THE LEGEND OF SANGKURIANG

Condemned deities.
According to the legend, once upon a time in svargaloka a pair of deities, a god and a goddess
committed a terrible sin. As punishment, Batari Sunan Ambu (highest mother goddess also the
queen of heaven in Sundanese mythology) banished them from svargaloka and incarnated them on
earth as animalsthe god become a dog named Tumang, while the goddess become a boar named
Celeng Wayungyang. One day a Sundanese king went to a jungle to hunt but then got lost and
separated from his guard. The king urinated upon the bushes and his urine accidentally collected in a
dried coconut shell. The Celeng Wayungyang, which happened to be in the vicinity, drank the king's
urine to quench her thirst. Unbeknownst to her, the urine she had drunk contained a bit of his sperm
and that subsequently impregnated Celeng Wayungyang. Being an animal demigod, she became
instantly pregnant and bore a child just hours later. The king, who was still in the jungle, heard the
baby crying and found her lying among the bushes. He took her back to his kingdom, adopted and
raised her as his own daughter, never realising that she was actually his real daughter.

Dayang Sumbi's swear.
The baby girl grew up to be a beautiful girl named Dayang Sumbi and many nobles and princes tried
to court her but none caught her interest. Her favourite thing to do is weaving and she spent most of
her time creating numerous beautiful cloths and textiles. She usually did her weaving in a section of
the palace with an elevated pavilion in the garden. Then, one day the terompong (bamboo or
wooden cylinder to spin the threads) fell out and into grounds outside the palace. As she was of
nobility, she was forbidden to leave the palace on foot and was always carried around but without
anyone near to help her, she grew anxious to retrieve her '"teropong". In her anxiety, she made a
promise out loud "Whomever picks the terompong for me will be rewarded, if she is a female, I will
treat her as close as my own sister, and if he is a male I shall marry him." Suddenly Tumang, the dog
god came out of nowhere and retrieved the terompong for her. Princess Dayang Sumbi felt obliged
to fulfill her promise and married him anyway despite Tumang being a dog. Naturally, the union
caused an uproar and ensuing scandal in the palace. The king was utterly ashamed and embarrassed
by the actions of his daughter and banished the princess into the woods. Feeling sorry for their
princess, the king's subjects built her a modest cottage in the forest and left her alone with Tumang.
She soon discovered that Tumang is a supernatural being and during the full moon, was able to
transform back into his original form; as a handsome god. Dayang Sumbi lived in a daze for a while,
thinking that it was a strange dream that once a month, a handsome man appeared to her and they
make passionate love. They make love and fall passionately in love, after which Dayang Sumbi
subsequently is impregnated and bears of Tumang's child. That child was named Sangkuriang.

Sangkuriang grew up to be an active and strong boy. Then, around the time he was 10 years old, his
mother came to him with her craving for deer liver and asked him to get one for her. Sangkuriang
went for a hunt, accompanied with his dog, Tumang, which Sangkuriang still doesn't know, is
actually his father. Curiously, there was neither game animal or deer in the woods when Sangkuriang
suddenly spotted a wild boar (the boar which is actually Celeng Wayungyang, his grandmother). He
gave a chase and tried to shoot her with his arrow but was stopped by Tumang, who had realised
that the boar was actually Sangkuriang's own grandmother. Wayungyang manages to escape and
this angers Sangkuriang who takes it out on Tumang and then accidentally hurts Tumang. Tumang
died from his injuries and this further devastated Sangkuriang, who now has to come home empty
handed to his mother. So, he cuts Tumang up and took his heart out to bring it back home to his
mother. Upon his death, Tumang's soul, returned to the svargaloka as the deity he was since he had
lived out his punishment as a dog on earth.

Sangkuriang returned home to his mother with the promised meat and she unsuspectingly cooks it.
After the meal, Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang to summon Tumang to give him his share of the
cooked liver. Feeling immense shame and guilt at the realisation that he had killed his good friend,
Sangkuriang confesses that the liver they had just eaten was actually Tumang's. Outraged and
horrified, Dayang Sumbi hits Sangkuriang on the head with a centong (rice scoop spoon) so hard that
Sangkuriang bled. Sangkuriang had never seen his mother so angry and her horror at his actions
shocked him so much that he runs out of the house into the woods. Convinced that his mother hates
him for killing Tumang, Sangkuriang decides not to return home and seeks out to live a life for
himself in the woods. By now, Dayang Sumbi has calmed down but fails to track Sangkuriang down in
the woords. In her distress, she prayed to the gods to reunite her with her son someday and swears
never to eat any type of meat ever again.

