Schlumberger

Perforating &
Testing
Description
Page i
FPIT
Confidential (7-Nov-96) http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm
Table of Contents
Description ............................................................................................................................ 1
Tool History........................................................................................................................................................................ 1
Physics of Measurement .................................................................................................................................................... 2
General Information.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
Tool Ratings........................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Tool Specifications........................................................................................................................................................... 6
Figures
Figure 1. Measurement Sensors of FPIT-A................................................................................................... 3
Figure 2. FPIT Configuration......................................................................................................................... 5
Tables
Table 1. Tool Information.............................................................................................................................. 4
Table 2. Equipment Information.................................................................................................................... 6
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
Description
Page 1
FPIT
Confidential (7-Nov-96) http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm
Description
WARNING
Read the safety precautions in the Safety chapter before attempting a backoff operation.
During the course of drilling a well, the drill assembly may get stuck in the borehole due to hole conditions,
formation characteristics, mud properties, choice of assembly components, mechanical failure and human
error. To save the well and minimize costs, the recovery of stuck drill assemblies is a major concern of our
customers.
The Free Point Indicator Tool (FPIT) helps determine how much of the stuck assembly may be recovered.
Recovery of the free section is conveniently done by a Backoff (BO) shot applied inside a tool joint that is
subjected to left-hand torque. Please refer to the Backoff manual for additional information.
FPIT has the following features:
Independent measurements of stretch and torque are recorded sequentially.
Both left- or right-hand torque may be recorded.
Stretch and torque can be monitored while the pipe stretch or torque is being transmitted downhole.
Strong positive anchoring is efficient on drillships, semi-submersibles and deviated wells.
Drillers parameters are input into and integrated by the MAXIS for more efficient operation.
Drillstring configuration (DSC) is presented and correlated with tool measurements which facilitates
decision making.
The tool may be run in combination with a Backoff shot, thus saving one run. However, in practice, this
feature is not encouraged.
Tool History
The first downhole tool to measure pipe stretch and torque was introduced to the industry in 1945. The first
Schlumberger Stuck-point Indicator Tool (SIT) was used overseas but not in the USA. The introduction of
FPIT-A offers advantages over the SIT as it uses a different transformer type of sensor, a sensor reset
mechanism that is independent of pipe-position and it is combinable with a Backoff string.
Even though the FPIT-A has proven its usefulness to the field, there is room for improvement. Most improtant
is the need to improve the reliability of the anchoring system and to improve the durability of the 1
3
/8 in. tool
so it can withstand the explosive stresses when run in combination with the BO shot. One of the problems with
the FPIT-A is that it requires the use of heptacable. This has been addressed by the release of the FPIT-C. The
FPIT-C, with the associated FPIM-B module, can be run on monocable.
Page 2
FPIT
Description
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm Confidential (7-Nov-96)
Physics of Measurement
Within the elastic range of the pipe material, the free section deforms linearly or angularly when subjected to
tension or torsion. The FPIT measures the amount of deformation over a fixed length of pipe at a given depth
for a known amount of tensile or torsional stress. It then compares these with theoretical values computed from
the properties of the pipe material and the pipe dimensions. The measured deformation should equal the
theoretical deformation in free pipe. The absence of any deformation indicates the pipe is stuck at or above the
measurement point.
The FPIT sensors consist of a transducer section midway between two mechanical anchor assemblies that
secure themselves firmly against the inside wall of the pipe. Stretch or torque causes a linear or rotational
motion from one anchor to the other. This introduces a displacement of the transmitter coils relative to the
receiver coils.
The measurement principle is based on the differential mutual induction between coils of a Kelvin transformer.
The primary is a single coil mounted on the upper anchor assembly, while the secondary has two coils installed
on a mobile sleeve within the lower assembly. When a periodic current is fed through the primary (transmitter),
a signal is induced in the secondary (receiver). The amplitude of the signal is a function of the relative
positions of the coils. Signal variations are rectified and amplified downhole before being converted to
microstrain in the MAXIS.
The stretch sensor has axial coils, symmetrical along the longitudinal axis. Angular displacement has no effect
on the response. The torque sensors are radial coils with the secondary coils parallel to each other and
perpendicular to the primary. A spring resets the stretch sensor and a locating key resets the torque sensor.
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
Description
Page 3
FPIT
Confidential (7-Nov-96) http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm
Figure 1. Measurement Sensors of FPIT-A
Page 4
FPIT
Description
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm Confidential (7-Nov-96)
General Information

Table 1. Tool Information
Tool LES Group Module Power Supply Voltage Current
FPIT-A OH-Analog, Explosive FPIM-A AC-MAIN 0 VAC 500mA open,
400mA close
Relay Power 200 VDC 62.3mA 2.5%
EMEX Power 50 VDC
FPIT-C OH-Analog, Explosive FPIM-B DC-MAIN 65 VDC * Task Dependent
Backoff OH-Analog, Explosive FPIM-A,
SHM**
DC-MAIN Depends on
detonator used
* Should be adjusted to 65 VDC both in measurement and during open/close operations.
** For stand-alone Backoff only.
The FPIM modules are used to send the electrical power from the wellsite acquisition system to the downhole
tool. They also act as interface between the wellsite acquisition system and the following signals coming from
downhole:
Stretch signal
Torque signal
Anchor-motor signals
CCL signal
A bar graph array on the FPIM front panel is used to display the computed stretch or torque-free percentage.
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
Description
Page 5
FPIT
Confidential (7-Nov-96) http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm
MAXIS
FPIM-
A or -B
modu le
PEH-L 1-3/ 8 i n. head
Carryi ng tube (J298843)
FPIC-A or -B cartridge
CCL
Cali brati on ji g (J299934)
Carrying tube (J298843)
Carryi ng tube
Sh ot Bar Assembly
FPIA-A Sh ock
Ab sorber Assembly
FPIS-A 1-3/8 in.
Sonde
Bot tom Nose
FPIB-A FPIB-A test box
Figure 2. FPIT Configuration
Page 6
FPIT
Description
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm Confidential (7-Nov-96)
Tool Ratings
The ratings for the tools are shown in table 2.

Table 2. Equipment Information
Component Temp
(F)
Pressure
(kpsi)
Hole Size
(in.)
Diameter
(in.)
Weight
(lbm)
Length
(in.)
Min Max
FPIT-A 350 20 (1) 1.5 5.0 1.375 40.75 167
FPIC-A/B in FPIH-A 25 (2) 1.875 (3)
FPIS-A
FPIT-C 350 25 1.5 5.0 1.375 40.75 167
FPIC-C in FPIH-A + MFPI-A 1.875 (3)
FPIS-A
1 - With Backoff in combination
2 - Without Backoff in combination
3 - With FPIK-B long arm adapter (J952260) for 9
5
/8 in. or 13
3
/8 in. casing.
Tool Specifications
The FPIT specifications are described below.
Operating Range:
Anchoring capabilities: 1.5 to 5 in. (with same set of arms)
Maximum hole deviation: No limit (tool may have to be pumped down)
Minimum stretch reading: 10 STR (0.12 in./kft)
Maximum stretch reading: 1500 STR (18 in./kft)
Minimum torque reading: 0.02 Rev/kft
Maximum torque reading: 1.5 Rev/kft
Normal ranges: 10 to 300 STR in stretch, 0.02 to 0.5 Rev/kft in torque
Accuracy: 10% at room temperature, normal range 10% at 175C (350F)
Data Acquisition Frequency
Except for CCL, acquisitions are enabled when station is opened and are disabled at the end of station.
CCL is acquired on sub-frame head, every
1
/2 in. All other outputs are acquired during station, every
1
/2 sec.
Schlumberger
Perforating &
Testing
Description
Page 7
FPIT
Confidential (7-Nov-96) http://www.rosharon.wireline.slb.com/sptext/prodinfo/manuals/manuals.htm
Stretch
A displacement of 2.2 meters at the sensor gives a measurement of 1 STR [2.2 M is the delta L/L x 10E-6
of 2.207 meter (distance between anchors)]. See below.
( )
( )
1 STR
Elongation m
Dist between anchors L m x 10
2 2 m
2 207m x 10
6 6

= =
- -
.
.
.
Torque
One Rev/1000 ft gives 2.6 of torque for the tool.
Fishing
In case an FPIT-A gets stuck, the PEH-L has a built-in weak-point. This is an exchangeable rod that can be
replaced. The standard rod has a 4800 to 5400 lbf rating, but other ranges are available from EPS.
The FPIT-C is run on monocable; therefore, the standard MH-22 weak-points are obviously used.
In case the tool cannot close after a station measurement, the anchor arms also have built-in weak-points. The
spirol pins fastening the arm tips will shear at 1000 lbf overpull and will give
1
/2 in. clearance around the tool.
Under normal circumstance this is enough to bring the tool to surface.
In case the
1
/2 in. clearance is not enough, the bearings holding the anchor arms will shear with 2000 lbf
overpull. This will allow the arms to close completely.
Equipment Options
The FPIT Test Box (FPIB-A) is used to check the cartridge response to a dummy sensor. This is connected
between the lower head of the cartridge and the upper head of the sonde.
The calibration jig (J299934) is used to apply a precise pull when calibrating the stretch measurement and
to apply a precise rotation when calibrating the torque measurement. This jig is attached over the torque
and stretch sensors midway between the upper and lower anchors.
The long arm adapter, FPIK-B (J952260), is used when FPIT is required in pipe larger than 5 in. ID.
For stand-alone Backoff equipment options, refer to the Backoff manual.