ICS 103: Computer Programming in C

Lab 10: How to Use 1-D array with Funtions

!b"eti#e:
Practice how to use one-dimensional arrays with function.
$a%groun&:
You can pass individual array elements or their addresses to a function that has normal or pointer variables
as arguments respectively. Array elements behave like normal variables.
We can also have a function that takes the whole array as argument. Such a function does not create a
local array when called; instead it will ust receive the address of the actual array !the one used in the call"
and work directly on its elements. #hus array addresses are passed in a function call. An e$ample of a
prototype of a function that has an array as argument is%
void print_array (double a[], int n);
As noticed above& we use s'uare brackets without specifying the si(e. )ut in addition to the array& we need
the number of elements of the array and this is why we have the second argument n. When calling such a
function& we use the name of the actual array without s'uare brackets for the first argument. *or the second
argument& we use the si(e of the actual array if it is full& otherwise we use the actual number of the elements
present in the array if it is partially filled.
When array are used as arguments& they behave like pointers. Since the function is able to access all the
elements of the actual array because it has received its address& it can use the values of the array elements. +n
this case& the array is used as input. +t can also assign values to the elements of the array; +n such a case& the
array is used as output. +t can also modify the values of the array elements; leading to the array being used
for both input and output. ,ore clarification for this issue by looking at the functions e$amples covered in
the lecture%
void print_array (double a[], int n); -- array used for input. #he function accesses the --values and
print them on the screen
void get_average (double a[], int n ); -- array used for input. #he functions uses the array --values to
find sum and average.
void get_max_min (double a[], int n, double *max, double *min); -- array used for input. #he
--function uses the array values to find ma$imum and minimum.
void read_array (double a[], int n); -- array used for output. #he function reads values --from the
user and assigns them to the elements of the array.
void double_array (double a[], int n); -- .ere the array is used for both input and output. When
--calling the function& the array has already values in its elements. #he function --modifies these values
by --multiplying them by /. #hus the modified array will be output.
void reverse_array (double a[], int n); -- .ere also the array is used for input and output. 0alues
are --already present in the array when the function is called !input". #hese values are modified by
reversing --their order !output".
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The following example shows the use of a function with array as argument.
#include <stdio.h>
#define SIZE 10
int sumValues (int a[], int n ) !!function "#otot$"e
int main( ) %
int &alues[SIZE]
int total'sum,i
"#intf((Ente# )d inte*e# &alues >(,SIZE)
fo#(i+0i<SIZEi,,)
scanf(()d(,-&alues[i])
total'sum + sumValues (&alues, SIZE) !!function call
!!.he function accesses di#ectl$ the elements of a##a$ &alues. It does
!! not c#eate a local a##a$ a
"#intf((.otal sum+)d(,total'sum)
#etu#n 0
/
!! function definition
int sumValues (int a[], int n) %
int i,sum + 0
fo#( i+0 i < n i,,)
sum,+a[i]
#etu#n sum
/
'(erises:
'(erise ) 1:
Write a program that reads from the user two arrays of the same si(e%
Array *% contains double numbers representing the students2 lab marks
Array $% contains integer numbers representing the total absences for each student.
#he program then calls a function called !a+,ota+" that will take array * and $ as an input and returns an
array C of type double that contains the result of subtracting each element in $ from the corresponding
element in *.
3$ample%
*rray * 45.6 76.6 88.8 58.4 77.6
*rray $ 8 9 / 6 9
*rray C 49.6 54.6 89.8 58.4 7:.6
/
'(erise ) -:
Write a program that reads a list of students2 marks and prints the following%
1- #he minimum grade.
/- #he ma$imum grade.
9- #he corresponding letter grade for each student according to the following table%
,ark ;etter
<= 76 A
<=48 >> ?76 )
<=:8 >> ?48 @
<=86 >> ?:8 A
?86 *
Bse the following functions to solve the problem%
readArray A function that takes two parameters%
1- double array.
/- +nteger n representing the si(e of the array.
#he function should return an array containing !n" numbers read from the user.
minMax A function that takes an array as an input and returns two values !the minimum
and the ma$imum numbers found in the array".
calcGrade A functions that takes a double array containing the students C marks and
returns another array of type char containing the corresponding letter grade for each
student.
'(erise ) 3:
Write a @ program that declares 9 integer 1-A arrays $& y& and ( of si(e S+D3 !constant to be defined e'ual to
16". #he program then reads values for $ and y arrays from the user!use some common values".
*or the reading use the function readEarray.
*inally the program finds the common values in $ and y. #o achieve this& you need to write a function
intersection that receives / integer arrays as input arguments and a third array ( to be used as output
to contain the common values. +n addition to putting the common values in array (& the function
returns the number of common values.
After calling the intersection function& your main function will display the contents of the three arrays on the
screen. *or printing use the function print_array.
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