online banking

First offered in 1995, online banking is the latest twist in the ever growing world of technology. Online banking only
uses today's computer technology to manage your money more quickly and efficiently. Online banking can take
different forms. Some online banking system are Software based meaning you will need software such as Quicken or
Microsoft Money in order to access your account. Other system are Internet based meaning you can access your
bank account from any computer that is connected to the web from home, office or while travelling. The main
difference between online banking and Internet banking is the location of records. Online banks support financial-
management software installed on your computer. Internet bank provides software on their computer system, so user
don't have to store records or software on their own computers. Today, most large national banks, many regional
banks and smaller banks and credit unions offer some form of online banking. In online banking you won't have to
wait for a monthly statement, bank update account every day and you can view your account information anytime.
For example you can see if an important check has cleared or a deposit has been made. B

Gigabit Ethernet
Advantage and disadvantage of Gigabit Ethernet: Gigabit Ethernet is 100 times faster than the original 10Mbps
Ethernet and 10 faster than 100Mbps Fast Ethernet. The principle benefits of Gigabit Ethernet include:Full-duplex
capacity of Gigabit, allowing the effective bandwidth to communicate in both ways simultaneously, therefore it
increases the transfer rate. Increasing bandwidth for higher performance and elimination of bottlenecks. Improving
the traffic flow in overcrowded area. Transferring large amounts of data across a network quickly. Gigabit Ethernet
provides Class of Service (CoS) but it is not guaranteed of bandwidth like Quality of Service (QoS) therefore it does
not allow a best support for reliable packet delivery (Eric Hards, 2002). Gigabit Ethernet is suited for server-to-server,
switch-to-switch, switch-to-router connections allowed the enterprise to increase network speed easily within the
Ethernet networks (Pisciletto, 1997). Gigabit Ethernet also has the advantage of large install base of Ethernet
network (Cisco System, 2000a).Gigabit is a multi-Gigabit speeds bandwidth using Gigabit server adapters and
switches. The availability of the Gigabit Ethernet is fully

SHOPPING WAY THROUGH THE LINES

On 3 March 1997 on a snowy night, Mr. Hacisalihoglu and Ms. Sanlialp, who were the founders of G&G clothing
company, were depressed. That is why that day was one of the stationary demand days, there was a period of slight
depression for three years in the country and they were occasionally killing time in the shop. There were a few
customers and the number was declining everyday. Markets had tended to downsize, and their company was on
edge of bankruptcy, whereas they established this firm 8 years ago and dedicated themselves to their company.
What was their fault in this operating period? What can they do in order to survive in the market? On that day they
were thinking the cause of that fiasco. Mr. Hacisalihoglu was bored and surfing the Internet, which was just spreading
in Turkey. He saw that scene on his monitor (look at table 1.1) then his eyes shined with joy and excitement. The
answer was in front of them, potential customer population on Internet. There were millions of people who use the
Internet daily. It is just an indication of that people especially consumers are spending more and more of their time on
the electronic medium. They could use Internet to reach them. When he shared his idea with Gulten, they love that i

DSL
How many times have you just wanted to jump on the internet and do some web surfing, perhaps even download a
few of your favorite tunes from Napster? What seemed like a perfect idea just turned into endless time in front of the
monitor because your Internet connection has not been maximized? The objective of this paper is to examine the use
of DSL and its effects on today's technological based society. Digital Subscriber Line or more commonly known as
DSL is a broad band technology that uses existing telephone lines and digital coding to create a connection to the
Internet from your computer. The digital lines make the transmission of computer information faster and more
reliable.The same copper-based lines that let you make and receive telephone calls are used at a higher frequency.
DSL modems are hooked up at both ends of a telephone line one in the home, the other at the nearest telephone
company switching station. The modems digitally divide the telephone into three channels: One handles the
telephone traffic, the other handles the upstream information from your computer to the internet; and the third channel
handles the downstream information traffic from the Internet to your computer.