The reunion and impossible task.
Sangkuriang suffered amnesia as a result of being hit in the head by his mother and slowly loses all
memory of her. After running away from home, he met a powerful wise hermit who adopted him
and taught him pencak silat (martial arts) as well as supernatural skills to control the guriang, a type
of hyang spirit. Sangkuriang grew up to be a handsome, strong man who puts his strength to good
use by helping villagers in their fights against bandits and other troublemakers. Despite his carefree
life, fate would intervene when he saw a beautiful girl in front of a small cottage on his way home
through the forest. They started chatting and then spent more and more time together, eventually
falling in love and made plans to marry. Never once did Sangkuriang recognised the cottage to be his
childhood home and the beautiful girl to be his own mother.

One day before the planned wedding, Dayang Sumbi was brushing Sangkuriang's hair when she
recognised a scar on Sangkuriang's head. All the pieces fell together and she suddenly realized that
she had fallen in love with her own son who had left her 12 years previously. Horrified, she knew
immediately she could not marry her own son and revealed the whole truth to Sangkuriang and
begged him to call off the wedding. But Sangkuriang did not believe her and insisted on going
through with the wedding. Dayang Sumbi tried to further discourage Sangkuriang by presenting
what she thought would be some impossible tasks for Sangkuriang to do as her conditions to marry
him. First, Sangkuriang had to build her a great lake by filling the whole valley with water and then
she asked for a boat so both of them could sail in it into the lake. The catch was that both tasks had
to be completed in one night. Sangkuriang accepted the challenge and with the help of some
guriangs (heavenly spirits or gods in ancient Sundanese belief), he dammed the Citarum river with
landslides. The river's water rose and filled the plain, transforming it into a lake. Then, Sangkuriang
completed his second part of Dayang Sumbi's conditions by cutting down a massive tree to make a
boat.

When dawn broke, Sangkuriang had almost completed building the boat and this mortified Dayang
Sumbi who had been convinced that he would fail. Refusing to give up, she made a final great prayer
call to God for help. She wove her magic shawl and filled the eastern horizon with flashes of light.
Deceived by what appeared to be dawn, cocks crowed and farmers rose for a new day.

The origin of Mount Tangkuban Parahu.
Sangkuriang thought that he had failed. In his anger, he kicked the boat that he had built and it fell,
turning upside down, transformed it into Mount Tangkuban Parahu (in Sundanese, "tangkuban"
means "upturned" or "upside down", and "parahu" means "boat.") The wood left over from the boat
became Mt. Burangrang, the rest of the huge tree became Mount Bukit Tunggul and the lake
became Lake Bandung. Sangkuriang was now frustrated but he still refused to give up on Dayang
Sumbi. In his despair, he tried to force himself on Dayang Sumbi but she managed to break free and
ran away from him. Sangkuriang gave chase and when he almost caught up with her at Gunung
Putri, Dayang Sumbi begged The Almighty to help her one last time. In response, she was
transformed into a Jaksi flower and as a result, Sangkuriang failed to find her in his search
throughout the jungles and went insane.

Centuries later, this tale lives on as a local legend on how the Lake Bandung and Mount Tangkuban
Parahu were created. Under a strong influence of spirits, ghosts and gods, geologic facts were woven
together into a tale which has become a legend in those parts of Indonesia and which has been
passed down from generation to generation. It has become intertwined with the lives of its
inhabitants and the place itself.

INDONESIAN TRANSLATION
Menurut legenda, suatu hari di svargaloka ada sepasang dewa, dewa dan dewi itu melakukan dosa
besar. Sebagai hukuman, Batari Sunan Ambu (ibu dewi tertinggi juga ratu surga dalam mitologi
Sunda) dibuang dari svargaloka ke bumi dan menjelma seperti hewan-dewa. Dan ada yang berupa
anjing bernama Tumang, sementara Dewi menjadi babi hutan bernama Celeng Wayungyang. Suatu
hari seorang raja Sunda pergi ke hutan untuk berburu tetapi kemudian tersesat dan terpisah dari
pengawalnya. Raja itu buang air di atas semak-semak dan urinenya sengaja dikumpulkan dalam
tempurung kelapa kering. Celeng Wayungyang, yang kebetulan berada di sekitar, minum urine raja
untuk menghilangkan dahaganya. Tanpa sepengetahuan dia, urin itu mengandung sedikit sperma
dan yang kemudian menyebar ke dalam tubuh Celeng Wayungyang. Karena Menjadi manusia
setengah dewa dan hewan, ia hamil dan melahirkan seorang anak hanya beberapa jam kemudian.
Raja, yang masih di hutan, mendengar bayi menangis dan menemukannya tergeletak di antara
semak-semak. Dia membawanya kembali ke kerajaannya, diadopsi dan dibesarkan sebagai anaknya
sendiri, tidak pernah menyadari bahwa anak itu benar-benar anaknya.

