded
(EB-FRP)
Near Surface
Mounted
(NSM-FRP)
Historia

grouted reinforcement
embedded reinforcement
Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) FRP reinforcement
1950s 2000s
Corrosin: ms resistente
Instalacin: ms fcil y rpido
Peso: ms ligero
Tamao Ranura: menor
Ventajas NSM FRP
Se reduce la cantidad de trabajo de instalacin.
Es menos prominente a la desunin/despegue del
substrato de concreto.
Las barras pueden ser fcilmente ancladas en
elementos adyacentes para prevenir falla por
desunin/despegue.

Ventajas NSM FRP
Fcilmente adaptable a situaciones donde se
requiera pre-esfuerzo.
Reducida exposicin a agentes ambientales y daos
mecnicos, fuego y vandalismo.
La esttica de la estructura reforzada es
prcticamente inalterada.


NSM FRP


Tcnica prometedora para reforzamiento de estructuras
de hormign armado
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y sistemas
Comportamiento
Modos de Falla
Modelos
Vigas y Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte
Ingeniera
Carbon FRP
(CFRP)
Glass FRP
(GFRP)
Aramid FRP
(AFRP)
Basalt FRP
(BFRP)
Sika, Construccin
Carbon
FRP
(CFRP)
Reforzamiento
Estructuras de
Hormign Armado
Vigas
Columnas
Muros
estructurales
Losas
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
Glass
FRP
(GFRP)
Reforzamiento
Estructuras de
mampostera
Estructuras de
madera
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
Aramid
FRP
(AFRP)
Reforzamiento
Estructuras de
Hormign Armado
Basalt
FRP
(BFRP)
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
Maximize the
bar sectional area for
a given size of square
groove
More readily available
and can be more
easily anchored in
pre-stressing
operations
Maximize the surface
area-to-sectional area
ratio for a given
volume and thus
minimize the risk of
debonding
Bond Efficiency of EBR and NSM FRP Systems for Strengthening
Concrete Members, A. Bilotta; F. Ceroni; M. Di Ludovico; E.
Nigro; M. Pecce; and G. Manfredi
Bond Efficiency of EBR and NSM FRP Systems for Strengthening
Concrete Members, A. Bilotta; F. Ceroni; M. Di Ludovico; E.
Nigro; M. Pecce; and G. Manfredi
k >1.5 smooth or lightly sand-blasted bars
k > 2.0 deformed bars
Epxicos
Pasta de cemento
o mortero
Inferior mechanical
properties and durability
Best performing
Low-viscosity epoxy
High-viscosity epoxy
Propiedades mecnicas ms importantes:
Esfuerzo de tensin
Esfuerzo de corte
minimum value of 1.5 for
k=bg/db for smooth or lightly
sand-blasted bars and a
minimum value of 2.0 for k for
deformed bars.
De Lorenzis:
Parretti and Nanni:
bg and hg should be no less
than 1.5db.
minimum width of a groove
be no less than 3tf and the
minimum depth be no less than
1.5hf.
Parretti and Nanni:
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
ACI440.2R-08
ESPACIAMIENTO Y UBICACIN
Smin > 2.0 hg
Cmin > 4 hg
NOMENCLARURA!!!
C min = 3.5 df



S min = 2.5 df, para evitar falla por desprendimiento
como grupo.


NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Modos de Falla
Modelos

Vigas y Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte
Ingeniera
BE-C: bar-epoxy interface
- cohesive shear failure in
the epoxy
BE-I: bar-epoxy interface interfacial
failure
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
EC-I: epoxy - concrete interface
interfacial failure
EC-C: epoxy - concrete interface
cohesive shear failure in the concrete
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
L. De Lorenzis, J.G. Teng / Composites: Part B 38 (2007) 119143
20 40 MPa
2.1 3.1 MPa
Falla a cortante
por cohesin en el
concreto
Hassan y Rizkalla (1)
Falla a cortante por
cohesin en el
adhesivo
22.5 28.1MPa
15.8 19.8 MPa
Blaschko (2)
(2) Blaschko M. Bond behaviour of CFRP strips glued into slits. In:
Proceedings FRPRCS-6. Singapore: World Scientific; 2003. p. 20514.
(1) Hassan T, Rizkalla S. Investigation of bond in concrete structures
strengthened with near surface mounted carbon fiber reinforced polymer
strips. ASCE J Compos Constr 2003;7(3):24857.
G1vara entre: 0.58 y 1.3
G2 vara entre: 0.5 y 0.72
Hassan y Rizkalla
Falla por desprendimiento de
recubrimiento
Hassan T, Rizkalla S. Bond mechanism of near-surface-mounted
fiber-reinforced polymer bars for flexural strengthening of
concrete structures. ACI Struct J 2004;101(6):8309.
Parmetros influyentes en el comportamiento
(pull-test):

