Gould in 1897

Full name Arthur Joseph Gould

Date of birth 10 October 1864
Place of birth Newport, Monmouthshire
Date of death 2 January 1919 (aged 54)
Place of death Newport, Monmouthshire
Height 179 cm (5 ft 10 in)
[1]
Weight 70 kg (11 st 0 lb)
[1]
Notable relative(s) Bob Gould (brother)
Bert Gould (brother)
Wyatt Gould (brother)
Occupation(s) public works contractor
brewery representative
Rugby union career
Playing career
Position Fullback
Centre
Amateur clubs
Years Club / team
188298
1885
188687

188793
Newport RFC
London Welsh
Richmond F.C.
Southampton Trojans
Middlesex
Hampshire
Arthur Gould
Arthur Gould (rugby union)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arthur Joseph "Monkey" Gould (10 October 1864 2 January 1919) was a Welsh international rugby union centre and fullback who was most associated as a club player with
Newport Rugby Football Club. He won 27 caps for Wales, 18 as captain, and critics consider him the rst superstar of Welsh rugby. A talented all-round player and champion
sprinter, Gould could side-step and kick expertly with either foot. He never ceased practising in order to develop his tness and skills, and on his death was described as "the most
accomplished player of his generation".
[3]
Following the withdrawal of their regular fullback, Newport RFC rst selected Gould in 1882, when he was 18. He was never dropped from the side thereafter and played regularly
until he retired in 1898. Gould played for Newport during their "invincible" season of 189192, when they did not lose a match, and scored a record 37 tries in Newport's 24-game
189394 season, a club record that still stands. Gould frequently travelled due to his job as a public contractor, and consequently turned out for a number of other sides during his
career, including the clubs Richmond and London Welsh, and the county side Middlesex.
Gould was rst selected for Wales in 1885 when he played at fullback against England. He was awarded the captaincy in 1889, by which time he was playing at centre, and led Wales
to their rst Home Nations Championship and Triple Crown titles in 1893; that tournament's match against England established Gould as a great player and captain. By the time
Gould retired he was the most capped Welsh centre, a record he held until 1980, with 25 caps in the position. He ended his international career against England on 9 January 1897.
The game, played in front of 17,000 supporters at Rodney Parade, was Gould's 18th as Wales captain a record eventually broken by Ieuan Evans in 1994.
Towards the end of his career Gould was at the centre of a controversy known as the "Gould affair" that saw Wales withdraw from international rugby for a year. The controversy
centred on the support of the Welsh Football Union (WFU) for a testimonial for Gould on his retirement. The English Rugby Football Union and International Rugby Football Board
(IRFB) argued that the testimonial constituted professionalism which they claimed breached the sport's by-laws. The WFU withdrew from the IRFB in protest, rejoining a year later
under the IRFB-imposed condition that Gould would not represent Wales again. He worked as a brewery representative after retiring from rugby, and died of an internal haemorrhage
in 1919 at the age of 54.
Contents
1 Family and early years
2 Rugby career
2.1 Club and county history
2.2 International career
2.2.1 188589
2.2.2 189093
2.2.3 189497
2.2.4 Matches played
3 Gould affair
4 Later life and legacy
5 Footnotes
6 Sources
Family and early years
Arthur Joseph Gould was born into a sporting family in Newport, Monmouthshire, on 10 October 1864 to Joseph and Elizabeth.
[4]
His father, from Oxford, England, moved to
Newport to nd work, setting up his own brass foundry business.
[4][5]
Joseph was also an ardent sportsman, playing for the local cricket team.
[6]
Gould's ve brothers were all notable rugby players and athletes. His brother Bob was a forward who played 136 times for Newport Rugby Football Club, whom he captained in the
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National team(s)
Years Club / team Caps (points)
188597 Wales 27
[2]
(13)
Gould in Newport club jersey, ca. 1890
Season Tries Drop goals Points
189192 31 7 121
189293 37 4 127
189394 17 8 83
189495 15 1 49
189596 17 5 71
189697 7 9 57
Gould's scoring record at Newport
189197
[1]
188687 season.
[7]
Bob was also capped 11 times for Wales between 1882 and 1887,
[8]
and captained his country once, versus Scotland in 1887.
[7]
A younger brother, Bert, was a
centre who played three times for Wales he appeared with Gould in the Welsh team that won the Triple Crown for the rst time in 1893.
[a][10]
His other brothers Harry,
[11]
Gus
[12]
and Wyatt
[13]
all played rugby for Newport. Wyatt captained Newport in 190506, and Harry played for them in their inaugural season of 187576. For the rst 29 seasons of its
existence, Newport RFC always had at least one of the Gould brothers in the team. Wyatt played for the club until 1907; he also ran the 400m hurdles for Great Britain in the 1908
Summer Olympics.
