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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Rule curve is the target level planed to be achieved in a reservoir, under different conditions
of probabilities of inflows and/or demands, during various time period in a year.
Rule curves are generally derived by operation studies using historic or generated flows. In
other words, a rule level is a predefined on a specified date to be maintained in the reservoir
to fill the reservoir in stages during the on-going monsoon season considering conservation
and flood control aspects.
A reservoir is operated according to prevailing water level, demands for various purposes,
and the elevation of rule levels for different purposes. To increase the flexibility of
operations, different rule curves may be derived for different purposes depending on their
priority.
Rule Level is derived using inflow data and demands for irrigation, water supply, power
generation, floods, and safe carrying capacity of downstream channel.
Initial rule levels are derived on the basis of the historical inflow and planned and present
demands and also using the physical data of reservoir i.e. Area-Capacity curve and
evaporation depth details.
For medium reservoirs, it is derived on monthly basis whereas for large reservoir it can be
derived on 10 daily or weekly basis also if sufficient data are available depending upon the
needs.
1.2 Deriving Rule Curves for the Kabini resrvoir
Rule curves for the Kabini reservoir were not readily available for the purpose of the
research in spite of the search of all the records available in the office of the concerned
authorities and also from the concerned record room. Even Central Water Commission is
also not having any clues about it. As per the enquiries made with the reservoir Operating
Authorities, they randomly operate the reservoir based on the local factors like meeting with
concerned villagers and orders of the controlling authorities.
Introduction

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Kabini Authorities have maintained proper records of the Inflow and outflow from the
reservoir right from 1974 to till date. All those records has been officially collected and
data is entered in the MS-Excel for further analysis. Inflow /outflow Data so far is analysed
to compute :
1. Average Monthly Inflow of all the years from 1982 to 2008
2. Average monthly outflow in LBC and RBC
Average Monthly inflow series of all the years from 1982 to 2008 for Kabini Resrvoir is
analysed using Statistical Approach.. Using power transformation Technique /Box-Cox
Transformation., inflow series of Kabini reservoir is analyzed using NIH-ResyP package for
various reliabilities and so obtained data is presented in the table 1.1
Month/Reliability
Percentage 50% 60% 70% 75% 80% 90%
January 28.36198 21.91082 16.61666 14.25585 12.01921 7.669807
February 4.757272 3.039106 1.880116 1.440869 1.071314 0.491127
March 12.76821 9.34566 6.689243 5.557808 4.521529 2.626549
April 20.05313 15.01015 11.00449 9.265602 7.622594 4.620804
May 29.82244 22.22999 16.22502 13.62748 11.22092 6.780091
June 24.46845 14.88462 8.737542 6.504404 4.682226 1.971054
July 679.4145 522.0506 393.6883 336.6896 282.8668 178.8409
August 869.7585 725.5727 597.4745 536.5104 475.9062 347.1366
September 355.4089 294.6271 240.9775 215.5805 190.433 137.39
October 238.4696 189.986 148.9129 130.1126 111.9542 75.37317
November 120.7842 98.96662 79.93987 71.0213 62.25449 44.0114
December 62.28226 51.11169 41.3543 36.77456 32.32588 22.87454
All the inflows in Mcmtr
Table 1.1 Reliable Inflows of Kabini reservoir
Average Monthly Reservoir Levels with corresponding Gross Capacities and , Demands of
LBC and RBC along with other outflow are worked on the average monthly demands from
1982 to 2008 . These results are tabulated in Table 1.2. It is to be noted that release from the
RBC passes through the Bed Turbines and these are capable of producing the power from
2284.00 to 2255.00 Level. This is taken care while preparing rule curves. Inflow curves for
the various reliability percentages using the data in Table 1.1 are shown in Fig.1.1.
Introduction

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Fig.1.1 Inflow Curves of Kabini Reservoir for various Reliability percentages
Month
Reservoir
Level
Gross
Capacity
Gross
Capcity
Demand and outflow in Mcmtr in whole
months


TMC Mcm LBC RBC Other Outflows

Jan 2282.76 14.16 394.01 0.57 5.81 25.38
Feb 2268.20 12.03 334.82 6.33 28.59 38.34
Mar 2267.24 10.35 288.04 8.62 30.54 43.72
Apr 2256.98 8.46 235.52 6.27 32.03 44.03
May 2255.83 6.44 179.17 7.77 29.01 46.42
Jun 2258.09 8.23 228.88 2.92 19.17 109.22
Jul 2277.17 15.54 432.33 4.86 117.77 602.91
Aug 2280.85 17.78 494.78 24.69 129.83 964.69
Sep 2275.19 18.17 505.64 7.47 116.49 702.30
Oct 2281.90 17.40 484.22 26.62 109.84 745.16
Nov 2276.04 16.67 463.84 25.26 104.72 686.18
Dec 2273.08 14.70 409.10 12.26 65.79 698.48

Table 1.2 : Average Monthly Reservoir Level, corresponding Gross Capacity and demands
and other releases
Demands shown in Table 1.2 are shown in Fig.1.2 depicting the variation in the year.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
50 60 70 80 90
s

Reliability Percentage
January
Febrauary
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
Octbober
November
December
Introduction

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Fig. 1.2 : Demand Chart of LBC, RBC and Other outflow for Kabini Reservoir
Using the data tabulated in Tables 1.1. and 1.2, Rule levels for LBC and RBC are computed
considering the 50% Reliable Inflow (refer table 1.1)and they are tabulated in Table 1.3. So
computed Rule Levels are plotted in Fig. 1.3
Month RBC
Gross
Capacity
Required
Reservoir
Levels LBC
Gross
Capacity
Required
reservoir
Levels
Jan 5.81 111.55 2250 0.57 256.19 2266.1
Feb 28.59 134.33 2252.1 6.33 261.95 2267.1
Mar 30.54 136.28 2252.25 8.62 264.24 2267.5
Apr 32.03 137.77 2252.4 6.27 261.89 2267
May 29.01 134.75 2252.15 7.77 263.39 2267.3
Jun 19.17 124.91 2251.25 2.92 258.54 2266.5
Jul 117.78 223.51 2260.41 4.86 260.48 2266.9
Aug 129.83 235.57 2262.55 24.69 280.31 2270.1
Sep 116.49 222.23 2260.25 7.47 263.09 2267.3
Oct 109.84 215.58 2259.55 26.62 282.24 2270.2
Nov 104.72 210.46 2259.05 25.26 280.88 2270.05
Dec 65.79 171.53 2255.5 12.27 267.88 2268.1

Table 1.3. : Rule levels for LBC and RBC (RBC Bed Level : 2249.00 LBC Bed Level : 2265.00)

0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
D
e
m
a
n
d

i
n

M
c
m
t
r

Months
Demand Chart
(monthly in Mcmtr)

LBC
RBC
Other
Introduction

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Fig. 1.3 : Rule Curves derived on the historic releases for LBC and RBC of the Kabini
Reservoir *
*Rule curve of RBC includes that of the Power generation as Release through RBC passes
through the Turbines. It is reported that power is generated between 2284.00 to 2255.00
after wards the release passes through a bypass channel hence it can be considered as
Incidental power generation.
2245
2250
2255
2260
2265
2270
2275
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Rule Curves for Kabini Reservoir (June-May)
RBC
LBC
CBL LBC @ 2265.00
CBL RBC @ 2249.00