- 1 -

High-Performance HT-ACM Elastomers for

Automotive Molded and Extruded
Applications


By
Andy Anderson, Paul Manley PhD*, John Moore ZCLP
Peter Abraham, Ivan Burczak, Jeff Dickerhoof ZCEL
Yoshiaki Aimura, Hirofumi Masuda Zeon Corporation





Presented at the 170
th
meeting of the
Rubber Division, American Chemical Society
Cincinnati, OH
October 10-12, 2006

ISSN: 1547-1977

*Speaker

Zeon Chemicals L.P., 4111 Bells Lane, Louisville, KY 40211 Phone: 877-ASK ZEON, Fax: 502-775-2055

The information contained herein is believed to be reliable, but no representations, guarantees or warranties of any kind are made as to its accuracy, suitability for particular applications or the results to be obtained there from. The information is based on
laboratory work with small-scale equipment and does not necessarily indicate end product performance. Because of the variations in methods, conditions and equipment used commercially in processing these materials, no warranties or guarantees are made as to
the suitability of the products for the applications disclosed. Full-scale testing and end product performance are the responsibility of the user. Zeon Chemicals L.P. shall not be liable for and the customer assumes all risk and liability of any use or handling of any
material beyond the direct control of Zeon Chemicals L.P. The SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Nothing contained herein is to be considered as permission, recommendation, nor as an inducement to practice any patented invention without permission of the patent owner.

301PA2006ACSIL

- 2 -

ABSTRACT
ACM (polyacrylic) elastomers have undergone continuous development to enhance long-
term performance, resulting in an important position in the manufacture of heat and oil resistant
gaskets and seals. Four years ago, Zeon Corporation introduced a new family of heat and oil
resistant ACM polymers known throughout the industry as AR12, AR14, and AR22. The
superiority of these new elastomers over traditional ACM elastomers has been successfully
demonstrated in many under-hood automotive applications, including valve cover gaskets, oil
pan gaskets, rocker cover gaskets, and seals.
With the continuing trend toward a smaller, more crowded engine bay, operating
temperatures are on the rise, resulting in greater demands being placed on the under-hood
components. The more severe conditions require the use of elastomers with significantly
improved heat and fluid resistance. The elastomer choices that service this higher temperature
range and that can be easily processed are limited and costly.
In recent years, the use of high-performance turbo diesel engines has grown rapidly.
Auto manufacturers have expressed a desire to replace expensive, over-engineered elastomer
components hot side TDI hose with lower-cost components providing acceptable
performance. To meet this industry demand, Zeon Chemicals has developed an extrusion
version of AR12. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the heat resistance of the latest
High-Temperature ACM (HT-ACM), which can be used for low-durometer molding and
extrusion (Turbo Diesel Injection hose) applications.

INTRODUCTION
Polyacrylate polymers are known as specialty elastomers, which are classified as high-
temperature and oil resistant elastomers. The ASTM D2000 and SAE J200 designation for
polyacrylic polymer is ACM (Acrylic Co-Monomer). The majority of end uses for ACM
polymers are in applications where high-temperature and oil resistance is required. Six years
ago the Zeon Group introduced the first of a range of new ACM elastomers (HT-ACM) with a
unique functional cure site
1,2,3
. Since then the range has been expanded to four grades, with
additional grades under development. These elastomers offer significant improvements in long-
term high-temperature resistance and their use and superiority in a number of demanding
automotive applications including valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, rocker cover gaskets, and
various seals have already been successfully demonstrated. These applications, where sealing
force retention for >160,000 kilometers is a typical expectation, require the excellent long-term
high-temperature performance, excellent compression set, compressive stress relaxation (CSR)
resistance, and stable modulus that these elastomers provide. Development of the latest of these
HT-ACM elastomers, HyTemp

AR212HR, has focused on enhanced extrusion specific

processing characteristics--this has expanded the use of HT-ACM to applications such as hoses,
tubes, and air ducts.