[14]
The young Gould often climbed trees, and thus acquired the childhood nickname "Monkey", which was soon contracted by most to "Monk".
[15][16]
Like his brother Wyatt, he was a keen athlete and made 1,000 during his years as a
rugby player by entering track and eld meets.
[4][17]
A county champion sprinter and hurdler,
[4]
Gould nished third in the Amateur Athletic Association 120 yard hurdles in 1887 and 1893.
[14]
Rugby career
Club and county history
At the age of 14 Gould captained the Newport Junior team, and later played a few games for the Third XV.
[b]
Gould was drafted into the First XV the senior team as a fullback at the
age of 18.
[6]
On 18 November 1882 Newport had a home xture against Weston-super-Mare at Rodney Parade. The Newport groundsman, John Butcher, had been sent by the club to
collect the regular fullback who had not appeared for the game.
[18]
Gould, who was returning from a youth match, saw Butcher outside the missing fullback's home and approached the
groundsman to discover that the player was at a funeral.
[c]
Butcher offered Gould the position instead, and then the groundsman successfully persuaded the club captain to play him.
[18][19]
Gould ran in two of his team's three tries after disregarding the instructions of his captain, Charlie Newman, who kept shouting for Gould to "Kick, kick!"
[18][19]
After this, he was not
dropped by Newport until his retirement in 1898.
[6]
As rugby was then an exclusively amateur sport, Gould and his brother Bob travelled Britain working as public works contractors.
[17]
During this time he entered open athletic meets and
played for various English rugby teams including the Southampton Trojans, and from 1887 was a regular member of the London side Richmond.
[6]
In 1885 Gould was invited to play for
the newly formed Welsh exiles team London Welsh. London Scottish F.C. had been founded for Scottish players working or studying in the city, but until this time a London club for Welsh
players had not existed. The side's rst game, a trial match, was played on 21 October 1885 at Putney, and three days later the rst team played London Scottish at the Saracens' Palmerston
Road ground in Walthamstow.
[20]
Gould played at half-back, and was joined in the team by Martyn Jordan, Thomas Judson, Rowley Thomas, Charles Taylor and T. Williams all past or
future Welsh internationals.
[20]
During the 188586 season London Welsh were invited to form a combined "exiles" team with London Scottish, to face a London XV in a charity match at
The Oval. Gould was one of six Welsh players selected to play in front of a crowd of 8,000 that included the Prince of Wales.
[21]
In the 188586 season he was moved up to play as a threequarter for Newport. As he was frequently travelling and playing in England between 1885
and 1890, Gould was not a regular member of the team.
[22]
After playing just a handful games during the three seasons preceding it, in the 188990
season he managed 15 games for the club scoring ten tries and ve dropped goals.
[23]
In June 1890 Gould left Britain to complete a works contract in the West Indies, but returned to Newport in time for the 189192 season.
[22]
Newport were unbeaten throughout that campaign,
which was later dubbed their "invincible" season.
[24]
Gould captained Newport between 189394, when the team lost only three games, and in the 189495 season, in which the club lost only to
Llanelli. During his rst period as captain, 189394, Gould scored 37 tries in 24 games, a club record that still stands as of 2013.
[25]
Although records before 1886 are incomplete, Newport RFC
acknowledge Gould's scoring record at the club between the 188283 and 189899 seasons as 159 tries, 66 conversions, 61 dropped goals and a single penalty, over 231 appearances.
[1]
Gould also turned out for the Middlesex county side,
[3][26]
and was a mainstay during their "invincible" season of 188788.
[27]
He also played for them against the New Zealand Native team in
1888.
[28]
The match, hosted by the Earl of Shefeld,
[d]
was an invitation only event. The Middlesex side won 90,
[e]
and scored three tries in the match, the second one resulting from a smart
pass by Gould.
[29]
In addition to Gould, the Middlesex backline of the time regularly elded a number of English and Scottish internationals this earned the side the sarcastic nickname "the Imperial team".
[29][31]
International career
188589
Gould was rst capped for Wales against England in the opening game of the 1885 Home Nations Championship.
[32]
He joined his brother Bob in the side, and played at fullback, his preferred position at the time. Played under the
captaincy of Newport team-mate Charlie Newman, this was Wales' eighth-ever international and fourth encounter with England. The Welsh lost by a goal and a try to a goal and four tries. Wing Martyn Jordan of London Welsh
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Gould in Wales jersey
scored both Welsh tries, with one successfully converted into a goal.
[32][f]
Some accounts award the conversion to Charles Taylor,
[34]
