31 Worksheet (A2)

1 The flowchart below shows the components that make up an electronic sensor.
What are the names of the missing components? [2]
2 A thermistor is an example of a sensing device.
a ketch the temperature characteristic of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. [2]
b tate the name of one other sensing device. [!]
3 a "escribe the structure of a metal#wire strain gauge. [2]
b A strain gauge contains !$ cm of wire of resistivit% $.& !&
'(
m. The resistance of the
strain gauge is !$& .
i )alculate the cross#sectional area of the wire in the strain gauge. [2]
ii )alculate the increase in resistance when the wire extends b% &.! cm* assuming that
the cross#sectional area and resistivit% remain constant. [!]
4 a What is meant b% negative feedback? [2]
b tate two advantages of negative feedback in an operational amplifier. [2]
5 The circuit shown is used to produce a graph of V
out
against V
in
b% moving the slider on the
variable resistor. The suppl% voltage to the op#amp is + V
s
.
A and A ,evel -h%sics .riginal material / )ambridge 0niversit% -ress 2&!& 1
sensing
device
31 Worksheet
The graph obtained is shown.
a tate the t%pe of amplifier drawn. 1xplain how the graph shows that the
amplifier is of this t%pe. [2]
b tate wh% the graph flattens at the ends. [!]
c uggest the value that was used for the suppl% voltage V
s
. [!]
d tate what changes occur to the graph if2
i R
in
is halved in value but R
f
is kept unchanged [2]
ii R
f
is halved in value but R
in
is unchanged from the initial value [!]
iii the suppl% voltage V
s
is increased. [!]
e The variable resistor is removed and an a.c. signal of maximum voltage !.& 3
is applied to the input of the amplifier circuit. ketch the output voltage and
input voltage on the same graph. [2]
f 1xplain wh% the amplifier circuit produces distortion if an a.c. signal with a maximum
voltage of 4.& 3 is applied to the input. [2]
6 5n the circuit shown in 6uestion 5 the input voltage V
in
is !.& 3 and R
in
is 2.& k.
a 1xplain wh% the potential at the inverting input 78 is almost 9ero. [2]
b tate the value of the fall in potential across R
in
. [!]
c )alculate the current in R
in
. [!]
d 1xplain wh% the current in R
f
is the same as the current in R
in
. [!]
e "etermine the value of R
f
. :ou will need to use the graph from 6uestion 5. [!]
7 An electrical device generates a potential of +!.& m3 at point P.
a tate two properties of an ideal operational amplifier. [2]
b Assuming that the operational amplifier is ideal* calculate2
i the current in the !& k resistor [2]
ii the potential at R [!]
iii the gain of the amplifier using %our answer to b ii [!]
iv the potential difference between R and Q. [!]
A and A ,evel -h%sics .riginal material / )ambridge 0niversit% -ress 2&!& 2
31 Worksheet
8 The circuit shows a non#inverting amplifier with an output voltage of ;.& 3.
a tate two differences between an op#amp used as an inverting amplifier and as
a non#inverting amplifier. [2]
b )alculate the gain of the amplifier shown in the circuit. [2]
c )alculate the value of the input voltage V
in
. [!]
d )alculate the value of the current in the <& k resistor. [2]
e "etermine the voltage across the 2& k resistor. [!]
9 The circuit shows an op#amp used as a comparator.
a 1xplain how the op#amp acts as a comparator. [2]
b tate the value of V
out
when V
'
is larger than V
+
. [!]
c The resistors and the thermistors are all chosen to have the same resistance* as closel% as can
be measured.
i 1xplain wh% the value of V
out
is uncertain. [!]
ii The temperature of thermistor = falls.
1xplain what* if an%thing* happens to V
'
* V
+
and V
out
. [4]
10 A device is to be placed on the output of the circuit shown in 6uestion 9* such that when the output
voltage is +> 3 green light is emitted and when the output voltage is > 3 the light emitted is red.
a "raw the circuit diagram of the device. [2]
b 1xplain how the device works. [2]
Total2
$;
core2 ?
A and A ,evel -h%sics .riginal material / )ambridge 0niversit% -ress 2&!& 3