OBJECTIVE
This paper describes the continuous development of Zeon HT-ACM elastomers and
associated materials and will demonstrate the latest grades ability to meet the high-temperature
performance requirements of applications like (High Temperature) HT-TDI hose and air ducts
used in charged air systems. Benefits include longer scorch times for extrusion processing
combined with economical and flexible curing characteristics, which offer significant cost
benefits compared to current high-temperature solutions. Excellent long-term heat and fluid
resistance characterize all Zeon HT-ACM elastomers.


- 3 -
EXPERIMENTAL

PROCEDURE
Mixing and Curing- The ACM compound formulation was based on meeting the VW
standard for TDI hoses TL526.34. All compound masterbatches were prepared in a 1600 cc
Farrell internal mixer with high rotor speeds. All ingredients, except for curatives, were charged
using an upside-down mixing technique. After incorporation of fillers (approximately four
minutes) the masterbatch was discharged at a temperature of 170C. This masterbatch was then
transferred to a cool 20-cm two-roll mill, sheeted to approximately three millimeters thickness,
and allowed to rest for one hour. After the rest period, the compound masterbatch was then
placed back onto the mill, allowed to form a smooth rolling bank, and curatives were added.
Test articles prepared from this final compound were compression molded at 190C for eight
minutes and post cured in a forced air convection oven for four hours at 177C.
Rheological Properties- Mooney viscosity and Mooney scorch measurements were
conducted according to ASTM D1646 at 100 and 125C respectively. Cure characteristics were
determined using a Rheometer 100S at 190C, 3 arc, with 30-minute run time. The test was
conducted according to ASTM D2084.
Vulcanized Evaluation- Tensile strength, elongation, and hardness values were obtained
according to ASTM D412 and D2240. The tensile and elongation data was collected using a
United model E-VI-60 six-station tensile test instrument, while the hardness data was collected
using a Zwick hardness tester. Air oven aged physical properties were obtained according to
ASTM D573 and were evaluated on the United tester. Compression set was determined using the
PV 3307 and VDA 675 218 (VW compression set).

BACKGROUND
The HT-ACM elastomers were primarily designed to be fast curing for injection molding
processes and have been used successfully in many molded applications. The cure system used
for optimal heat resistance results in typical scorch times for these compounds in the range of 4
to 8 minutes at 120C. Hose manufacturers require safer processing characteristics combined
with high throughput for economical production. This led to the development of the latest HT-
ACM elastomer and specialized curative systems, which can be used for both molding and
extrusion applications. A new protection system has also been developed to further enhance
high-temperature aging performance to meet demanding high-temperature specifications.

COMPOUND DEVELOPMENT
The series of ACM compounds were designed to evaluate cure systems as well as antioxidants
systems. These four ACM compounds will be compared against similar standard AEM
compounds. All the compounds were compounded to equal hardness (60 durometer).
Compounds 1 through 4 were based on HyTemp

AR212HR. Compound 1 was based on the

new protection package along with the extrusion cure system, and the compound is designated as
HT ACM EX. Compound 2 evaluated the standard antioxidant package using the extrusion cure
package, which is referred to as HT ACM EXAO. Compound 3 was similar to the first
compound except the molding cure system was evaluated. This compound is referred to as HT
ACM M. Compound 4 is similar to compound 3 except for the antioxidant. This compound
contained the standard antioxidant package and will be referred to as HT ACM MAO.
The four ACM compounds could be compared against themselves for heat resistance. There are
other acrylate elastomers in the marketplace, and these have found homes in extrusion
applications. It was a natural comparison for the ACM compounds to be evaluated against AEM
compounds used for similar applications. Compound 5 was based on Vamac G and will be

- 4 -
designated AEM-G. Compound 6 was based on Vamac GLS and will be designated AEM-GLS.
Compounds 7 and 8 were based on Vamac GXF. Compound 8 was a slightly modified version
of compound 7. The compounds will be referred to AEM-GXF and AEM GXF M respectively.
The AEM recipes can be seen in Figure 1.
The rheological properties of the compounds can be seen in Figure 2. The scorch times (t
S
5) for
the HT-ACMs range from 7 to 16 minutes. The scorch time of the AEM compounds range from
6 to 14 minutes. This could be considered acceptable for both molding and extrusion operations.
All the compounds had T90s less than 20 minutes @ 180C which fits in with most extrusion
capabilities.