though it is now generally credited to Gould.
[32]
Gould was selected for the second game of the
tournament, an away draw to Scotland, in which both teams played a pair of brothers; George and Richard Maitland for Scotland, and Arthur and Bob Gould for Wales.
[35]
By 1886 the four threequarter system had spread throughout Wales. First instituted by Cardiff RFC in 1884,
[36]
the system was designed to allow Cardiff centres Frank Hancock and Tom
Williams to play at the same time, and involved dropping the ninth forward to include a second centre.
[18]
Newport were reluctant to adopt this style of play, mainly due to Gould's excellent
kicking and covering abilities, which allowed the club to continue with the advantage of the extra forward.
[37]
For the 188586 season Gould switched from fullback at Newport to the centre position; this tactic was adopted by Wales and Gould replaced Cardiff's Hancock at centre for their rst match of
the 1886 Home Nations Championship against England. The match resulted in a Welsh loss. In Wales' next game, against Scotland, Wales became the rst country to trial the four threequarter
system.
[38]
They did this by bringing back Hancock as captain and having him play at centre alongside Gould. The experiment was a tactical disaster the eight Welsh forwards struggled
against the nine Scottish forwards.
[22]
Hancock duly regrouped the team at half-time and readopted the standard formation, bringing Harry Bowen from fullback into the pack, and pushing
Gould from centre into Bowen's vacant position.
[39]
Wales lost by two goals to nil, the system was deemed a failure and Hancock never represented Wales again.
[40][41]
The whole affair had a
negative effect on Gould, who initially disliked the strategy, stating that he was "prejudiced against the four three-quarters."
[16][g]
Gould even went as far as persuading the Welsh selectors to
revert to the old formation.
[42]
The next time Wales trialled the system was in the 1888 encounter with the touring New Zealand Natives, a match in which Gould was unavailable to play.
[42]
In the next season, Wales completed their rst full Home Nations Championship; Gould played as the lone centre in all three games. It was a fairly successful Championship for the Welsh, with
a draw, a win and a loss, leaving them second in the table.
[43]
Of note during the series was Bob Gould's captaincy in the second match, against Scotland, and Gould's rst ever international
dropped goal which gave Wales a win over Ireland and made up for him missing a dropped goal by just a yard in their draw against England.
[44]
Due to work commitments, Gould only played
one of the two Wales games of the 1888 Home Nations Championship,
[h]
in the country's rst victory over Scotland, thanks to a single try from Thomas Pryce-Jenkins.
[46]
In the second game,
played away to Ireland, George Bowen was given the centre position in the last match Wales would play with a three threequarter system.
[39]
Gould then missed the rst Welsh international
against an overseas touring side, when the New Zealand Natives were beaten at St. Helen's in Swansea, and was still absent two months later for the opening game of the 1889
Championship.
[39]
Gould returned in time for the clash with Ireland where he was given the captaincy and played alongside Llanelli centre Tom Morgan.
[47]
Gould lost his rst match as captain,
losing by two tries to nil at home this was the rst of 18 caps he earned leading his country.
[1]
189093
Gould appeared in Wales' three matches of the 1890 Home Nations Championship where he partnered Dickie Garrett, a coal tipper who played for Penarth, at centre.
[48]
Gould lost the team captaincy for the rst match to Frank
Hill,
[49]
a game which Wales lost to Scotland 51, though Gould did score his rst international try. The game is also notable for featuring the rst appearance of Billy Bancroft, the Swansea all-round sportsman who would take over
the captaincy from Gould on his retirement.
[50]
Bancroft was fullback in Gould's next 18 international games. Gould regained the captaincy for the next game, an encounter with England at Crown Flatt in Dewsbury, and from that
point held the captaincy whenever he represented Wales.
[51]
The encounter was an historic day for Wales, with the country's rst win over England, a single try from Buller Stadden giving Wales the victory. The campaign ended in a
disappointing away draw with Ireland, which saw the introduction of Tom Graham, a Newport forward who would become Gould's club captain during the 189192 "invincible" season.
[52]
Gould missed the entire 1891 campaign as he and his brother Bob had travelled to the West Indies to conduct civil engineering work.
[53]
Gould regained his international place and the captaincy on his return for the 1892 Home
Nations Championship. The tournament was a failure for Wales; the team lost all three of their matches. There was little consistency for Gould at centre, with three different centre-pairings in each of the matches; Garrett against