Bayi perempuan itu tumbuh menjadi seorang gadis cantik bernama Dayang Sumbi dan banyak
bangsawan dan pangeran mencoba memilikinya, tapi tidak dapat terkabulkan. Hal favoritnya adalah
menenun dan ia menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya menciptakan banyak kain indah dan tekstil.
Dia biasanya melakukan tenun nya di bagian istana di paviliun tinggi di taman. Kemudian, suatu hari
Terompong (bambu atau kayu silinder untuk memutar benang) jatuh dan menjadi heboh di luar
istana. Karena dia bangsawan, dia dilarang untuk meninggalkan istana dengan berjalan kaki dan
selalu dibawa berkeliling dengan para prajurit kerajaan, ia menjadi cemas untuk mengambil
'"Teropong". Dalam kecemasannya, dia membuat janji "Siapa pun yang bisa mengambil Terompong
untukku, saya akan hargai. jika dia seorang wanita, saya akan memperlakukannya sedekat kakak
saya sendiri, dan jika dia adalah seorang laki-laki aku akan menikah dengannya." Tiba-tiba Tumang,
dewa anjing datang entah dari mana dan mengambil Terompong untuknya. Putri Dayang Sumbi
merasa wajib untuk memenuhi janjinya dan tetap menikah dengannya meskipun Tumang menjadi
anjing. Tentu, itu semua menyebabkan kegemparan dan membuat skandal di istana. Raja adalah
benar-benar malu dan malu dengan tindakan putrinya dan mengusir sang putri ke hutan. Merasa
kasihan pada putri mereka, pembantu raja membangun sebuah pondok sederhana di hutan untuk
Dayang sumbi dan meninggalkannya sendiri dengan Tumang. Dia segera menemukan bahwa
Tumang adalah makhluk supranatural dan saat bulan purnama, mampu berubah kembali ke bentuk
aslinya; sebagai dewa tampan. Dayang Sumbi linglung untuk sementara waktu, berpikir bahwa itu
adalah mimpi yang aneh, seorang pria tampan muncul padanya dan mereka bercinta penuh gairah.
setelah itu Dayang Sumbi kemudian hamil dan melahirkan anak Tumang ini. Anak itu bernama
Sangkuriang.

Sangkuriang tumbuh menjadi seorang anak yang aktif dan kuat. Kemudian, sekitar waktu ia berusia
10 tahun, ibunya datang kepadanya dengan meminta tolong untuk mencarikan hati rusa dan
memintanya untuk mendapatkan satu untuknya. Sangkuriang pergi untuk berburu, disertai dengan
anjingnya, Tumang, Sangkuriang masih tidak tahu, itu sebenarnya ayahnya. Anehnya, tidak ada rusa
di hutan dan Sangkuriang tiba-tiba melihat babi hutan (celeng yang sebenarnya Celeng Wayungyang,
neneknya). Dia mengejar dan mencoba untuk menembak dia dengan panahnya tapi dihentikan oleh
Tumang, yang telah menyadari bahwa babi itu sebenarnya nenek Sangkuriang sendiri. Wayungyang
berhasil melarikan diri dan Sangkuriang marah dan melampiaskannya pada Tumang dan kemudian
sengaja menyakiti Tumang. Tumang meninggal akibat luka-lukanya, ia tidak bisa pulang dengan
tangan kosong. Jadi, ia memotong Tumang dan mengambil hatinya dan membawanya pulang ke
ibunya. Setelah kematiannya, jiwa Tumang itu, kembali ke svargaloka sebagai dewa karena dia diberi
hukuman sebagai anjing di bumi.

Sangkuriang pulang ke ibunya dengan daging yang dijanjikan dan dia secara tidak terduga
memasaknya. Setelah memakannya, Dayang Sumbi meminta Sangkuriang untuk memanggil Tumang
untuk memberinya bagiannya hati itu. Ia Merasa bersalah ketika menyadari bahwa ia telah
membunuh Tumang, Sangkuriang mengaku bahwa hati yang mereka baru saja makan sebenarnya
adalah hati dari Tumang. Marah dan kesal, Dayang Sumbi memukul Sangkuriang di kepala dengan
Centong (beras sendok sendok) begitu keras hingga Sangkuriang berdarah. Sangkuriang belum
pernah melihat ibunya sangat marah dan kesal yang mengejutkannya sehingga ia kabur dari rumah
ke hutan. Yakin bahwa ibunya membenci dia karena membunuh Tumang, Sangkuriang memutuskan
untuk tidak kembali ke rumah dan berusaha untuk hidup sendiri di hutan. Dalam kesedihannya, ia
berdoa kepada para dewa untuk menyatukan kembali dia dengan anaknya suatu hari nanti dan
bersumpah tidak pernah makan semua jenis daging lagi.
Mengingat dan tugas yang mustahil.
Sangkuriang menderita amnesia akibat dipukul di kepala oleh ibunya dan perlahan-lahan kehilangan
semua ingatannya. Setelah melarikan diri dari rumah, ia bertemu dengan seorang pertapa yang
bijaksana kuat yang mengadopsi dia dan mengajarinya silat (seni bela diri) serta keterampilan
supranatural untuk mengontrol guriang, jenis semangat hyang. Sangkuriang tumbuh menjadi
seorang pria yang kuat tampan yang menempatkan kekuatannya dengan baik dengan membantu
warga desa dalam perkelahian melawan bandit dan pengacau lainnya. Suatu hari, ketika melihat
seorang gadis cantik di depan sebuah pondok kecil dalam perjalanan pulang melalui hutan. Mereka
mulai mengobrol dan kemudian menghabiskan lebih banyak waktu bersama-sama, akhirnya mereka
jatuh cinta dan membuat rencana untuk menikah. Tidak pernah sekali pun Sangkuriang mengingat
pondok itu adalah rumah masa kecilnya dan gadis cantik itu adalah ibunya sendiri.

Satu hari sebelum pernikahan direncanakan, Dayang Sumbi sedang menyisir rambut Sangkuriang,
lalu ia melihat bekas luka di kepala Sangkuriang itu. dia tiba-tiba menyadari bahwa ia telah jatuh
cinta dengan anaknya sendiri yang telah meninggalkannya 12 tahun sebelumnya. Merasa takut, dia
segera menyadari bahwa ia tidak bisa menikahi anaknya sendiri dan mengungkapkan seluruh
kebenaran kepada Sangkuriang dan memintanya untuk membatalkan pernikahan. Tapi Sangkuriang
tidak percaya dan bersikeras akan melakukan pernikahan. Dayang Sumbi mencoba untuk lebih
mencegah Sangkuriang dengan memberi beberapa tugas yang mustahil bagi Sangkuriang untuk
melakukan itu. Pertama, Sangkuriang harus membangun sebuah danau besar dengan mengisi
seluruh lembah dengan air dan kemudian Sumbi meminta perahu/ bahtera sehingga keduanya bisa
berlayar di dalamnya. kedua tugas itu harus diselesaikan dalam satu malam. Sangkuriang menerima
tantangan itu dan dengan bantuan beberapa guriangs (roh surgawi atau dewa-dewa dalam
kepercayaan Sunda kuno), ia membendung sungai Citarum dengan tanah longsor. Air sungai naik
dan mengisi dataran, mengubahnya menjadi danau. Kemudian, Sangkuriang menyelesaikan bagian
kedua, menebang pohon besar untuk membuat perahu.

Ketika fajar menyingsing, Sangkuriang hampir selesai membangun perahu dan Dayang Sumbi yang
telah yakin bahwa sangkuriang akan gagal. Menolak untuk menyerah, dia membuat panggilan doa
besar kepada dewa. Dia menenun selendang ajaib dan memenuhi ufuk timur dengan kilatan cahaya.
Ditipu oleh dayang sumbi, ayam berkokok dan malam itu terlihat seperti fajar.

Asal usul Gunung Tangkuban Parahu.
Sangkuriang mengira bahwa ia telah gagal. Dalam kemarahannya, ia menendang perahu yang telah
dibuatnya dan jatuh, berputar terbalik, mengubahnya menjadi Gunung Tangkuban Parahu (dalam
bahasa Sunda, "Tangkuban" berarti "terbalik" atau "terbalik", dan "parahu" berarti "perahu . ") kayu
yang tersisa dari perahu menjadi Gunung Burangrang, sisa pohon besar menjadi Gunung Bukit
Tunggul dan danau itu menjadi Danau Bandung. Sangkuriang frustrasi ,tapi ia masih menolak untuk
menyerah pada Dayang Sumbi. Dalam keputusasaannya, namun Dayang Sumbi berhasil melepaskan
diri dan lari darinya. Sangkuriang mengejarnya dan ketika ia hampir menyusulnya di Gunung Putri,
Dayang Sumbi memohon kepada dewa untuk membantunya terakhir kali. Setelah dikabulkan, ia
berubah menjadi bunga Jaksi dan sebagai hasilnya, Sangkuriang gagal menemukannya dalam
pencarian di seluruh hutan dan ia menjadi gila.