All the compounds were in the target hardness range of 55 to 65 Shore A. The tensile strengths
of the AEMs were higher than that of the HT-ACMs when measured at room temperature
(23C). The tensile strength of the HT-ACM based compounds was slightly higher than the
AEM compounds when the test was performed at operating temperature of 150C. The ultimate
elongations of the AEM compounds were higher than that of the HT-ACM compounds when
measured at room temperature, however the elongation of the HT-ACMs was higher at elevated
temperature. The results can be seen in Figures 3 through 5.
Compression set properties were evaluated under different conditions. The test temperature was
175C and the test specimens were plied discs. Time intervals evaluated were 24, 168, and 504
hours. A noticeable pattern appears in the HT-ACMs (Figure 6). The compounds with the
standard AO had lower compression set than that of the compounds with the extrusion AO
package. The molded compounds had lower compression set than the extrusion compounds as
expected. The AEM GF based compounds had higher compression set than the ones based on
AEM-G and GLS.
VW-type compression set was tested 24 hours @ 175C. The compression set of the HT-ACM
molded compounds was less than the extruded compounds as expected. One could observe a
similar trend in the values associated with the antioxidant package used as noted above. The
compression set values of all the extrusion HT-ACM compounds were very much lower than the
limits seen in various automotive specifications of 80% max. The compression set of the HT-
ACMs was equal to or better than the AEM based compounds. The results can be viewed in
Figure 7.
Air oven aging was performed at three different temperatures: 175C (1000 hours), 190C (168
hours), and 200C (168 hours). A comparison of actual tensile values can be seen in Figure 8.
The tensile strengths of the HT-ACM compounds after aging were compound dependent; this
was noticed after observing the different aging times/ temperatures. The compounds containing
the new AO package had higher tensile strengths than the ones with the standard AO package. A
large difference in tensile values between the AEM and HT-ACMs noted in the originals has
now been minimized after aging. This should translate into higher percent tensile loss for the
AEM compounds. In other words, the tensile strength of the HT-ACM compounds is similar to
that of the AEM compounds after aging. Data can be seen in Figure 8.
Higher elongation values were observed in the compounds with the standard AO package than
with the new AO package in both cure systems. Basically the standard AO package gives better
(lower) change in percent elongation. Elongation values of the HT-ACM compounds were
higher than the values of the AEM compounds after aging at all three conditions: 175C
(1000hours), 190C (168 hours), and 200C (168 hours)). Higher elongation values after aging
result in lower elongation loss and better flexibility for the HT-ACM based compounds. The
percent elongation data can be seen in Figure 9, while the change in properties at the different
temperatures can be seen in Figures 10 through 12
All of the compounds were aged in two European motor oils, Lubrizol OS 206304 and Shell
Helix Ultra. The samples were aged 94 hours @175C and 168 hours @ 190C in the above

- 5 -
mentioned oil respectively. This was an unusual temperature--the typical test temperature used
in testing is 150C. These test conditions are considered severe (oils cannot take the heat for
extended periods of time). Under these severe test conditions the HT-ACM based compounds
exhibited lower property change than did the AEM based compounds. The property changes can
be viewed in Figures 13 and 14.
The compounds were exposed to a mixture of diesel oil and RME (Rapeseed oil Methyl
Ester [European biodiesel]). The first mixture was composed of a low sulfur diesel fuel from
Texaco at 95% blended with 5% RME. The second diesel fuel mixture evaluated was Diesel Ref
Fuel: ISO 1817 Type F Fluid 95% / RME 5%. This is a very aggressive fuel mixture. The test
time/temperature duration for the fuel mixtures immersion was 46 hours @ 23C. The effect of
the fuel exposure on the compounds can be seen in Figure 15. All four of the HT-ACM based
compounds exhibited excellent resistance to the low sulfur/RME mixture. The HT-ACM based
compounds exhibited lower property change than did all the AEM based compounds
The diesel fuel mixture, which contained ISO 1817 Type F fluid/RME, was more
aggressive toward the rubber compounds. The compounds exhibited larger change in hardness,
tensile strength, percent elongation, and weight. Despite the more aggressive nature of this fluid,
the HT-ACM based compounds exhibited lower property change than did all the AEM based
compounds. The effect of the fuel exposure on the compounds can be seen in Figure 16.
The physical and chemical properties of the HT-ACMs compounds have been discussed. An
application which requires the heat resistance of the HT-ACMs is Turbo Diesel Injection hose
(TDI).

