CHAPTER 7

The Road to Revolution, 1763-1775

IV. SINGLE ANSWER !LTI"LE #$%I#E.
Mark the one best answer for each of the following questions.
1. Change in colonial policy by the British government that helped precipitate the American Revolution
involved
a. removing British troops from American soil.
b. beginning a war with pain.
c. removing the ma!ority of the British navy from American waters.
d. compelling the American colonists to shoulder some of the financial costs of the empire.
e. all of the above.
". #hen it came to the Revolution$ it could be said that the American colonists were
a. eager revolutionaries.
b. up until the end wanting more than the %rights of &nglishmen.'
c. little concerned about economics.
d. clearly opposed to tightening commercial bonds to the British.
e. reluctant revolutionaries.
(. )n a broad sense$ America was
a. a revolutionary force from the day of its discovery by &uropeans.
b. a place that nurtured a love for Britain.
c. completely dependent on Britain for economic support.
d. a place where no new ideas took shape.
e. none of the above.
*. +he American colonial e,ponents of republicanism argued that a !ust society depends on
a. a powerful central government.
b. a weak army.
c. a strong aristocratic tradition.
d. support for hierarchical institutions.
e. the willingness of all citi-ens to subordinate their private interests to the common good.
.. Republican belief held that the stability of society and the authority of the government
a. rested with the legislature.
b. depended on a strong hierarchical culture.
c. rested with a strong monarchy.
d. rested on an interdependence of all citi-ens.
e. depended on the virtue of its citi-enry.
/. +he %radical whigs' feared
a. too much democracy.
b. a written constitution.
c. the arbitrary power of the monarchy.
d. a too powerful parliament.
e. all of the above.
0. Mercantilists believed that
a. a mother country needed to import more goods than it e,ported.
b. power came from a small colonial empire.
c. the mother country produced raw materials and colonies produced the finished product.
d. a country1s economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold and silver in its treasury.
e. colonies drained a country of its resources.
2. +he founding of the American colonies by the British was
a. accomplished in a well3planned fashion.
b. based on the high3minded aspirations of groups such as the 4uritans and the 5uakers.
c. undertaken by the government in every case.
d. undertaken in a hapha-ard manner.
e. rarely undertaken by trading companies or religious groups.
6. 7nder mercantilist doctrine$ the American colonies were e,pected to do all of the following except
a. supply Britain with raw materials not available there.
b. become economically self3sufficient as soon as possible.
c. furnish ships$ seamen$ and trade to bolster the strength of the Royal 8avy.
d. provide a market for British manufactured goods.
e. refrain from e,porting woolen cloth.
19. +he first 8avigation :aws were designed to
a. help colonists get the best possible price for their trade goods.
b. eliminate ;utch shippers from the American carrying trade.
c. foster a colonial economy that would offer healthy competition with Britain1s.
d. encourage agricultural e,perimentation in the colonies.
e. support the mapping of the Atlantic trade routes.
11. +he British 4arliament enacted currency legislation that was intended primarily to benefit
a. <irginia tobacco planters.
b. British merchants.
c. 8ew &ngland merchants.
d. backwoods farmers.
e. the Crown.
1". +he British Crown1s %royal veto' of colonial legislation
a. was used frequently to overturn laws passed in colonial assemblies.
b. prohibited colonists from conducting the slave trade.
c. was what finally provoked the #ar of )ndependence.
d. was used sparingly by the British 4arliament.
e. was opposed by many members of the British 4arliament.
1(. 7nder the mercantilist system$ the British government reserved the right to do all of the following
regarding the American colonies except
a. prevent the colonies from developing militias.
b. restrict the passage of la, bankruptcy laws.
c. nullify any colonial legislation deemed bad for the mercantilist system.
d. restrain the colonies from printing paper currency.
e. enumerate products that must be shipped to Britain.
