Grammar

( 8.
1) EXERCISE - PREPOSITIONS
Fill in the blanks with these words: against, at, by, for, from, in, like, near,
of, on, to, up, with.
1. She is doing a degree course _____ a university.
Click here for the answer
She is doing a degree course at a university.
2. His trousers were washed _____ the washing machine.
His trousers were washed by the washing machine.
3. We had to climb slowly _____ the hill.
We had to climb slowly up the hill.
4. His house looks _____ a temple.
His house looks like a temple.
5. How many _____ the members will join the trip?
How many of the members will join the trip?
6. Don't lean that ladder _____ the wall.
Don't lean that ladder against the wall.
7. I don't usually feel tired _____ the morning.
I don't usually feel tired in the morning.
8. Have you heard anything _____ him yet?
Have you heard anything from him yet?
9. My house is quite _____ to your school.
10. Put this _____ your drawer and do not let anyone see it.
Put this in your drawer and do not let anyone see it.
10. Put this _____ your drawer and do not let anyone see it.
Put this in your drawer and do not let anyone see it.
11. A university is where you study _____ a degree.
A university is where you study for a degree.
12. Which of these roads will lead _____ the church?
Which of these roads will lead to the church?
13. He sometimes quarrels _____ the neighbour.
He sometimes quarrels with the neighbour.
14. I think there is a salesman _____ the door.
I think there is a salesman at the door.
15. Her next birthday will be _____ a Sunday.
Her next birthday will be on a Sunday.
16. Even the new drug could not cure him _____ his illness.
Even the new drug could not cure him of his illness.
17. He was given a ten-year prison sentence _____ armed robbery.
He was given a ten-year prison sentence for armed robbery.
18. The cat likes to rub its head _____ my legs.
The cat likes to rub its head against my legs.
19. The store was robbed because there was no guard _____ duty.
The store was robbed because there was no guard on duty.
20. My father has a car _____ yours.
My father has a car like yours.
( 9.1) EXERCISE - CONJUNCTIONS
Fill in the blanks with these words: although, and, because, but, or,
since, so, unless, until, when.
1 Things were different _____ I was young.
2 I do it _____ I like it.
I do it because I like it.
3 Let us wait here _____ the rain stops.
Let us wait here until the rain stops.
4 You cannot be a lawyer _____ you have a law degree.
You cannot be a lawyer unless you have a law degree.
5 That was years _____ years ago.
That was years and years ago.
6 She has not called _____ she left last week.
She has not called since she left last week.
7 I saw him leaving an hour _____ two ago.
I saw him leaving an hour or two ago.
8 This is an expensive _____ very useful book.
This is an expensive but very useful book.
9 We were getting tired _____ we stopped for a rest.
We were getting tired so we stopped for a rest.
10 He was angry _____ he heard when happened.
He was angry when he heard when happened.
( 2.1) EXERCISE - AUXILIARY VERBS
Fill in the blanks with is' or are'.
1. The rose _____ a beautiful flower.
2. His two sons _____ still small.
3. My brother _____ doing his degree at that university.
4. Dogs _____ the most faithful animals.
5. There _____ a lot of ants on the tree.

Fill in the blanks with does' or do'.
11. _____ you know him?
12. That _____ not mean I _____ not like her.
13. Please _____ not smoke here.
14. _____ anybody know the answer?
15. They _____ not want to play.
16. It _____ not matter where you put it.
Fill in the blanks with has' or have'.
21. He _____ a law degree.
22. They _____ gone to the cinema.
23. Only one of the students _____ failed the test.
24. I _____ come here to borrow your book
25. "_____ you ever done online banking?"
26. "We _____ not done our homework yet."
Click here for the answer( 2.2) EXERCISE - SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Use the Simple Present tense of the words in brackets.
1. It _____ (hurt) to know what he said.
2. I sometimes _____ (play) football with my friends.
3. My sister _____ (want) to be a teacher.
4. We _____ (like) to do our homework together.
5. His father _____ (smoke) a pipe.
6. Does your mother _____ (cook) every day?
7. The train _____ (leave) in an hour.
8. He _____ (wash) his car on Sundays.
9. My friend _____ (ride) a bike to work.
10. They often _____ (swim) in the river.

( 2.3) EXERCISE - PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Use the Present Continuous tense of the words in brackets.
1. We are too late. The train _____ (leaving).
2. Look at what he _____ (do).
3. My father _____ (go) to Paris next month.
4. She says she _____ (cook) for dinner this evening.
5. I think she _____ (write) a letter at the moment.
6. Why _____ he _____ (break) up those boxes?
7. He _____ (come) on the one o'clock train tomorrow.
8. They _____ (widen) the road.
9. One of you _____ always _____ (complain) about something.
10. Do you not understand what I _____ (say)?

( 2.4) EXERCISE - PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Use the Present Perfect tense of the words in brackets.
1. We _____ (not see) her since we last met her.
2. He _____ (teach) us for two years and is still teaching us.
3. She _____ (already throw) away her old dresses.
4. I _____ already _____ (tell) them to hurry up.
5. _____ you _____ (be) to see your old uncle recently?
6. My parents _____ (never be) to London.
7. They _____ (just meet) your brother.
8. Our baby _____ (sleep) for more than eight hours.
9. I _____ not _____ (choose) the one I want yet.
10. You _____ (not eat) your dinner yet.

( 2.5) EXERCISE - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Use the Present Perfect Continuous tense of the words in brackets.
1. They _____ (visit) their parents since they shifted out.
2. She _____ (talk) for an hour and when is she going to stop?
3. His friends _____ (wait) for him since 7 o'clock.
4. What _____ you _____ (do) since this morning?
5. I have found it. I _____ (search) for it for two days.
6. He _____ (eat) here for one week and he is not coming back.
7. We _____ (see) each other regularly since we became friends.
8. Why _____ you _____ (keep) this matter a secret?
9. Her mother _____ (pray) for good luck at that temple.
10. My sister _____ (try) to write a book since last year.

( 2.6) EXERCISE - PAST SIMPLE TENSE
Use the Past Simple tense of the words in brackets.
1. She _____ (cut) her finger last night.
2. We _____ (go) for a ride and _____ (come) home late.
3. Her former husband always _____ (drink) heavily.
4. He _____ (lend) me some money last week.
5. There _____ (are) lots of people at the party.
6. My father _____ (lose) his car keys this morning.
7. She often_____ (quarrel) with her neighbour.
8. The vagrant _____ (lay) a mat on the pavement and _____ (sleep) on
it.
9. I _____ (meet) my uncle on Sunday afternoon.
10. _____ (can) you please help me carry this?

( 2.7) EXERCISE - PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Use the Past Continuous tense of the words in brackets.
1. While I _____ (wait) for you, I fell asleep.
2. He _____ (swim) at 4 o'clock yesterday.
3. Some students _____ (not listen) while the teacher _____ (speak).
4. We _____ (play) football when it started to rain.
5. When I _____ (walk) home, I saw a dog barking at the postman.
6. She and her friends _____ (shop) yesterday evening.
7. When they arrived, I _____ (bathe).
8. While one worker _____ (paint), another _____ (mix) some paint.
9. What _____ you _____(do) when I was not at home?
10. They _____ (jog) early this morning.

( 2.8) EXERCISE - PAST PERFECT TENSE
Use the Past Perfect tense of the words in brackets.
1. After we _____ (see) the movie, we went for a ride.
2. He _____ already _____ (leave) when we arrived.
3. I _____ just _____ (shut) the door when the telephone rang.
4. They ate the food that I _____ (buy).
5. She _____ (eat) her lunch when I reached home.
6. My father _____ (drink) a glass of milk before he slept.
7. "I fell down". He said that he _____ down.
8. "I cut my finger". She said that she _____ her finger.
9. I arrived at the cinema after the film _____ (start).
10. The train _____ already _____ (go) when we reached the station.

( 2.9) EXERCISE - PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Use the Past Perfect Continuous tense of the words in brackets.
1. She _____ (sleep) before she was woken by the loud thunder.
2. The patient _____ (groan) when the doctor arrived.
3. The little boy _____ (play) with fire before he was burnt.
4. _____ you _____ (try) to get me before I called?
5. What _____ the child _____ (do) before she was scolded by her
mother?

( 2.10) EXERCISE - AUXILIARY VERBS
Fill in the blanks with was' or were'.
1. He _____ here five minutes ago.
2. This _____ the dress she wore last week.
3. They _____ still young when their parents died.
4. One of the eggs _____ broken.
5. There _____ some oranges on the table.
6. _____ you tired after the game?
7. She _____ not at home when I called.
8. Yesterday I saw a rainbow as I _____ driving home.
9. We _____ supposed to arrive early but the train was late.
10. Those _____ people who helped the victims.

Prepositions are words placed before Nouns and Pronouns. They are used to
show time, position and direction.
Examples of Prepositions showing time:
My birthday falls in September.
Most shops are closed on Sunday.
I have an appointment at 9 o'clock.

Examples of Prepositions showing position:
He is standing at the door.
The glass is on the table.
The cat is sleeping under the chair.
Examples of Prepositions showing direction:
She got into the taxi.
The girl is walking towards her mother.
I have to go to town.
( 9) CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions join words, phrases and sentences together.

Conjunctions joining words:
Example: I have a car and a house.

Conjunctions joining phrases:
Example: The fisherman is happy walking along the beach and carrying a
bucketfull of fish.

Conjunctions joining sentences:
He walked to his car. He got into it..
He walked to his car and got into it.
Will you have tea? Will you have coffee?
Will you have tea or coffee?
She is tired. She cannot sleep.
She is tired but she cannot sleep.

Besides and', or' and but', other common conjunctions
include: because, if, so,although, unless, therefore, etc.

Conjunctions can join nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.
Example:
I have a pen and a book. (Joining two nouns)
He joked and we laughed. (Joining two verbs)
She is beautiful and tall. (Joining two adjectives)
He eats quickly and noisily. (Joining two adverbs)

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