HIGH-TEMPERATURE HOSE APPLICATIONS
The automotive industry continues to develop new high-performance engines to meet
both environmental and low maintenance requirements. Diesel engine technology, with increased
injection pressures, generates more heat. The general trend continues to be higher engine bay
temperatures, and automotive fluids and oils, which are more aggressive toward elastomer
components. HT-ACM elastomers continue to offer the improved long-term heat and fluid
resistance that is required. Efforts by the automotive industry to maximize cost / performance
benefits in material selection are leading to the replacement of more expensive solutions such as
fluoroelastomers, silicones, and fluorosilicones with new more cost effective alternatives. One
such example includes HT-ACM in charged air systems, specifically Hot Side TDI charged air
hoses. Zeon HT-ACM hose components also readily operate at lower temperatures in areas such
as transmission (TOC) and engine oil cooler (EOC) hose applications.
Car producers recently have investigated HT-ACM for continuous service at 175C
/185C with peaks to 190C/200C in the hot side HT TDI area of charged air systems. As noted,
due to the temperatures involved, the incumbent materials have traditionally been FKM, VMQ,
and FVMQ. Until the recent introduction of HT-ACM elastomers, there had been no cost-
effective alternative material available which could bridge the gap between the standard ACM
and AEM hoses operating at 150C /160C and these higher temperatures. In some cases, metal
shielding is required to protect the lower-temperature standard hoses. The introduction of HT-
ACM hoses can eliminate the need for such shielding, thus providing weight, space, and cost
savings, while also potentially reducing noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). Of course at
temperatures above 200C the fluoroelastomers and silicones will continue to be required and in
some cases where extreme temperatures are encountered, metal air ducts are employed.




- 6 -
HT-ACM PERFORMANCE
There are several key properties of a TDI hose. These include, but are not limited to, the
following:
Compound must be extrudable at
Hardness: 50 to 65 Shore A
Excellent Heat Resistance
Continuous Operating Conditions
175C to 185C
Peak Operating Conditions
190C to 200C
Good Tear Resistance
Excellent Oil Resistance
Excellent Diesel Fuel Resistance

HEAT RESISTANCE
Classifying the performance of elastomeric compounds, test data is typically presented in
terms of percent loss of a particular property. In both standard ACM and HT-ACM compounds,
retention of elongation at break and tensile strength are considered as two of the most relevant
properties in assessing heat resistance performance. The SAE J2236 document
4
(Standard
method for determining continuous upper temperature resistance of elastomers) defines the
continuous use temperature of a material as being related to the retention of more than 50% the
value of an original property at the given test temperature.
The heat resistance of the HT-ACM AR212HT was measured using the SAE J2236 as a
guideline
4
. Air oven aging was conducted at three different temperatures, 150C, 175C, and
190C. Tensile loss vs. time was plotted for the 190C and 175 C agings. Figures 18 and 20
represent this data. Figures 19 and 21 represent the plot of % elongation loss plotted against
time. In each of the two test temperatures, elongation was the first property to lose 50% of its
original value. The percent elongation retention/loss is the property that determines the heat
resistance by using this method. Figure 22 shows a plot of % elongation change at 150C. This
compound was tested to 2000 hours and the compound still retained ~90% of its original
elongation. The curve was then extrapolated to 50 % loss and is shown in Figure 23.
The time to 50% loss was calculated for each of the 3 temperatures. The log of time vs
log 1/T (K absolute temperature) was plotted, resulting a line. A line was developed and the
correlation ratio calculated. The R2 value was > .99, which is an indication of a good fit. The
plot was changed to a more user-friendly plot and can be seen in Figure 24.