1*. Before 10/( the 8avigation :aws
a. were enforced heavily in the American colonies and were very effective.
b. hurt =reat Britain more than the American colonies.
c. were a great burden to only )ndia.
d. discouraged smuggling by American colonial merchants.
e. were only loosely enforced in the American colonies.
1.. ;espite the benefits of the mercantile system$ the American colonists disliked it because
a. it forced the outh into a one3crop economy.
b. it favored the northern over the southern colonies.
c. it forced economic initiative on the colonists.
d. it kept them in a state of perpetual economic adolescence.
e. all of the above.
1/. )n some ways$ the 8avigation :aws were a burden to certain colonists because
a. northern merchants derived greater benefit from the system than did southern planters.
b. those colonists were heavily ta,ed to help provide financing for the Royal 8avy$ which protected
colonial and British trade.
c. they stifled economic initiative.
d. Britain had the only &uropean empire based on mercantilistic principles.
e. they gave greater benefits to slaves holders.
10. A new relationship between Britain and its American colonies was initiated in 10/( when >>>>>>>>>>
assumed charge of colonial policy.
a. Charles +ownshend
b. =eorge =renville
c. :ord 8orth
d. #illiam 4in
e. ?ing =eorge )))
12. Match each act below with the correct description.
A. ugar Act 1. first British law intended to raise revenues in the colonies
B. tamp Act ". asserted 4arliament1s absolute power over the colonies
C. ;eclaratory Act (. required colonists to lodge British troops in their homes
*. generated the most protest in the colonies.
a. A3($ B3"$ C3l
b. A31$ B3*$ C3(
c. A31$ B3*$ C3(
d. A31$ B3*$ C3"
e. A3"$ B31$ C3*
16 +he first law ever passed by 4arliament for raising ta, revenues in the colonies for the crown was the
a. tamp Act.
b. ;eclaratory Act.
c. +ownshend Acts.
d. 5uartering Act.
e. ugar Act.
"9. +he British 4arliament passed the tamp Act to
a. raise money to support new military forces needed for colonial defense.
b. punish the American colonists.
c. reduce the number of printed documents in America.
d. enable ta, collectors to become wealthy.
e. raise ta,es to a higher level than in Britain.
"1. 4assage of the ugar Act and the tamp Act
a. led many colonists to believe that the British were e,panding colonial freedom.
b. convinced many colonists that the British were trying to takeaway their historic liberty.
c. resulted in fewer laws being passed by 4arliament regarding the colonies.
d. e,emplified to many colonists the difference between legislation and ta,ation.
e. required action by each colonial legislature.
"". 7nlike the >>>>>>>>>> Act$ the >>>>>>>>>> Act and the >>>>>>>>>> Act were both indirect ta,es on
trade goods arriving in American ports.
a. +ownshend$ tamp$ ugar
b. tamp$ ugar$ +ownshend
c. tamp$ 5uartering$ +ownshend
d. ;eclaratory$ tamp$ ugar
e. 5uartering$ tamp$ ugar
"(. Arrange the following events in chronological order@ AAB ugar Act$ ABB ;eclaratory Act$ ACB tamp
Act$ A;B repeal of the tamp Act.
a. A$ C$ ;$ B
b. C$ A$ ;$ B
c. C$ B$ A$ ;
d. B$ A$ C$ ;
e. A$ B$ ;$ C
"*. Colonists ob!ected to the tamp Act because
a. it was a very e,pensive ta,.
b. they believed it could not be repealed.
c. 4arliament passed the ta,$ not the colonists.
d. they opposed all ta,es.
e. they wanted their independence.
".. #hen colonists shouted %8o ta,ation without representation$' they were re!ecting 4arliament1s power
to
a. legislate for the colonies in any matter whatsoever.
b. levy revenue3raising ta,es on the colonies.
c. enforce the old 8avigation :aws.
d. regulate trade in the empire.
e. choose colonial legislators who would pass ta,es.
"/. Actions taken by the colonists that helped them unite include
a. the tamp Act Congress.
b. nonimportation agreements.
c. spinning bees.
d. the making and wearing of homemade woolen goods.
e. all of the above.
"0. %<irtual' representation meant that
a. almost all British sub!ects were represented in 4arliament.
b. every member of 4arliament represented all British sub!ects.
c. colonists could elect their own representatives to 4arliament.
d. 4arliament could pass virtually all types of legislation e,cept ta,es.
e. each member of 4arliament represented only people in his district.
"2. Colonial protest against the tamp Act took the form of
a. convening a colonial congress to request repeal of the act.
b. a colonial boycott against British goods.
c. violence in several colonial towns.
d. wearing homemade woolen clothes.
e. all of the above.
"6. As a result of American opposition to the +ownshend Acts$
a. British officials sent regiments of troops to Boston to restore law and order.
b. the port of Boston was closed.
c. Americans killed several British soldiers in the Boston Massacre.
d. 4arliament repealed all of the ta,es levied under this legislation.
e. 4rime Minister +ownshend was forced to resign.
(9. +he colonists took the +ownshend Acts less seriously than the tamp Act because
a. they saw the futility of resistance.
b. smuggling was nearly impossible.
c. it was a direct ta,.
d. the items ta,ed were rarely used.
e. )t was light and indirect.
(1. Arrange these events in chronological order@ AAB Boston Massacre$ ABB +ownshend Acts$ ACB +ea Act$
A;B )ntolerable Acts.
a. A$ B$ C$ ;
b. ;$ B$ C$ A
c. C$ B$ ;$ A
d. B$ A$ C$ ;
e. A$ C$ ;$ B
(". Match each individual on the left with the correct description.
A. amuel Adams 1. a casualty of the Boston Massacre
B. Cohn Adams ". a foreign volunteer who drilled American troops during the #ar of
)ndependence
C. Crispus Attucks (. a pamphleteer who first organi-ed committees to e,change ideas and
information on resisting British policy
*. a Massachusetts politician who opposed the moderates1 solution to the
imperial crisis at the Dirst Continental Congress
a. A3*$ B3($ C3"
b. A3($ B3*$ C31
c. A3"$ B3*$ C3"
d. A3"$ B31$ C3(
e. A3*$ B3 1$ C3"
((. +he ta, on tea was retained when the +ownshend Acts were repealed because
a. 4arliament believed the colonists would not ob!ect.
b. the money was needed to support troops.
c. it kept alive the principle of parliamentary ta,ation.
d. it was the only ta, passed by the colonists.
e. colonial governors requested it.
(*. +he local committees of correspondence organi-ed by amuel Adams
a. promoted his bid to become governor of Massachusetts.
b. promoted independent action in each colony to support the British.
c. kept opposition to the British alive$ through e,change of propaganda.
d. served as a precursor to the 7nited tates 4ostal ervice.
e. led the Boston Massacre.
(.. Arrange the following events in chronological order@ AAB clash at :e,ington and Concord$ ABB meeting
of the Dirst Continental Congress$ ACB 5uebec Act$ A;B Boston +ea 4arty.
a. C$ ;$ A$ B
b. B$ A$ C$ ;
c. ;$ C$ B$ A
d. A$ B$ ;$ C
e. A$ ;$ C$ B
(/. #hen 4arliament passed the +ea Act$ colonists
a. re!oiced that 4arliament had seemingly accepted the American definition of representation.
b. suspected that it was a trick to get them to violate their principle of %8o ta,ation without
representation.'
c. immediately called the Dirst Continental Congress into session.
d. avoided the ta, on tea by buying their tea directly from the British &ast )ndia Company.
e. gave up tea and turned to coffee.
(0. +he Boston +ea 4arty of 100( was
a. an isolated incident.
b. directed only at the British &ast )ndia Company.
c. not the only such protest to occur.
d. supported by friends of America in Britain.
e. the result of the )ntolerable Acts.
(2. +he most drastic measure of the )ntolerable Acts was the
a. 5uartering Act.
b. 5uebec Act.
c. ugar Act.
d. Courts Act.
e. Boston 4ort Act.