Compare and contrast financial

Compare and contrast financial institution structures of the U.K. and U.S.Over the past two-decade we have witness
tremendous changes in both U.K. and U.S. financial market. In this essay I will discuss how financial institutions are
regulated, how financial institutions use technology to produce financial services and how financial institutions
compete with each other in both U.K. and U.S. financial market. Among all the financial institutions I will focus more
on change in commercial bank in U.S. and retail bank and building societies in U.K. financial market. In U.K. and
U.S., financial systems in general, and the banking sector in particular, are passing through a period of substantial
structural change under the pressures of: internal competition; declining entry barriers; changes in regulation; new
information, trading and delivery technology. We start first by examining how changes in banking regulations have
fundamentally changed the landscape of the U.S. commercial banking industry and the U.K. retail banking
industry.There has a huge change in the U.K. financial system over the last two decades. The transformation of the
U.K. banks and building societies can be anal

Communication Protocols
Differences in Communication Protocols Telecommunications is the electronic sharing of information. The information
shared may take the forms of audio, data, or video. Technologies for communicating information include traditional
telephones, wireless cellular technologies, and networked computers. This paper will cover highlights of historical
telecommunications technologies, present telecommunications systems, and future telecommunications
technologies. Telecommunications spans diverse physical media and transmission protocols. This section presents
currently used technologies. Advantages and disadvantages of each technology are described in detail. Table 3
shows the comparative bandwidth available for each of these technologies, ranging from 56 kbps to 100 Mbps.Table
3. COMPARATIVE BANDWIDTHS. This table summarizes approximate theoretical data bandwidths, as gathered
from the references. These numbers should not be taken as absolutes; the following text should supplement the
numbers.

e-commerce
Electronic commerce, also known as e-commerce, has developed rapidly in the last few years. In this paper, I will talk
about the advantages along with the disadvantages of e-commerce. E-commerce consists of many things. People
today are aware of the common phrase 'e-commerce', but there is a lot more to it then they are aware of. "Most
people think e-commerce is just about buying and selling things over the Internet" (Wareham, 2000). E-commerce is
a broad term describing the electronic exchange of business data between two or more organizations' computers. E-
commerce includes buying and selling any item over the Internet, electronic fund transfer, smart cards, and all other
methods of conducting business over digital networks. "The primary technological goal of e-commerce is to integrate
businesses, government agencies, and contractors into a single community with the ability to communicate with one
another across any computer platform" (Edwards, 1998). Putting companies on the Internet to sell products or to
organize any type of business has many advantages and disadvantages. With the quick growth of the Internet, many
companies are finding new and exciting ways to expand their business opportu

Frequency and Club marketing

Frequency marketing is the term applied to any program designed to generate brand loyalty and cultivate a long-
lasting relationship with customers. Specifically, it encourages and rewards the ongoing purchase of products and
services. Frequency marketing has existed in one form or another for a long, long time... One of the early programs
began in an A&P grocery store in New York City with trading stamps. Stamps were collected as rewards for
purchases and redeemed for fun merchandise or gifts. It was a guilt-free way for families to shop for discretionary
goods. People enjoyed the process of pasting the stamps in books, setting their goals, then attaining their rewards.
And, of course, they kept going back (thus the frequency) again and again to the store that provided the stamps. After
the idea became successful, everybody put the program in place. Shortly after this all the grocery and gas station
chains had trading stamps, and they became meaningless. Today, something similar is happening with frequent flier
programs. Now that all the airlines have them, the competitive advantage is lost, and many airlines would like to drop
them. There are also emerging "club" systems, s

fiber optics
Fiber optics use light rather than electricity to transmit data. In a fiber optic system, electricity is converted into light by
a LED (Light-Emitting Diode) or laser and sent down a run of fiber optic cabling. While in the cable, the light bounces
off an inner metallic shield called cladding. This cladding keeps the light contained along the fiber optic strand. On the
other end of the fiber optic run, a receiver converts the light signal back into electricity.Generally, fiber optic cables
are made of three layers: the jacket, the cladding, and the core. The core is made of germania-doped silica which
contains and reflects light. The surrounding cladding is made of pure silica and reflects the light that travels down the
core. The jacket is made of an acrylate coating and protect

Security and Privacy

This report focuses on security and privacy issues in regards to technology related to network and system security
and privacy, including security policy, security frameworks, vulnerability assessment, firewalls, intrusion detection,
virtual-private networks, authentication and authorisation, encryption standards, and public-key infrastructure. In the
body of the report are details of samples of techniques and methods to ensure and enhance security and privacy.
Further in this report will be details about the different types of methods or approach which are used in today's IT
industry to reinenforce the focus of security and privacy within technology. PCCW the organisation which I based my
findings upon, has adapted to some of these methods plus cookies and a form of encryption to secure customers
safety of the usage of their credit cards. List below are not necessarily methods which PCCW has approached yet are
methods which may enhance the security of PCCW.The set of laws, rules, and practices that regulate how an
organisation manages, protects, and distributes sensitive information.The security policy is the collection of rules that
define an organisation's security objectives and how tho