England, Conway Rees at home to Scotland and in the Irish encounter, Gould's younger brother Bert.
[54]
The 1892 Championship was soured by the aftermath of the WalesScotland encounter, which was played in Swansea at St.
Helen's. After Wales lost the game 72, members of the crowd, angered by Jack Hodgson's refereeing of the game, attacked him. The assailants by-passed the police and the referee had to be rescued by members of the Welsh team. In
the struggle, Gould was struck on the chin,
[55]
and it was reported that Hodgson only reached the Mackworth Hotel because Gould accompanied him on the coach.
[56]
The Welsh performance during the 1893 Home Nations Championship was in stark contrast to the previous year. Under the captaincy of Gould, Wales not only won the Championship for the rst time, but also the Triple Crown.
[57]
The rst match of the campaign was against England, and played at the Cardiff Arms Park.
[58]
The pitch had been kept from freezing over the night before by 500 braziers dispersed across the playing eld.
[59]
This led to a slippery
ground, with play further hampered by a strong wind.
[60]
The English played the rst half with the wind behind them and their nine-man scrum dominated the smaller Welsh pack. At half time Wales were 70 down following tries from Frederick Lohden and Howard Marshall and a
conversion from England captain Andrew Stoddart. The second half started poorly for Wales when Marshall scored a second try following excellent English forward pressure.
[61]
The game turned not long after: the English forwards
could not maintain the pace they had set in the rst half of the game, and began to slow.
[61]
Then Welsh forward Charles Nicholl broke through a line-out with the ball, transferred it to Hannan, who passed to Gould at the half way
line. Gould evaded both Alderson and Lockwood before outpacing Edwin Field to score beneath the posts.
[61]
Bancroft converted. A near identical move resulted in Conway Rees then releasing Cardiff wing Norman Biggs who
scored with a run from the half-way line, though this time the conversion missed.
[61]
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Wales team of 1895 before the England encounter.
Gould is in the second row, sitting third from right.
The Welsh backs repeatedly exposed the three threequarter system used by the English, as once the Welsh backs broke through the pack there was little defensive-cover to prevent run away scores. With the score at 97 to England,
Marshall extended the lead with his third try of the match. This gave England an 117 lead with only ten minutes remaining. The game swung again when Percy Phillips received ball quickly before passing to Gould.
[61]
Gould broke
through the English defence and scored, though again Bancroft missed the conversion. With further Welsh pressure, a penalty was awarded to Wales on the English 25-yard line, but at a wide angle. Accounts differ as to what
happened; some say that Gould tried to place the ball for Bancroft, but failed on the frozen ground,
[61]
another states that Bancroft deed his captain to take the penalty as a drop kick,
[62]
while other accounts mention Bancroft and
Gould arguing on the pitch before Bancroft's attempt.
[63]
Regardless, Bancroft kicked the penalty, the rst penalty to be scored in an international match.
[64]
It was the nal score of the game and Wales were victorious, 1211.
[58]
At the nal whistle the pitch was invaded by Welsh fans and Gould was carried shoulder-high back to the Angel Hotel, cheered all the way.
[65]
It was a dening moment for the Welsh style of play. England adopted the four
threequarter system the following year.
[66]
Gould continued to captain the Wales team through victory over Scotland, with tries coming from Bert Gould, Biggs and William McCutcheon; all the result of precision handling from the backs.
[65]
This left the nal encounter with
Ireland, played at Stradey Park in Llanelli, as the deciding match for a Welsh Triple Crown. Despite an unconvincing Welsh display, an enthusiastic crowd of 20,000 watched their country win the game and with it the title, decided by
a single try from Bert Gould.
[67]
189497
The 1894 Championship began with a loss for the defending champions against England, during a game in which Welsh in-ghting affected the result.
[68]
Before the game, Gould
instructed his forwards to heel the ball from the scrums swiftly, so it would get to the backs quickly and allow them to run at the English. Frank Hill decided that this was the wrong
option and put all his might into wheeling the scrums instead, which worked against the efforts of Jim Hannan, who was trying to follow his captain's wishes.
[68]
In the next match
Gould was partnered by Dai Fitzgerald in a win over Scotland, but was unavailable for the encounter with Ireland and was replaced by Jack Elliott from Cardiff RFC.
[69]
By 1895 the only backs remaining from the 1893 Championship-winning team were Bancroft and Gould. Gould was now partnered with Owen Badger, who kept his place for the