TEAR RESISTANCE
The typical tear resistance test that is used is the trouser tear against the grain using DIN
53507A method. The test specimens were oven aged 168 hours @ 175C and 72 hours @200C.
The results were plotted and can be viewed in Figure 25. Most of the TDI specifications specify
tear values above 2 kNM. The compound based on the HT-ACM212HR met this requirement.

OIL AND FUEL RESISTANCE
Resistance to automotive engine oils and fuels is important in many automotive hose
applications. HT-ACM compounds offer excellent resistance to a range of fully and semi-
synthetic engine oils; diesel and diesel/bio-diesel fuel blends. It should be noted that ACM
elastomers are not resistant to gasoline fuel. Figures 26 and 27 show the excellent performance
of HT-ACM AR212HR hose compound in the reference oil, Cecilia 20 (C20) and engine oils,
Shell Helix Plus and Castrol SLX. The performance offered by the HT-ACM elastomers enables

- 7 -
their use in a whole range of hose applications where these and other similar lubricants may be
encountered.
The diesel fuel resistance can be seen in Figure 28. The fuels that were used in this evaluation of
the HT-ACM AR212HR were standard diesel and a mixture of Diesel/5%RME (95/5). The test
time and temperature used was 48 hours @23C. Minimal change in physical properties was
observed after the samples had been exposed to the different fuels/mixtures.

FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE
Specifications for HT-TDI hoses calling for the use of HT-ACM have already been or are
in the process of being introduced by many European car manufacturers. Hoses developed and
now in production with HyTemp

AR212HR have satisfied the dynamic impulse performance

requirements of many of these specifications at the typical expected operating temperatures of
170C to 180C with peaks up to 190C.
Table I identifies some of these specifications Introduced (I), Draft (D), and revision of
existing (E) to accommodate HT-ACM.
The SAE definition of heat resistance does not mean that the compound cannot function
above this temperature. For example the HT-ACM is rated @ 175C by this definition, however
compounds based on this polymer have functioned quite well at 180C with intermittent
temperature spikes to 200C. It should be noted that this is a guideline to a functional absolute
temperature.
SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS
A new HT-ACM elastomer, new curative and protection system has been developed
providing both long-term high-temperature performance and excellent processing characteristics
for extrusion operations. Applications for this new elastomer include extruded HT TDI hose and
air ducts. The Volkswagen Group were the first to introduce the new class of HT-ACM TDI
Hoses in 2004 with the requirements specified in the VW TL 526.34 standard
5
. Other car
producers have followed with a similar approach. A fundamental change in philosophy was
adopted by VW with respect to the HT hoses, being much softer (55 to 65 Shore A) compared to
the well-established standard (70 Shore A) TDI hoses. These HT hoses are expected to perform
continuously at 175C /185C and intermittently to temperatures as high as 190C / 200C. They
were introduced to compensate for the performance deficiencies of standard ACM and/ or AEM
TDI Hoses (150C to 160C) and provide a more cost-effective alternative to the more expensive
current high-temperature solutions such as FKM, VMQ, and FVMQ hoses. These softer hoses
also offer benefits in reduced noise, improved vibration characteristics, and enhanced flexibility
during aging in service.
Benefits of the new HT-ACM elastomer can be summarized as:
HT-ACMs yield higher retention of property than AEM compounds
The new antioxidant package present in the HT-ACM gives better tensile strength after
aging, and should only be used when trying to meet a specification which has minimum
tensile values like VW for extruded products.
Excellent long-term aging characteristics minimal property changes.
Temperature range 30C to 175C* with peaks to 190C /200C.
Enhanced scorch behavior and excellent extrusion characteristics.
Upgrade vs. AEM and standard ACM hoses operating at 150C /160C.
Cost effective alternative to present high-cost TDI solutions.
Wide range of hose hardness can be extruded: 50 to 80 Shore A.
Excellent oil & diesel fuel resistance.
Suitable for molded and extrusion applications.
* SAE definition

- 8 -

ACKNOWLEGEMENTS
The author would like to thank Zeon Corporation, Zeon Chemicals L.P., and Zeon Europe
GmbH for their permission to publish this paper and their support and contributions to it.

