READING COMPREHENSION: GAP FILL

Choose from phrases 110 the one that fts ea!h "ap# N$m%er 0 s an e&amp'e(
0 but its especially important for growing teenagers
1. healthier food choices on the menu
2. home-cooked food
3. grill, stir-fry, bake, boil or microwave
4. you are more likely to put on weight
. drink water instead
!. e"pensive and tasteless
#. and even save money
$. such as vitamins and minerals
%. breakfast cereal served with low fat milk
10. & poor diet can cause
)eena"ers an* n$trton
'ood nutrition is essential for everyone, (0) but it*s especially important for growing teenagers. +nfortunately many
&ustralian teenagers have an unbalanced diet. ,ne in four adolescents buys unhealthy takeaway food every day or
even a few times a day. -f you eat takeaway food regularly, (1) .......................... than if you eat fast food
only occasionally.
/on*t despair0 -t doesn*t take a lot of effort to change your eating habits. & few simple changes will make a huge
difference. 1ou*ll feel better, manage your weight, improve your skin (2) .....................0
+$n, foo* s poor f$e' for -o$r %o*-
&bout nine in ten teenagers eat 2unk food every day. 3his might be fi44y drinks and high-kilo 2oule snacks like potato
chips. 5owever, your body can*t run properly on inferior fuel. 6ompared to (3) ................, 2unk food (which
includes fast food) is almost always7
higher in fat, particularly saturated fat
higher in salt
higher in sugar
lower in fibre
lower in nutrients, (4) ........................
served in larger portions, which means more kilo2oules.
8hile a mid-life heart attack might seem too far away to be real, it may surprise you to know that you could have health
problems already. ().............. weight gain, high blood pressure, constipation, fatigue and concentration
problems 9 even when you*re young.
Ho. to mpro/e -o$r *et .tho$t e/en tr-n"
:mall changes can make a big impact. 3ry these tips7
6ut back on fi44y sugary drinks. 'o for sugar-free versions. ;ven better,
(!) ................. 9 try adding a slice of lemon, lime or orange.
<eep a fruit bowl stocked at home for fast and low-kilo 2oule snacks.
;at breakfast every day so you*re less likely to snack on 2unk food at morning tea. & fortified
(#) ..................... can provide plenty of vitamins, mineral and fibre. ,ther fast and healthy options
include yoghurt or wholemeal toast.
/on*t skip lunch or dinner either.
5elp with the cooking and think up new ways to create healthy meals. =ake those old family recipes lower in fat by
changing the cooking method 9 for e"ample,
($) .............................. instead of deep frying.
>educe the si4e of your meals.
/on*t add salt to your food.
/on*t eat high fat foods every time you visit a fast food outlet with your friends. =any of the popular fast food chains
now have (%) .......................
)hn"s to remem%er
& teenager who eats fast food regularly is more likely to put on weight than a teenager who eats fast food only
occasionally.
=any teenagers wrongly assume that healthy foods are (10) .....................
;ating well doesn*t mean you must be a health food freak 9 a good diet allows for your favourite 2unk foods
occasionally.
READING COMPREHENSION: SHOR) ANS0ERS
Ans.er n note form n the spa!es %e'o.( N$m%er 0 s an e&amp'e(
0 Why are doctors alarmed?
Because of the physical shape of teens.
1. 8hy is being too fat problematic when you are a teenager?
...........................................................................
2. 8hich is better for your health 9 watching 3@ or doing nothing at all?
...........................................................................
3. Aame three aerobic training options.
...........................................................................
4. 5ow often should teenagers do e"ercise?
...........................................................................
. 8hen is it normal to feel some pain after working out?
...........................................................................
!. 8hat should you spend the most money on when you consider running?
...........................................................................
#. 8hat is the benefit of speaking while you run?
...........................................................................
$. 8hat can happen when you spend time on your own?
...........................................................................
%. 5ow will e"ercise influence your body shape?
...........................................................................