whole campaign. As the other teams adopted the Welsh style of play, Wales lost their advantage; the livelier English forwards outplayed their Welsh counterparts to give England
victory in the opening game of the 1895 Championship.
[68]
This was followed by a close loss to Scotland at Raeburn Place and then a narrow win over Ireland at the Cardiff Arms
Park.
[70][71]
1896 was Gould's last full international tournament. The Championship started badly for Wales with a heavy defeat by England, during which Wales were reduced to 14 men after
Badger broke his collar-bone in the rst 15 minutes.
[72][i]
In the second game Wales beat Scotland 60, with a try each for Gould and Cliff Bowen. The nal game of the
Championship was an away loss to Ireland, in which Gould scored his last international points with a dropped goal. At the end of 1896 Gould decided to retire from rugby.
[22]
In 1897, Gould was enticed out of retirement for one last Championship.
[74]
By now Gould was a household name throughout Britain, as much due to his personality and good
looks as his brilliant centre play;
[75]
a testimonial fund had been started with contributions being made by the public. This caused a stir among the other Home Unions, who viewed this as an effort to pay Gould for playing, which
would constitute professionalism. As the arguments continued, Gould played his nal international game, a solid 110 win over England in early January.
[76]
Wales played no further matches that season after the events behind
Gould's testimonial fund caused Wales to leave the International Rugby Football Board (IRFB), in a situation now referred to as the "Gould affair".
[77]
Matches played
Gould's international appearances for Wales
[78]
Country 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897
England X X X X X X X X X X
Ireland X X X X X X X
Scotland X X X X X X X X X X
Gould affair
By 1896 Gould had played more rst class matches, scored more tries and dropped more goals than any other player on record. This led to South Wales Argus journalist W. J. Townsend Collins, to write in the paper: "... as Arthur
Gould is as pre-eminent in football as W. G. Grace is in cricket, the footballing enthusiasts of Wales might recognise his services to the game ... by some national testimonial."
[77]
A Welsh shipbroker, W. J. Orders, organised a collection fund on the oor of the Cardiff Coal Exchange and oated a public testimonial of one shilling.
[77]
The national response was considerable and within weeks the total was into
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Western Mail cartoon by Joseph Morewood
Staniforth depicting events of the "Gould affair".
The cartoon depicts three caricatures representing
the England, Scotland and Ireland Unions, looking
aghast as a gure representing the Welsh Union
throws a deant Gauntlet to the ground.
Gould's popularity remained after his
retirement and he appeared on a
variety of merchandise, such as this
card promoting Belgian chocolates.
hundreds of pounds. This drew the Welsh Football Union (WFU) into a confrontation with the IRFB, as rule 2 on professionalism stated that no player was allowed to receive
money from his club, or any member of his club, for services rendered to football.
[77]
The fund could have been seen as a professional fee to Gould, henceforth making him
ineligible to play for his country. The WFU argued that the money raised was not given by the club, but rather an outpouring of thanks from the Welsh public to a national hero.
[79]
By April 1896 the Welsh Football Union had sanctioned a subscription of 1,000 shillings to be contributed to the Gould testimonial. The Rugby Football Union (RFU) complained
and the IRFB reacted by informing the WFU that only a plate up to the value of a hundred pounds sterling could be given to Gould, and that the remaining funds should be donated
to charity;
[80]
otherwise Wales would lose their international xtures. The WFU stood down and withdrew their subscription. The reaction in Wales was one of anger, with the
people feeling that the WFU had bowed to English pressure, and had been bullied into a decision against the people's wishes.
[79]
In a move that was described as an act of hurt pride by social historian David Smith, but also as a manoeuvre to appease the Welsh supporters, in February 1897 the WFU wrote to
the IRFB and withdrew their membership.
[79]
The WFU claimed that they alone had authority over the matter because the IRFB did not have any rules regarding amateurism.
[81]
The WFU then reinstated their subscription to Gould, and on Easter Monday 1897 a banquet was arranged at Drill Hall in Newport in Gould's honour. Many civic and sporting
worthies were in attendance to witness the WFU president Sir John Llewellyn present Gould with the title deeds of a gift house.
[82]
The 250 guests, including David A. Thomas,
[83]
were joined by a reed and string orchestra, the band of the Fourth Battalion of the South Wales Borderers, and galleries packed by members of the public.
[82]
Wales did not eld an international team until the IRFB, supported by the RFU,
[84]
