1. Thirty-six of th st!ff of "# t!$hrs !t ! %o$!% i&tr'(i!t s$hoo% !r $rtifi( i& C!r(io- P)%'o&!ry Rs)s$it!tio& *CPR+. I& 1"# (!ys of s$hoo%, !-o)t ho. '!&y (!ys $!& . x/$t th!t th t!$hr o& -)s ()ty .i%% %i0%y - $rtifi( i& CPR1 !+ 5 (!ys -+ 25 (!ys $+ 35 (!ys (+ "1 (!ys ANS4ER: ( TYPE: 5C DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, '!& 8. A $!'/)s /ro9r!' :&%y &ro%%s )&(r9r!()!t !&( 9r!()!t st)(&ts. If ! r!&(o' s!'/% of 2 st)(&ts is s%$t( fro' th /ro9r!' to - i&tr:i.( !-o)t th i&tro()$tio& of ! &. f!st foo( o)t%t o& th 9ro)&( f%oor of th $!'/)s -)i%(i&9, .h!t is th /ro-!-i%ity th!t !%% 2 st)(&ts s%$t( !r )&(r9r!()!t st)(&ts1 !+ #.#853 -+ #.#385 $+ #.13 (+ 1.## ANS4ER: - TYPE: 5C DI66ICULTY: Diffi$)%t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 3. A probability distribution is an equation that a) associates a particular probability of occurrence with each outcome in the sample space. b) measures outcomes and assigns values of X to the simple events. c) assigns a value to the variability in the sample space. d) assigns a value to the center of the sample space. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 137 Discrete Probability Distributions 4. The connotation "expected value" or "expected gain" from playing roulette at a casino means a) the amount you expect to "gain" on a single play. b) the amount you expect to "gain" in the long run over many plays. c) the amount you need to "break even" over many plays. d) the amount you should expect to gain if you are lucky. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: x/$t( :!%) 5. Which of the following about the binomial distribution is not a true statement? a) The probability of event of interest must be constant from trial to trial. b) Each outcome is independent of the other. c) Each outcome may be classified as either "event of interest" or "not event of interest." d) The random variable of interest is continuous. ANSWER: d TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 6. In a binomial distribution a) the random variable X is continuous. b) the probability of event of interest is stable from trial to trial. c) the number of trials n must be at least 30. d) the results of one trial are dependent on the results of the other trials. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 7. Whenever p = 0.5, the binomial distribution will a) always be symmetric. b) be symmetric only if n is large. c) be right-skewed. d) be left-skewed. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 138 8. Whenever p = 0.1 and n is small, the binomial distribution will be a) symmetric. b) right-skewed. c) left-skewed. d) None of the above. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 9. If n = 10 and p = 0.70, then the mean of the binomial distribution is a) 0.07 b) 1.45. c) 7.00 d) 14.29 ANSWER: c TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, '!& 10. If n = 10 and p = 0.70, then the standard deviation of the binomial distribution is a) 0.07 b) 1.45 c) 7.00 d) 14.29 ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, st!&(!r( (:i!tio& 11. If the outcomes of a random variable follow a Poisson distribution, then their a) mean equals the standard deviation. b) median equals the standard deviation. c) mean equals the variance. d) median equals the variance. ANSWER: c TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, '!&, st!&(!r( (:i!tio&, /ro/rtis Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 139 Discrete Probability Distributions 12. What type of probability distribution will the consulting firm most likely employ to analyze the insurance claims in the following problem? An insurance company has called a consulting firm to determine if the company has an unusually high number of false insurance claims. It is known that the industry proportion for false claims is 3%. The consulting firm has decided to randomly and independently sample 100 of the companys insurance claims. They believe the number of these 100 that are false will yield the information the company desires. a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Difficult 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 13. What type of probability distribution will most likely be used to analyze warranty repair needs on new cars in the following problem? The service manager for a new automobile dealership reviewed dealership records of the past 20 sales of new cars to determine the number of warranty repairs he will be called on to perform in the next 90 days. Corporate reports indicate that the probability any one of their new cars needs a warranty repair in the first 90 days is 0.05. The manager assumes that calls for warranty repair are independent of one another and is interested in predicting the number of warranty repairs he will be called on to perform in the next 90 days for this batch of 20 new cars sold. a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Difficult 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 140 14. What type of probability distribution will most likely be used to analyze the number of chocolate chip parts per cookie in the following problem? The quality control manager of Marilyns Cookies is inspecting a batch of chocolate chip cookies. When the production process is in control, the average number of chocolate chip parts per cookie is 6.0. The manager is interested in analyzing the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has fewer than 5.0 chip parts. a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 15. A professor receives, on average, 24.7 e-mails from students the day before the midterm exam. To compute the probability of receiving at least 10 e-mails on such a day, he will use what type of probability distribution? a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 16. A company has 125 personal computers. The probability that any one of them will require repair on a given day is 0.025. To find the probability that exactly 20 of the computers will require repair on a given day, one will use what type of probability distribution? a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 141 Discrete Probability Distributions 17. On the average, 1.8 customers per minute arrive at any one of the checkout counters of a grocery store. What type of probability distribution can be used to find out the probability that there will be no customer arriving at a checkout counter? a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 18. A multiple-choice test has 30 questions. There are 4 choices for each question. A student who has not studied for the test decides to answer all questions randomly. What type of probability distribution can be used to figure out his chance of getting at least 20 questions right? a) binomial distribution. b) Poisson distribution. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. ANSWER: a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 19. A lab orders 100 rats a week for each of the 52 weeks in the year for experiments that the lab conducts. Suppose the mean cost of rats used in lab experiments turned out to be $13.00 per week. Interpret this value. a) Most of the weeks resulted in rat costs of $13.00. b) The median cost for the distribution of rat costs is $13.00. c) The expected or average cost for all weekly rat purchases is $13.00. d) The rat cost that occurs more often than any other is $13.00. ANSWER: c TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: '!& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 142 20. A lab orders 100 rats a week for each of the 52 weeks in the year for experiments that the lab conducts. Prices for 100 rats follow the following distribution: Price: $10 .00 $12 .50 $15 .00 Probability: 0.35 0.40 0.25 How much should the lab budget for next years rat orders be, assuming this distribution does not change? a) $520 b) $637 c) $650 d) $780 ANSWER: b TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: '!&, /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio& 21. The local police department must write, on average, 5 tickets a day to keep department revenues at budgeted levels. Suppose the number of tickets written per day follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6.5 tickets per day. Interpret the value of the mean. a) The number of tickets that is written most often is 6.5 tickets per day. b) Half of the days have less than 6.5 tickets written and half of the days have more than 6.5 tickets written. c) If we sampled all days, the arithmetic average or expected number of tickets written would be 6.5 tickets per day. d) The mean has no interpretation since 0.5 ticket can never be written. ANSWER: c TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: '!&, Poisso& (istri-)tio& 22. True or False: The Poisson distribution can be used to model a continuous random variable. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 23. True or False: Another name for the mean of a probability distribution is its expected value. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: '!& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 143 Discrete Probability Distributions 24. True or False: The number of customers arriving at a department store in a 5-minute period has a binomial distribution. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 25. True or False: The number of customers arriving at a department store in a 5-minute period has a Poisson distribution. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 26. True or False: The number of males selected in a sample of 5 students taken without replacement from a class of 9 females and 18 males has a binomial distribution. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 27. True or False: The diameters of 10 randomly selected bolts have a binomial distribution. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 28. True or False: The largest value that a Poisson random variable X can have is n. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 29. True or False: In a Poisson distribution, the mean and standard deviation are equal. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 144 30. True or False: In a Poisson distribution, the mean and variance are equal. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis
31. True or False: If p remains constant in a binomial distribution, an increase in n will increase the variance. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 32. True or False: If p remains constant in a binomial distribution, an increase in n will not change the mean. ANSWER: False TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro/rtis 33. True or False: Suppose that a judges decisions follow a binomial distribution and that his verdict is correct 90% of the time. In his next 10 decisions, the probability that he makes fewer than 2 incorrect verdicts is 0.736. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, /ro-!-i%ity 34. True or False: Suppose that the number of airplanes arriving at an airport per minute is a Poisson process. The average number of airplanes arriving per minute is 3. The probability that exactly 6 planes arrive in the next minute is 0.0504. ANSWER: True TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: Poisso& (istri-)tio&, /ro-!-i%ity Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 145 Discrete Probability Distributions TABLE 5-1 Th /ro-!-i%ity th!t ! /!rti$)%!r ty/ of s'o0 !%!r' .i%% f)&$tio& /ro/r%y !&( so)&( !& !%!r' i& th /rs&$ of s'o0 is #.". Yo) h!: 8 s)$h !%!r's i& yo)r ho' !&( thy o/r!t i&(/&(&t%y. ;5. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-1, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t -oth so)&( !& !%!r' i& th /rs&$ of s'o0 is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.32 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& ;3. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-1, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t &ithr so)&( !& !%!r' i& th /rs&$ of s'o0 is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.#2 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& ;=. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-1, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t !t %!st o& so)&(s !& !%!r' i& th /rs&$ of s'o0 is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.>3 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: Diffi$)%t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& TABLE 5-8 A $rt!i& ty/ of &. -)si&ss s)$$(s 3#? of th ti'. S)//os th!t ; s)$h -)si&sss o/& *.hr thy (o &ot $o'/t .ith !$h othr, so it is r!so&!-% to -%i: th!t thir r%!ti: s)$$sss .o)%( - i&(/&(&t+. ;". Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-8, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t !%% ; -)si&sss s)$$( is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.813 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& ;>. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-8, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t !%% ; -)si&sss f!i% is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.#32 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 146 2#. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-8, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t !t %!st 1 -)si&ss s)$$(s is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.>;3 TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 21. Rfrri&9 to T!-% 5-8, th /ro-!-i%ity th!t x!$t%y 1 -)si&ss s)$$(s is <<<<<<<<. ANS4ER: #.8"" TYPE: 6I DI66ICULTY: 5o(r!t 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 42. If X has a binomial distribution with n = 4 and p = 0.3, then P(X = 1) = ________ . ANSWER: 0.4116 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 43. If X has a binomial distribution with n = 4 and p = 0.3, then P(X > 1) = ________ . ANSWER: 0.3483 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 44. If X has a binomial distribution with n = 5 and p = 0.1, then P(X = 2) = ________ . ANSWER: 0.0729 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 45. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that exactly 1 prefers brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.0768 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 46. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that at least 1 prefers brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.9898 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 147 Discrete Probability Distributions 47. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that exactly 3 prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.3456 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 48. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that exactly 4 prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.2592 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 49. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that at most 2 prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.3174 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 50. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that more than 3 prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.3370 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 51. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The probability that less than 2 prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 0.0870 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 52. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The average number that you would expect to prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 3 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, '!& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 148 53. Suppose that past history shows that 60% of college students prefer Brand C cola. A sample of 5 students is to be selected. The variance of the number that prefer brand C is ________. ANSWER: 1.2 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, :!ri!&$ TABLE 5-3 The following table contains the probability distribution for X = the number of retransmissions necessary to successfully transmit a 1024K data package through a double satellite media. X 0 1 2 3 P(X) 0.35 0.35 0.25 0.05 54. Referring to Table 5-3, the probability of no retransmissions is ________. ANSWER: 0.35 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio& 55. Referring to Table 5-3, the probability of at least one retransmission is ________. ANSWER: 0.65 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio& 56. Referring to Table 5-3, the mean or expected value for the number of retransmissions is ________. ANSWER: 1.0 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio&, '!& 57. Referring to Table 5-3, the variance for the number of retransmissions is ________. ANSWER: 0.80 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio&, :!ri!&$ Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 149 Discrete Probability Distributions 58. Referring to Table 5-3, the standard deviation of the number of retransmissions is ________. ANSWER: 0.894 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: /ro-!-i%ity (istri-)tio&, st!&(!r( (:i!tio& 59. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The probability that she does not get audited is ________. ANSWER: 0.2373 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 60. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The probability that she gets audited once is ________. ANSWER: 0.3955 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& 61. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The probability that she gets audited at least once is ________. ANSWER: 0.7627 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&
62. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The probability that she gets audited no more than 2 times is ________. ANSWER: 0.8965 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio& Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 150 63. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The expected number of times she will be audited is ________. ANSWER: 1.25 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, '!& 64. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The variance of the number of times she will be audited is ________. ANSWER: 0.9375 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, :!ri!&$ 65. In a game called Taxation and Evasion, a player rolls a pair of dice. If on any turn the sum is 7, 11, or 12, the player gets audited. Otherwise, she avoids taxes. Suppose a player takes 5 turns at rolling the dice. The standard deviation of the number of times she will be audited is ________. ANSWER: 0.968 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate 7EY4ORDS: -i&o'i!% (istri-)tio&, st!&(!r( (:i!tio& TABLE 5-4 The following table contains the probability distribution for X = the number of traffic accidents reported in a day in Corvallis, Oregon. X 0 1 2 3 4 5 P(X) 0.10 0.20 0.45 0.15 0.05 0.05 66. Referring to Table 5-4, the probability of 3 accidents is ________. ANSWER: 0.15 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution 67. Referring to Table 5-4, the probability of at least 1 accident is ________. ANSWER: 0.90 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 151 Discrete Probability Distributions 68. Referring to Table 5-4, the mean or expected value of the number of accidents is ________. ANSWER: 2.0 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution, mean, 69. Referring to Table 5-4, the variance of the number of accidents is ________. ANSWER: 1.4 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution, variance 70. Referring to Table 5-4, the standard deviation of the number of accidents is ________. ANSWER: 1.18 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution, standard deviation 71. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The probability that there will be exactly 3 power outages in a year is ____________. ANSWER: 0.0892 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 72. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The probability that there will be at least 3 power outages in a year is ____________. ANSWER: 0.9380 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 73. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The probability that there will be at least 1 power outage in a year is ____________. ANSWER: 0.9975 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 152 74. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The probability that there will be no more than 1 power outage in a year is ____________. ANSWER: 0.0174 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 75. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The probability that there will be between 1 and 3 inclusive power outages in a year is ____________. ANSWER: 0.1487 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 76. The number of power outages at a nuclear power plant has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 outages per year. The variance of the number of power outages is ____________. ANSWER: 6 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 77. The number of 911 calls in Butte, Montana, has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 10 calls a day. The probability of seven 911 calls in a day is ____________. ANSWER: 0.0901 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 78. The number of 911 calls in Butte, Montana, has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 10 calls a day. The probability of seven or eight 911 calls in a day is ____________. ANSWER: 0.2027 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 79. The number of 911 calls in Butte, Montana, has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 10 calls a day. The probability of 2 or more 911 calls in a day is ____________. ANSWER: 0.9995 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 153 Discrete Probability Distributions 80. The number of 911 calls in Butte, Montana, has a Poisson distribution with a mean of 10.0 calls a day. The standard deviation of the number of 911 calls in a day is ____________ . ANSWER: 3.16 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 81. The Department of Commerce in a particular state has determined that the number of small businesses that declare bankruptcy per month is approximately a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6.4. Find the probability that more than 3 bankruptcies occur next month. ANSWER: 0.881 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 82. The Department of Commerce in a particular state has determined that the number of small businesses that declare bankruptcy per month is approximately a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6.4. Find the probability that exactly 5 bankruptcies occur next month. ANSWER: 0.149 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 83. The on-line access computer service industry is growing at an extraordinary rate. Current estimates suggest that only 20% of the home-based computers have access to on-line services. This number is expected to grow quickly over the next 5 years. Suppose 20 people with home- based computers were randomly and independently sampled. Find the probability that fewer than 10 of those sampled currently have access to on-line services. ANSWER: 0.9974 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: binomial distribution 84. The on-line access computer service industry is growing at an extraordinary rate. Current estimates suggest that only 20% of the home-based computers have access to on-line services. This number is expected to grow quickly over the next 5 years. Suppose 20 people with home- based computers were randomly and independently sampled. Find the probability that more than 15 of those sampled currently do not have access to on-line services. ANSWER: 0.6296 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: binomial distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 154 85. A national trend predicts that women will account for half of all business travelers in the next 3 years. To attract these women business travelers, hotels are providing more amenities that women particularly like. A recent survey of American hotels found that 70% offer hairdryers in the bathrooms. Consider a random and independent sample of 20 hotels. Find the probability all of the hotels in the sample offered hairdryers in the bathrooms. ANSWER: 0.0008 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: binomial distribution 86. A national trend predicts that women will account for half of all business travelers in the next 3 years. To attract these women business travelers, hotels are providing more amenities that women particularly like. A recent survey of American hotels found that 70% offer hairdryers in the bathrooms. Consider a random and independent sample of 20 hotels. Find the probability that more than 7 but less than 13 of the hotels in the sample offered hairdryers in the bathrooms. ANSWER: 0.2264 (using PHStat) or 0.2265 (using Table E.60 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: binomial distribution 87. A national trend predicts that women will account for half of all business travelers in the next 3 years. To attract these women business travelers, hotels are providing more amenities that women particularly like. A recent survey of American hotels found that 70% offer hairdryers in the bathrooms. Consider a random and independent sample of 20 hotels. Find the probability that at least 9 of the hotels in the sample do not offer hairdryers in the bathrooms. ANSWER: 0.1133 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: binomial distribution 88. The local police department must write, on average, 5 tickets a day to keep department revenues at budgeted levels. Suppose the number of tickets written per day follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6.4 tickets per day. Find the probability that less than 6 tickets are written on a randomly selected day from this population. ANSWER: 0.384 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 155 Discrete Probability Distributions 89. The local police department must write, on average, 5 tickets a day to keep department revenues at budgeted levels. Suppose the number of tickets written per day follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6.4 tickets per day. Find the probability that exactly 6 tickets are written on a randomly selected day from this population. ANSWER: 0.159 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution TABLE 5-5 The U.S. Department of Transportation maintains statistics for mishandled bags per 1,000 airline passengers. In 2005, Jet Blue had 4.06 mishandled bags per 1,000 passengers. Assume that the number of mishandled bags has a Poisson distribution. 90. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have no mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.0172 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 91. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have at least one mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.9828 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 92. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have at least two mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.9127 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 93. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have no more than three mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.4218 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 156 94. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have no more than four mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.6171 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 95. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have fewer than six mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.7757 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 96. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have fewer than eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.9452 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 97. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have more than eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.02320 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 98. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have more than ten mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.003172 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 99. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have between two and four mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.5298 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 157 Discrete Probability Distributions 100. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have more than five but less than eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.1695 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 101. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have less than two or more than eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.1105 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 102. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have no more than two or at least eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0.2842 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 103. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have less than two and more than eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 104. Referring to Table 5-5, what is the probability that in the next 1,000 passengers, Jet Blue will have no more than two and at least eight mishandled bags? ANSWER: 0 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 158 TABLE 5-6 The quality control manager of Marilyns Cookies is inspecting a batch of chocolate chip cookies. When the production process is in control, the average number of chocolate chip parts per cookie is 6.0. 105. Referring to Table 5-6, what is the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has 4.0 chip parts. ANSWER: 0.1339 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 106. Referring to Table 5-6, what is the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has fewer than 5.0 chip parts. ANSWER: 0.2851 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 107. Referring to Table 5-6, what is the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has at least 6.0 chip parts. ANSWER: 0.5543 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 108. Referring to Table 5-6, what is the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has between 5.0 and 8.0 inclusive chip parts. ANSWER: 0.5622 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution 109. Referring to Table 5-6, what is the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has less than 5.0 or more than 8.0 chip parts. ANSWER: 0.4378 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Difficult KEYWORDS: Poisson distribution Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 159 Discrete Probability Distributions TABLE 5-7 There are two houses with almost identical characteristics available for investment in two different neighborhoods with drastically different demographic composition. The anticipated gain in value when the houses are sold in 10 years has the following probability distribution: Returns Probability Neighborhood A Neighborhood B .25 $22,500 $30,500 .40 $10,000 $25,000 .35 $40,500 $10,500 110. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the expected value gain for the house in neighborhood A? ANSWER: $ 12,550 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: mean 111. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the expected value gain for the house in neighborhood B? ANSWER: $ 21,300 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: mean 112. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the variance of the gain in value for the house in neighborhood A? ANSWER: 583,147,500 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: variance 113. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the variance of the gain in value for the house in neighborhood B? ANSWER: 67,460,000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: variance 114. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the standard deviation of the value gain for the house in neighborhood A? ANSWER: $24,148.45 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: standard deviation Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Discrete Probability Distributions 160 115. Referring to Table 5-7, what is the standard deviation of the value gain for the house in neighborhood B? ANSWER: $8,213.40 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: standard deviation TABLE 5-8 Two different designs on a new line of winter jackets for the coming winter are available for your manufacturing plants. Your profit (in thousands of dollars) will depend on the taste of the consumers when winter arrives. The probability of the three possible different tastes of the consumers and the corresponding profits are presented in the following table. Probability Taste Design A Design B #.8 'or $o&sr:!ti: 1"# 58# #.5 &o $h!&9 8;# ;1# #.; 'or %i-r!% ;5# 8=# 116. Referring to Table 5-8, the table above is called the ______________ for the two designs. ANSWER: probability distribution TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: probability distribution 117. Referring to Table 5-8, what is your expected profit when Design A is chosen? ANSWER: $256 thousands or $256,000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: mean 118. Referring to Table 5-8, what is your expected profit when Design B is chosen? ANSWER: $340 thousands or $340,000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: mean 119. Referring to Table 5-8, what is the variance of your profit when Design A is chosen? ANSWER: 4,144 millions or 4,144,000,000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: variance Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 161 Discrete Probability Distributions 120. Referring to Table 5-8, what is the variance of your profit when Design B is chosen? ANSWER: 8,400 millions or 8,400,000,000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: variance 121. Referring to Table 5-8, what is the standard deviation of your profit when Design A is chosen? ANSWER: $64.37391 thousands or $64,373.91 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: standard deviation 122. Referring to Table 5-8, what is the standard deviation of your profit when Design B is chosen? ANSWER: $91.65151 thousands or $91,651.51 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: standard deviation Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall