Lennie May Galope Grade 8-Charles Darwin

TRIVIA
*DNA (Deoxyribunucleic acid)
If you unwrap all the DNA you have in all your cells, you would reach the moon 6000 times.
The odds tat two individuals will have the same 13 loci DNA profite is about in one billion
DNA can be stoned either as cells on a cotton swab, buccal brush, or frozen blood on in
extracted form.
A DNA mutation or variation may be, associated with a higher risk of a number
diseases,including breast cancer.
If all DNA in your body was put end to end, it would reach to the sun and back over 600 times
(1oo trillion on times six feet divided by 92 million miles)

*RNA (Ribunucleic acid)
Just one major RNA polymerase activity could be extracted from Ecoli cells from many other
bacteria.
RNA is indistinguistable through DNA except fpr the critical existence of an extra hydrolyx group
attached with the pentose ring in the 2 position
RNA is out together as a chair of nucleotides, but is generally single-stranded
Several RNA molecules perform an active function within cells by catalizing biological reactions,
managing gene expression or sensing and communicating replies to cellular signals.
RNA comprises the nucleic acid, which, along with proteins, constitute the three main
macromolecules important for all known types of life.

*Genes
Genes are the bodys chemical instructions for your entire life- growing up, surviving, having
children and perhaps even for dying.
Small sets of genes control features such as the color of your hair or your eyes, or create a
particular body process such as digesting fat from food.
Each of your body cells (except egg and sperm cells) carriers identical sets of genes
Your genes are a mixture half come from your mother and half from your father but none of
your brothers or sisters will get the same mix, unless you are identical twins
Individual genes are instructions to make particular proteins

*CHROMOSOMES
About 1 in 180 babies is born with a chromosomes abnormality.
The sex determining chromosomes (X and Y) are the only pair that is not symmetrical in size. The
Y-Chromosomes possess 60 million bases, against 153 millions of for the X-Chromosomes
The number of chromosomes does not correlate with the size or complexity of an organism
Chromosomes are stick like objects in the nucleus of a cell.
Every species of plant or animal has a specific number of chromosomes number is the same in
all cells. Among sexually reproducing organisms, each call except the sex cells contains a pair of
Chromosomes, these cells are called diploid

*GENOME PROJECT
There are between 30,000 and 40,000 genes in the human genome
A human being can be made from a gene count only twice as great as that of fly or worm.
Hundreds of genes appear to have come from bacteria
As early as 10 years ago, it was believed that 97 percent of DNA was junk material
Prior to the human genome project, it was estimated the human DNA contained more than
100,000 genes, through that number is now estimated at closer to 20,000-25,000