recommended that the WFU be readmitted into the organisation in February 1898. The WFU
agreed that they would in future abide by all IRFB by-laws, and that Gould not be allowed to play in any future internationals. Gould accepted the ruling but returned to rugby as a
referee
[85]
and Welsh international selector.
[86]
The compromise prevented a long term split in the sport, and by 1901 the IRFB added laws to the game banning professionalism to
clarify their authority on the issue.
[87]
Later life and legacy
After retiring from rugby, Gould became a brewery representative around Newport. He was still a very popular gure and was followed during his work by fans; his image was still worth
money, appearing on merchandise such as cigarette cards and matchboxes.
[6]
Gould died in 1919, at the age of 54. Falling ill at work on 2 January, he was rushed home where died later that day of an internal haemorrhage.
[1][3]
His funeral was reported as the biggest ever
seen in Wales up to that time; it was surpassed three decades later by that of the former British Prime Minister David Lloyd George.
[1]
Gould was buried at St Woolos Cemetery, Newport. In
reporting his death, The Times stated:
To him more than anyone else is due the rise of Welsh football, and so football as we know it now. He did more than any one else to transform a game from one in which brute force
and individual skill were the chief characteristics to one in which scientic combination became the main feature, without the sacrice of individualism.
[88]
In 1923 a memorial fund was raised in Gould's name, the donations of which were given to the Royal Gwent Hospital in Newport. The hospital recognised the gift with the Arthur Gould
Memorial Bed, inscribed: "To the memory of Arthur Gould Greatest of Rugby Football Players". Though the bed was lost when a portion of the hospital was demolished.
[1]
Donations for the memorial, which totalled 1,525, were
received from all over the world, and several matches were staged to raise funds, including a xture between Newport and Cardiff.
[27]
Gould has been described as the rst superstar of his sport by rugby historian Terry Godwin while David Smith in the Ofcial History of the Welsh Rugby Union described him as the rst player to surpass national recognition,
becoming in both meanings of the word "an international".
[89][90]
The Welsh Academy's Encyclopedia of Wales, published over 90 years after his death, records Gould as "Welsh rugby's rst superstar",
[85]
while a 1919 obituary
described him as "the most accomplished player of his generation".
[3]
He set several long-standing records for his country, including captaining Wales 18 times, a number eventually surpassed by Ieuan Evans in 1994. Gould played
25 matches at centre for Wales, a record that stood until beaten by Steve Fenwick in 1980.
[1]
He was also the most capped Welsh player, with 27, at the time of his retirement.
[91]
Gould was inducted into the Welsh Sports Hall of Fame in June 2007;
[92]
members of Gould's family were in attendance including his granddaughter Mary Hales. When Newport RFC set up their own hall of fame in 2012 the rst
person inaugurated was Gould.
[93]
Footnotes
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Wikimedia Commons has
media related to Arthur
Gould (rugby player).
Notes
^ A Triple Crown is when one of the four Home Nations sides defeats the other three during a single championship.
[9]
a.
^ A "XV" is a rugby union team (due to the 15 players in a side), and therefore Third XV is the 2nd reserve side. b.
^ The regular fullback was Fred Dowdall.
[19]
c.
^ The Earl of Shefeld was a well known patron of sport, and cricket in particular.
[29]
d.
^ At the time tries scored one point, conversions two points, and penalties and drop goals three points.
[30]
e.
^ During this period matches were decided on goals. The most means of scoring a goal was to rst score a "try", which resulted in an unimpeded conversion attempt. If the kick was successful, the "try" would be converted into a goal.
[33]
In this match
Jordan scored two tries; one was successfully converted turning the try into a goal, while the second was missed, remaining a try.
f.
^ Several later sources state that Gould retained a dislike to the four three-quarter system; historian John Grifths wrote that when Gould was moved to fullback during the 1887 experiment it resulted in Gould's "abhorrence to the four threequarter
system for the rest of his career".
[39]
This view is challenged in an 1893 interview (originally published in Chums magazine) in which Gould states of the new four three-quarter system, "I had always played three, and I did not like the game, but now I
am convinced of its success."
[16]
g.
^ England did not play the other Home Nations in 1888 or 1889 due to a dispute over voting rights on the nascent International Rugby Union Board.
[45]
h.
^ There was no provision for replacements at the time even for injuries.
[73]
i.
References
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i
Arthur Gould: Prole. 1.
^ Arthur Gould Wales. 2.
^
a

b

c

d
Wanganui Chronicle. 3.
^
a

b

c

d
Williams 2004. 4.
^ Richards 1980, p. 73. 5.
^
a

b

c

d

e
Smith 1980, p. 69. 6.
^
a

b
Bob Gould: Prole. 7.
^ Bob Gould Wales. 8.
^ Richards 2014. 9.
^ Bert Gould: Prole. 10.
^ Harry Gould: Prole. 11.
^ Gus Gould: Prole. 12.
^ Wyatt Gould: Prole. 13.
^
a

b
Wyatt Gould. 14.
^ Parry-Jones 1999, p. 43. 15.
^
a

b

c
Marshall 1893. 16.
^
a

b
Smith 1980, p. 70. 17.
^
a

b

c

d
Thomas 1979, p. 11. 18.
^
a

b

c
The 188283 Season. 19.
^
a

b
Jones 1985, p. 6. 20.
^ Jones 1985, p. 8. 21.
^
a

b

c

d
Thomas 1979, p. 12. 22.
^ Arthur Joseph (Monkey) Gould. 23.
^ The 189192 Season. 24.
^ Dams 2013. 25.
^ Williams, Welsh Biography Online. 26.
^
a

b
The Cynic 1923. 27.
^ The Auckland Star. 28.
^
a

b

c
Ryan 1993, pp. 4749. 29.
^ Ryan 1993, p. 148. 30.
^ Evening Express (1898). 31.
^
a