(6. +he 5uebec Act
a. outlawed Catholicism in British 5uebec.
b. denied 5uebec a representative assembly and trial by !ury.
c. restricted 5uebec1s boundaries to the area north of the =reat :akes.
d. was generally ignored by the thirteen seaboard colonies because it had little effect on their relations
with Britain.
e. granted 5uebec a representative assembly and trial by !ury.
*9. +he 5uebec Act was especially unpopular in the American colonies because it did all of the following
except
a. turn an e,tensive amount of territory over to Catholic control.
b. affect many colonies$ not !ust Massachusetts.
c. deny the Drench the right to retain many of their old customs.
d. alarm land speculators$ who saw a huge area snatched from their grasp.
e. it set a dangerous precedent against !ury trials.
*1. +he Dirst Continental Congress was called in order to
a. consider ways of redressing colonial grievances.
b. become a legislative body.
c. write the ;eclaration of )ndependence.
d. decide which of 4arliament1s ta,es the colonies would and would not pay.
e. help implement provisions of the 5uebec Act.
*". +he Dirst Continental Congress
a. was attended by delegates from each of the thirteen colonies.
b. adopted a moderate proposal for establishing a kind of home rule for the colonies under British
direction.
c. made a ringing declaration of America1s independence from Britain.
d. called for a complete boycott of British goods.
e. ad!ourned shortly after convening.
*(. As a result of 4arliament1s re!ection of the petitions of the Continental Congress$
a. Americans reluctantly obeyed the British laws.
b. fighting and bloodshed took place$ and war began.
c. am Adams and Cohn Eancock were arrested.
d. America sent new petitions to 4arliament.
e. Ben Dranklin returned to the colonies since his efforts failed.
**. As the #ar for )ndependence began$ Britain had the advantage of
a. overwhelming national wealth and naval power.
b. an alliance with pain and Eolland.
c. a well3organi-ed and united home government and population.
d. first3rate generals and a well3supplied professional army.
e. all of the above.
*.. All of the following were weaknesses of the British military during the #ar for )ndependence except
a. second3rate officers.
b. soldiers who were incapable of fighting effectively.
c. the need to keep many soldiers in &urope in case of trouble.
d. the long supply lines.
e. brutal treatment of their soldiers.
*/. Many #higs in Britain hoped for an American victory in the #ar for )ndependence because they
a. favored Drench domination of 8orth America.
b. were strongly pacifist.
c. feared that if =eorge ))) triumphed$ his rule at home might become tyrannical.
d. re!ected colonialism.
e. opposed the mercantilist system.
*0. As the #ar for )ndependence began$ the colonies had the advantage of
a. highly reliable and well3supplied troops.
b. potential aid from the Armed 8eutrality :eague.
c. a well3organi-ed$ strongly committed$ and united population.
d. many outstanding civil and military leaders.
e. able naval leaders.
*2. +he colonists faced all of the following weaknesses in the #ar for )ndependence except
a. poor organi-ation.
b. sectional !ealousy$ which constantly interfered with the appointment of military leaders.
c. great difficulties in raising money to support the army.
d. the use of numerous &uropean officers.
e. a weak central authority running the war effort.
*6. By the end of the #ar for )ndependence$
a. the ma!ority of Americans supported independence with selfless devotion.
b. America had an army larger than Britain1s.
c. the American military no longer needed foreign assistance.
d. a few thousand American regular troops were finally whipped into shape.
e. America had built a strong navy.
.9. African Americans during the Revolutionary #ar
a. fought for both the Americans and the British.
b. fought only for the British.
c. fought only for the Americans.
d. supported neither side$ as both enslaved them.
e. sei-ed the opportunity to gain their freedom by running away to Barbados.
.1. Regarding American independence$
a. a ma!ority of Americans supported the cause selflessly.
b. most of the American business community sacrificed profit for victory.
c. Drance gave little assistance.
d. only a select minority supported independence with selfless devotion.
e. pain was in total opposition.