REFERENCES
1. I. Kubota, et al., Paper 126, Improved Heat & Compression Set Resistance Polyacrylate
Elastomers; Part A , Polymer Development, ACS , Cincinnati, OH, 2000
2. P. Manley, et al., Paper 127, Improved Heat & Compression Set Resistance Polyacrylate
Elastomers; Part B - Applications in Engine and Automatic Transmission Fluids Requiring Low
Compressive Stress Relaxation ACS, Cincinnati, OH, 2000
3. I. Kubota, et al., Paper 32, Improved Low-Temperature Properties Polyacrylate Elastomers,
ACS, Cleveland, OH, 2001
4 SAE J2236 Standard method for determining continuous upper temperature resistance of
elastomers
5. Volkswagen AG, TL 526.34, September 2005 Charge Air Hoses Made of High-
Temperature ACM Elastomer

- 9 -








AEM Recipes
AEM-G AEM-GLS AEM GXF AEM GXF HT
AEM G 100.00
AEMGLS 100.00
AEMGXF 100.00 100.00
N772 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
Stearic Acid 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50
AO 445 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Process aid VAM 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Process Aid 18 D 0.50 0.50 0.50
TP759 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Subtotal 160.00 160.00 160.00 159.50
Cure system
DOTG 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
HDC 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50
TOTAL 165.50 165.50 165.50 165.00
Figure 1
Original Properties
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50
60 60 60 60
70 70 70 70
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness A, (pts) 3 sec delay Hardness A, (pts) 3 sec delay Hardness A, (pts) 3 sec delay Hardness A, (pts) 3 sec delay
Figure 3
Rheological Properties
HT ACM -EX HT-ACM EXAOHT-ACM M HT-ACM-MAOAEM-G AEM-GLS AEM GXF AEM GXF HT
Mooney Scorch ML @,120C,
MinimumViscosity 30.0 32.0 29.0 30.0 16.0 16.0 15.0 16.0
T5, (min) 11.3 7.3 15.1 12.6 8.2 6.6 13.1 11.3
T10, (min) 14.0 8.5 18.3 15.3 10.3 8.5 18.4 15.5
MDR-2000 Rheometer,180C,
ML, (lbfin) 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
MH, (lbfin) 4.8 4.9 6.4 6.5 8.5 7.7 7.4 8.0
Ts2, (min) 1.9 1.5 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.7
T'90, (min) 18.6 18.4 12.7 11.4 6.2 5.0 9.6 8.7
Figure 2

- 10 -





Original Properties
Tensile MPa
0 00 0
2 22 2
4 44 4
6 66 6
8 88 8
10 10 10 10
12 12 12 12
14 14 14 14
16 16 16 16
18 18 18 18
20 20 20 20
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
M
P
a
M
P
a
M
P
a
M
P
a
0 00 0
1 11 1
2 22 2
3 33 3
4 44 4
5 55 5
6 66 6
7 77 7
8 88 8
9 99 9
10 10 10 10
23C 23C 23C 23C 150C 150C 150C 150C
Figure 4
Original Properties
0 00 0
50 50 50 50
100 100 100 100
150 150 150 150
200 200 200 200
250 250 250 250
300 300 300 300
350 350 350 350
400 400 400 400
450 450 450 450
500 500 500 500
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
50 50 50 50
70 70 70 70
90 90 90 90
110 110 110 110
130 130 130 130
150 150 150 150
170 170 170 170
190 190 190 190
210 210 210 210
230 230 230 230
250 250 250 250
23C 23C 23C 23C 150C 150C 150C 150C
Figure 5
ASTM Compression set
Plied Disc@ 175C
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50
60 60 60 60
70 70 70 70
80 80 80 80
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
24 hours 24 hours 24 hours 24 hours 168 hours 168 hours 168 hours 168 hours 504 hours 504 hours 504 hours 504 hours
Figure 6