b

c
Home Nations Swansea, 3 January 1885. 32.
^ Grifths 1987, Author's Note, x. 33.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 10. 34.
^ Brown, Guthrie & Growden 2010. 35.
^ Davies 1975, p. 26. 36.
^ Smith 1980, p. 71. 37.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 13. 38.
^
a

b

c

d
Grifths 1987, chpt. 4, p. 4. 39.
^ Smith 1980, pp. 61-62. 40.
^ Home Nations Cardiff, 9 January 1886. 41.
^
a

b
Smith 1980, p. 62. 42.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 15. 43.
^ Grifths 1982, p. 46. 44.
^ Ryan 1993, pp. 8283. 45.
^ Home Nations Newport, 4 February 1888. 46.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 22. 47.
^ Jenkins 1991, p. 61. 48.
^ Home Nations Cardiff, 1 February 1890. 49.
^ Billy Bancroft. 50.
^ Grifths 1987, chpt. 4, pp. 58. 51.
^ Jenkins 1991, p. 64. 52.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 27. 53.
^ Grifths 1987, chpt. 4, p. 6. 54.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 32. 55.
^ Smith 1980, p. 73. 56.
^ Parry-Jones 1999, p. 28. 57.
^
a

b
Home Nations Cardiff, 7 January 1893. 58.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 34. 59.
^ Smith 1980, p. 86. 60.
^
a

b

c

d

e

f
Smith 1980, p. 87. 61.
^ Grifths 2000, p. 33. 62.
^ Thomas 1979, p. 16. 63.
^ Grifths, "On This Day". 64.
^
a

b
Smith 1980, p. 88. 65.
^ Smith 1980, pp. 8889. 66.
^ Smith 1980, p. 89. 67.
^
a

b

c
Grifths 1987, chpt. 4, p. 7. 68.
^ Godwin 1984, pp. 40-41. 69.
^ Home Nations Edinburgh, 26 January 1895. 70.
^ Home Nations Cardiff, 16 March 1895. 71.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 46. 72.
^ Ryan 1993, pp. 4647. 73.
^ Parry-Jones 1999, p. 39. 74.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 49. 75.
^ Home Nations Newport, 9 January 1897. 76.
^
a

b

c

d
Smith 1980, p. 93. 77.
^ Smith 1980, p. 466. 78.
^
a

b

c
Smith 1980, p. 94. 79.
^ Parry-Jones 1999, p. 40. 80.
^ Phillpots 2000, p. 93. 81.
^
a

b
Smith 1980, p. 95. 82.
^ Richards 1980, p. 84. 83.
^ Parry-Jones 1999, p. 44. 84.
^
a

b
Davies 2008, p. 327. 85.
^ Vaughan 1990, chpt. 8. 86.
^ Phillpots 2000, p. 94. 87.
^ The Times. 88.
^ Smith 1980, p. 68. 89.
^ Godwin 1984, p. 9. 90.
^ Leach 2007. 91.
^ Welsh Sports Hall of Fame. 92.
^ Newport RFC look at Arthur Gould collection
whereabouts.
93.
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Rugby Union Captain
Preceded by
Frank Hill
Frank Hill
Willie Thomas
Frank Hill
Wales rugby union captain
Mar 1889
Feb 1890 Jan 1891
Jan 1892 Feb 1894
Jan 1895 Jan 1897
Succeeded by
Frank Hill
William Bowen
Frank Hill
Billy Bancroft
Preceded by
Tom Graham
Newport RFC Captain
189395
Succeeded by
Arthur Boucher
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Gould_(rugby_union)&oldid=629002886"
Categories: Welsh rugby union players Wales international rugby union players Rugby union centres Wales rugby union captains Welsh rugby union referees Wales Rugby Union ofcials People from Newport, Wales
Newport RFC players London Welsh RFC players Richmond F.C. players Rugby union controversies Victorian era 1864 births 1919 deaths Sports scandals in Wales
This page was last modied on 10 October 2014 at 02:09.
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Arthur Gould (rugby union) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Gould_(rugby_union)
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