Superficie de las ranuras
Geometra de la ranuras
Tamao de las barras/Bandas
Tipo de barra (material y tratamiento de la superficie)
Longitud de adherencia
Propiedades del adhesivo
Propiedades del concreto
Detalles constructivos que modifican la interaccin entre el
sistema NSM y el concreto (conectores, confinamiento)

Parmetros influyentes en el comportamiento
(vigas a flexin):

Capacidad de carga
Tamao de las barras/Bandas
Longitud de adherencia
Modo de falla

Rigidez
Mdulo de elasticidad del FRP
Longitud de adherencia
Curvas tpicas de bond-slip
Curvas tpicas de bond-slip
Curvas tpicas de bond-slip
Curvas tpicas de bond-slip
Esfuerzo por corte vs. deformacin
longitudinal es lineal
] ]
Af =bp*tp
Ejemplo 1:
Near-surface mounted
CFRP pultruded strips:
Ep = 165 GPa, fr = 2,400 MPa,
tp = 1.4 mm, bp = 25 mm
f'c = 30 MPa;
fy,12M = 500 MPa;
fy,16M = 485 MPa.
Sistema de reforzamiento:
Ejemplo 1:
Seracino et al
CFRP pultruded strips
Ep [MPa] = 1.65E+05
fr [MPa] = 2400
n= 1
tp [mm] = 1.4
tpeq [mm] = 1.4
bc [mm] = 300
f'c [MPa] = 30
bf [mm] = 3.4
ap= 1

bp [mm] = 25.00
df [mm] = 26.00
Lper [mm] = 55.40
df/bf = 7.6471
tmax [MPa] = 10.763
dmax [mm] = 2.035
Ap [mm2] = 35.00
Le [mm] = 220.51
PIC [N] (10) = 83704.961
PIC [N] (14) = 77673.598
sIC [MPa] (10) = 2391.57031
sIC [MPa] (14) = 2219.24566
eIC (10) = 0.01449
eIC (14) = 0.01345
eu = 0.01455
ACI 440.2R-08 10.1
CFRP pultruded strips
Ep [MPa] = 1.65E+05
fr [MPa] = 2400
n= 1
eIC = 0.01018
eu = 0.01455
sIC [MPa] = 1680.00
PIC [N] = 58800.00
n = 1
Near-surface mounted
CFRP pultruded strips:
Ep = 165 GPa, fr = 2,400 MPa,
tp = 1.4 mm, bp = 25 mm
Ejemplo 1:
Seracino et al
CFRP pultruded strips
Ep [MPa] = 1.65E+05
fr [MPa] = 2400
n= 2
tp [mm] = 1.4
tpeq [mm] = 2.8
bc [mm] = 300
f'c [MPa] = 30
bf [mm] = 6.8
ap= 1
ACI 440.2R-08 10.1
CFRP pultruded strips
Ep [MPa] = 1.65E+05
fr [MPa] = 2400
n= 2
eIC = 0.01018
eu = 0.01455
sIC [MPa] = 1680.00
PIC [N] = 117600.00
n = 2
PIC [N] (14) = 95162.250
sIC [MPa] (10) = 1451.88108
sIC [MPa] (14) = 1359.46072
eIC (10) = 0.00880
eIC (14) = 0.00824
eu = 0.01455
Ejemplo 1:
Ejemplo 1:
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Vigas y Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte

Ingeniera
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Vigas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte

Ingeniera
Reforzamiento a flexin
Behavior and modeling of RC beams
strengthened in Flexure with Near-Surface
Mounted FRP Strips, Shi-Shun Zhang, 2011
Behavior and modeling of RC beams
strengthened in Flexure with Near-Surface
Mounted FRP Strips, Shi-Shun Zhang, 2011
Behavior and modeling of RC beams
strengthened in Flexure with Near-Surface
Mounted FRP Strips, Shi-Shun Zhang, 2011
1. IC Debonding
Seracino
From ACI approach

2. CDC Debonding
Rigorous approach
Direct approach

3. PE Debonding
Direct approach

4. Rupture FRP
Control: Ultimate Stress in NSM - FRP

5. Concrete Crushing
Control: Ultimate Strain in concrete
IC Debonding and CDC Debonding
A.G.Haro, from ACI440.2R-08, Seracino (2007),
and Smith and Teng (2002)
Vnsm-end < 1.4 Vc
Rigorous CDC Debonding
Mpe < 2/3 Mu
Bar-end debonding
Pmax = 151.7 KN
Mn = 98.86 kN.m
f'c = 30 MPa; fy,12M = 500 MPa; and fy,16M = 485 MPa.
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
X: 0.1503
Y: 98.86
Curvature, [1/m]
N
o
m
i
n
a
l

M
o
m
e
n
t
,

[
k
N
.
m
]
Moment - Curvature
Mn = 125 kN.m Reforzamiento requerido para alacanzar:
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
X: 0.02225
Y: 129.9
Curvature, [1/m]
N
o
m
i
n
a
l

M
o
m
e
n
t
,

[
k
N
.
m
]
Moment - Curvature
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
M
o
m
e
n
t
o

[
k
N
.
m
]

Curvatura [1/m]
Momento - curvatura
US.B.
S.B.
Nota: La curva para S.B. contina hasta
que se produzca falla en concreto o acero
Comparacin entre barras y Bandas; y entre diferentes sistemas
Comparacin entre barras y Bandas; y entre diferentes sistemas
EFFECTIVENESS OF NEAR SURFACE MOUNTED FRP REINFORCEMENT FOR
FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
R. El-Hacha, J.N. da Silva Filho and G.S. Melo, S.H. Rizkalla, 2004
Comparacin entre barras y Bandas; y entre diferentes sistemas
Reforzamiento a cortante
Near surface mounted FRP reinforcement for strengthening of
concrete structures. Zsombor Klmn Szab / Gyrgy L. Balzs
Strengthening of RC Members Using Near-Surface
Mounted FRP Composites: Design Overview, Renato
Parretti and Antonio Nanni, 2004
Strengthening of RC Members Using Near-Surface
Mounted FRP Composites: Design Overview, Renato
Parretti and Antonio Nanni, 2004
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Columnas
Reforzamiento a flexin y corte
Ingeniera
1. IC Debonding

1. CDC Debonding
Rigorous approach
Direct approach

2. PE Debonding
Direct approach

3. Rupture FRP
Control: Ultimate Stress in NSM - FRP

4. Concrete Crushing
Control: Ultimate Strain in Concrete

5. Buckling
Control: Appropriate confinement
FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF RC COLUMNS WITH NEAR SURFACE
MOUNTED FRP OR STAINLESS STEEL REINFORCEMENT:
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION, D.A. Bournas and T.C. Triantafillou
FLEXURAL ENHANCEMENT OF RC COLUMNS WITH FRP,
M.Sarafraz and F.Danesh, 2008
FLEXURAL ENHANCEMENT OF RC COLUMNS WITH FRP,
M.Sarafraz and F.Danesh, 2008
FLEXURAL ENHANCEMENT OF RC COLUMNS WITH FRP,
M.Sarafraz and F.Danesh, 2008
Flexural Behavior of Concrete Columns Strengthened with
Near Surface Mounted FRP Bars. F. Danesh, B. Baradaran
Noveiri, 2010
Lda = 12.5db
Near surface mounted FRP reinforcement for strengthening of
concrete structures. Zsombor Klmn Szab / Gyrgy L. Balzs, 2007
The test showed a significant
increase of the load carrying
capacity of both PRE and POS
strengthened columns
Near-Surface-Mounted Composite System for Repair and
Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Axial
Load and Biaxial Bending,Tamer El-Maaddawy and Amr S. El-Dieb
NSM FRP Introduccin
Materiales y Sistemas
Comportamiento
Vigas y Columnas
Ingeniera
Aslan FRP
Fire Tests on RC Beams Strengthened with
NSM. A. Palmieri, S. Matthys & L. Taerwe
FIRE TESTS ON NSM FRP STRENGTHENED AND
INSULATED BEAMS. A. Palmieri, S. Matthys & L. Taerwe
Refuerzo estructural Referencias
Project Name: ShahidKord 50 unit building, Tehran
Reason of Retrofitting: Increasing Building Stories, Building didnt conform
to the requirement of well developed earthquake code.
Retrofit method: Adding Shear walls, strengthening of beams with FRP
rebars via NSM method.
Hasta pronto
Ana Gabriela Haro Bez
agharo@ncsu.edu
"El conocimiento no es una
vasija que se llena, sino un
fuego que se enciende
(Plutarco)