- 11 -


































VW Compression set
24 hours @ 175C
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50
60 60 60 60
70 70 70 70
80 80 80 80
90 90 90 90
100 100 100 100
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
24 hours 24 hours 24 hours 24 hours
Figure 7
Air Oven Aging
Tensile values after aging
Figure 8
0 00 0
2 22 2
4 44 4
6 66 6
8 88 8
10 10 10 10
12 12 12 12
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
MPa 168 h 190 MPa 168 h 190 MPa 168 h 190 MPa 168 h 190 MPa 168h 200 MPa 168h 200 MPa 168h 200 MPa 168h 200
MPa 1008h 175 MPa 1008h 175 MPa 1008h 175 MPa 1008h 175
Air Oven Aging
% Elongation after aging
0 00 0
50 50 50 50
100 100 100 100
150 150 150 150
200 200 200 200
250 250 250 250
300 300 300 300
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Elong 168 h 190 Elong 168 h 190 Elong 168 h 190 Elong 168 h 190 Elong 168 h 200 Elong 168 h 200 Elong 168 h 200 Elong 168 h 200
Elong 1008h 175 Elong 1008h 175 Elong 1008h 175 Elong 1008h 175
Figure 9

- 12 -




Air Oven Aging
1008 hours @ 175C Property Change
-100 -100 -100 -100
-90 -90 -90 -90
-80 -80 -80 -80
-70 -70 -70 -70
-60 -60 -60 -60
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%)
Figure 12
Air Oven Aging
168 hours @ 190C Property Change
-70 -70 -70 -70
-60 -60 -60 -60
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%)
Figure 10
Air Oven Aging
168 hours @ 200C Property Change
-70 -70 -70 -70
-60 -60 -60 -60
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
Hardness A, change Hardness A, change Hardness A, change Hardness A, change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%)
Figure 11

- 13 -





LUBRISOL OS LUBRISOL OS LUBRISOL OS LUBRISOL OS 206304 Oil Aging 206304 Oil Aging 206304 Oil Aging 206304 Oil Aging
94 hours @ 175C Property Change
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
A
E
M

G
X
F

M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change
Figure 13
Shell Helix Ultra Oil Aging Oil Aging Oil Aging Oil Aging
168hrs @ 190 168hrs @ 190 168hrs @ 190 168hrs @ 190C Property Change C Property Change C Property Change C Property Change
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M

G
L
S
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change
Figure 14
-70 -70 -70 -70
-60 -60 -60 -60
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
E
X
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-M
A
O
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M

G
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
A
E
M

G
X
F
M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change
Figure 15
Diesel Fuel - TEXACO LOW SULFUR 95% / RME 5%
46hrs @ 23C Property Change

- 14 -





Diesel Ref Fuel: ISO 1817 Type F Fluid 95% / RME 5%
46hrs @ 23C Property Change
-70 -70 -70 -70
-60 -60 -60 -60
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M

E
X
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
E
X
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
H
T
-
A
C
M
-
M
A
O
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
L
S
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
A
E
M
G
X
F
M
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Hardness change Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%) Tensile Change, (%)
Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Elongation Change, (%) Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change Wt Change
Figure 16
Scorch Safety / Rheology
Extrusion Processing

0 00 0
5 55 5
10 10 10 10
15 15 15 15
20 20 20 20
ACM 212Mollding AR212HR - Ext Cure
M
i
n
u
t
e
s
Scorch Ts 10 Scorch Ts 10 Scorch Ts 10 Scorch Ts 10
Safe Processing characteristics
Minutes@ 120C
MDR @ 180C
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
time (mins)
t
o
r
q
u
e

(
l
b
s
-
i
n
)
AR212HR AR22
Combined with Fast safe cure
For Steam Autoclaves
Figure 17
Tensile Change
190C
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
0 00 0 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR
Figure 18

- 15 -






% Elongation Change
190C
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
0 00 0 200 200 200 200 400 400 400 400
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR
Figure 19
Tensile Change
175C
-50 -50 -50 -50
-40 -40 -40 -40
-30 -30 -30 -30
-20 -20 -20 -20
-10 -10 -10 -10
0 00 0
10 10 10 10
0 00 0 168 168 168 168 336 336 336 336 504 504 504 504 672 672 672 672 840 840 840 840 100 100 100 100
8 88 8
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR
Figure 20
% Elongation Change
175C
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
0 168 336 504 672 840 1008
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR
Figure 21

- 16 -


















































% Elongation Change
150C
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
0 504 1008 1512 2016
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR
Figure 22
% Elongation Change
150C
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
0 504 1008 1512 2016 2520 3024 3528 4032
Hours
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
HT-ACM AR212HR HT-ACM AR212HR Trend
Figure 23
Heat Resistance
Heat resistance
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
1008 1512 2016 2520 3024 3528 4032
Hours
T
e
m
p

C
HT-ACM AR212HR
SAE J2236 Heat Resistance definition : Less than 50% property loss
Figure 24

- 17 -









































Tear Resistance Trouser DIN 53507A
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tear
23C 175C (168h) 200C (72h)
k
N
\
m
Figure 25
O i l R e s i s t a n c e
1 6 8 H o u r s @ 1 7 5 C
- 3 0
- 2 5
- 2 0
- 1 5
- 1 0
- 5
0
5
1 0
H
a
r
d
n
e
s
s
T
e
n
s
i
l
e
E
/
B
V
o
l
u
m
e
W
e
i
g
h
t
O S 2 0 6 3 0 4 C 2 0 S L X H e l i x P l u s
P
o
i
n
t
s

&

P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
F i g u r e 2 6
O i l R e s i s t a n c e
5 0 4 H o u r s @ 1 6 0 C
- 3 0
- 2 5
- 2 0
- 1 5
- 1 0
- 5
0
5
1 0
H
a
r
d
n
e
s
s
T
e
n
s
i
l
e
E
/
B
V
o
l
u
m
e
W
e
i
g
h
t
C 2 0 S L X H e l i x P l u s
P
o
i
n
t
s

&

P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
F i g u r e 2 7

- 18 -

D i e s e l F u e l R e s i s t a n c e
4 8 H o u r s @ 2 3 C
- 5 0
- 4 0
- 3 0
- 2 0
- 1 0
0
1 0
2 0
H
a
r
d
n
e
s
s
T
e
n
s
i
l
e
E
/
B
V
o
l
u
m
e
W
e
i
g
h
t
D i e s e l D i e s e l / R M E : 9 5 / 5 %
P
o
i
n
t
s

&

P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
F i g u r e 2 8
New TDI Hose Specifications
based on HT-ACM
VW: TL 526.34
GME : 14027 Draft May 2006
PSA: B21 5505 / Class 175C
Renault: 39-06-204 / D
Fiat: 9.02132 / 01 / E
Ford : WSD M96D30A&A2 (Development Basis)
DCX: DBL 6251.34 (Development Basis)
Table I
Zeon HT-ACM Hose Compound
Typical Property Range
Original Properties
Tensile 10 to 11.5 MPa
Elongation > 250 %
Hardness (ShA) 55-65 pts
Low Temperature -30C to -35C
Compression Set
168 hours @ 175C 30 to 35%
504 hours @ 175C 45 to 55%
Aged Properties (1 week at 190C)
Tensile 0 to -5%
Elongation 200%
Hardness (ShA) 62 pts (58 orig.)
Low Temperature No Change
Fluid Resistance
Engine Oil -Volume change < + 10%
Diesel & Diesel/RME < + 15%
Hardness Change 10 to + 5
Table II

- 19 -

Properties vs. Specification
HT ACM AR212HR Performance
Table III