10. 8hat are endorphins good for?
...........................................................................
E&er!se an* )eens
)eens Nee* More E&er!se
3he medical community has been sounding the alarm7 &mericaBs kids are in worse physical shape than they were 20
years ago. 3his is particularly appalling since overweight teens often grow into overweight adults, and overweight
adults develop more heart disease, diabetes, gout, and arthritis. 3he New England Journal of Medicine reported that
obese teenagers in the top 2 percent of their weight categories have twice the death rate in their #0s as men and
women who were thin as teens.
>esearchers at =emphis :tate +niversity and the +niversity of 3ennessee e"plored the link several years ago and
were startled to find that kidsB metabolisms were lower while they were watching television than when they were resting
and doing nothing at all0 3he typical teen now spends almost 30 hours a week in front of the tube, while eating high-fat
snacks.
Great E&er!ses for )eens
&erobic e"ercise is perfect for teens who are independent and like variety. :ome possibilities include running, in-line
skating, cycling, swimming, kick-bo"ing, 3ae Co and trampolining. 3he &merican 5eart &ssociation suggests that teens
should raise their heart rates for 20 minutes without stopping, three or more times a week. ;"ercise should never hurt,
although a little muscle soreness can be e"pected, especially in the initial weeks of a workout program.
Ar"$ments for E&er!sn"
3eens are great at coming up with reasons not to e"ercise. 5ere are some pro-e"ercise arguments7
1. >unning and walking are convenient. &ll you have to do is walk out of the door and put one foot in front of the other.
Ao need for pools, courts, or fields.
2. >unning doesnBt cost much. :plurge on good running shoes, but go the el-cheapo route for shorts, t-shirts, and
sweats.
3. -tBs an awesome time to chat with friends. (&nd talking slows your pace, so youBll e"ercise longer.)
4. -tBs a perfect time to be alone and think. 1ouBll be blown away by the creative thoughts D ideas for research papers,
ways to end that fight with your best friend, and what to say to that cute kid in the neighbourhood.
. -t makes you feel great physically. 3he progress is truly dramatic0 ;very time you work out, your muscles develop
strength and power. 1our lungs hold mega amounts of o"ygen. 1ouBll find that youBre staring at yourself in full-length
mirrors because you look &8;:,=;0 Eorget about dieting7 your metabolism will burn e"tra fat for hours
afterwards.
!. -t makes you feel good mentally. Aot everyone has the discipline and ability to set a goal and reach it with slow,
steady and hard work.
#. &erobic e"ercise, especially running, can help make feelings of depression and frustration disappear. &fter 20 or
more minutes of continuous slow running, your body releases powerful hormones, called endorphins, that start
pumping through your bloodstream, producing a strong FrunnerBs highF that does wonders for your self-esteem.
READING COMPREHENSION: )R1E2FALSE2NO) GI3EN
)!, the !orre!t opton ) 4tr$e56 F 4fa'se5 or NG 4not "/en5( N$m%er 0 s an e&amp'e(
S)A)EMEN) ) F NG
0 ou can always earn money with a hobby.
1 & hobby connected with technology is only for people who are able to understand
comple" things.
2 Geople who make electronic products must have at least some academic education.
3 5obbies including electronics often bring new inventions.
4 =aking cars is a favourite pastime in the field of mechanical engineering.
Geople with a keen interest often donBt care about the costs.
! Geople who modify vehicles are most interested in improving the sound system.
# -nterest in car making and remodelling usually starts early in peopleBs lives.
$ Geople who make cars also make radio controlled instruments.
% 3o make a plane you usually recreate a machine you have seen before.
10 >obotics is a hobby that takes a lot of time.
11 =odern robots can only do things they are programmed for.
12 ;ven in hobby robotics, academic knowledge is important.
)e!hno'o"- As a Ho%%-
& hobby is a non profitable human choice of act for passing leisure time. Gractising technological facts are
very popular and common choice as a hobby. 3his kind of hobbyist already has a preference and basic
knowledge in science and they like to learn more and apply it in making technical things. 3echnology
dependent pastimes are not for everybody for their relative comple"ity.
;lectronics is a hobby for many people and they like to make electronics products by following circuit design.
3hey have an interest in electronics and gain enough knowledge in this field. -t is not always mandatory to
have an academic education to make electronics products.
:omeone can start with some basic knowledge and by practising he may gain lots of practical e"periences.
&mateur electronics hobbyist likes to make things for their own pleasure but in this process, they may make
some good products and make some money out of it. :ometimes this kind of practice may lead to a new
invention.
& favourite recreation from the field of mechanical engineering is making vehicles. /ue to the production
cost, plane or water vessels are not very popular, but auto mobile is a very accepted form of this recreation.
:omeone with a keen interest in cars normally wants to make his own car or at least modify it. 3he ultimate
goal is to make it faster but other modifications like new body designs, lighting, engine performance and
sound system are important for the hobbyist as well. &n amateur enthusiast*s interest in cars usually stems
from childhood and at some point he wants to modify his own car with his own hands, but it reHuires
technical knowledge. :ometimes an amateur with enough practical knowledge may get a 2ob at a
professional car manufacturing company, where he can earn a lot of money in the field of his interest.
&lmost the same as making a car, making radio controlled instruments is a popular hobby for many people.
-t not only reHuires mechanical knowledge but also electrical and electronics knowledge. 3he mechanical
part includes the body structure and making it workable. 3he electronics part for controlling it by wireless
instructions and its circuit design. & common e"ample of this kind of hobby is a radio controlled model
aeroplane. =ost of the time, the hobbyist designs the plane by copying the style of one of his favourite
original models.
&nother new hobby, totally based on modern technology, is robotics. 3his pastime needs a lot of e"pertise in
mechanical and electronics science. Cut another thing is very important for robotics, and that is artificial
intelligence. =odern robots donBt 2ust complete the pre-determined task, now they are able to make contact
with a human. 3his kind of recreation needs a lot of education and skill.
Grogramming is a new but fast growing hobby among the young people. Grogramming and other computer
related topics are totally dependent on modern technology. & lot of knowledge is reHuired about the working
process of a computer to write a program, and some academic knowledge as well. :omeone may be a
genius and understand the basic techniHues of programming with ease, but to make it perfect for practical
use, he must have some education in the related field.
Read the following text written by Jacquie Mccarnan and answer the
questions on the right.
Usually when you read an article about anorexia and bulimia
it's pretty depressing. There are stats about how many people
have the disease, how many people don't report it, how many new
cases there are, how many girls (and boys too) worry about their
weight, how much power the media has on body image...whew!
This article is going to be a bit different.
The image above covers most of the prevalent numbers in
the eating disorder realm. ot too many people are completely in
the dar! about "ating #isorders ("#) anymore. $n the last %&
years the amount of information and awareness of "# has
improved to the point where almost everyone, in the western
world, has heard of 'norexia and (ulimia (and their lesser
recogni)ed cousins, (inge "ating and "xcessive "xercise).
*ost often articles on "# focus on these numbers. The
ones in the image. The devastating reach of the disease.
+e feel that there are far too few articles, movies and ,aceboo!
pages that focus on recovery and optimism.
The reality of an "# is that people who have one are
society-s most ardent followers. They see what western
civili)ation views as .perfect. and they strive to fulfil that
re/uirement. 0ometimes they are so successful that they are
actually !illing themselves to meet the demand for perfection.
The film, o umbers 1 $dentity (eyond *easure,
ac!nowledges these people in a way that no other film has. It
examines the reasons why so many young people find themselves
struggling with an eating disorder but it goes far beyond that to
examine the roads to recovery.
's much as we would love this film to help people to learn
to love themselves the way they are, we are targeting those
people that are suffering now. 0ome are doing it alone, with no
support and no treatment. 0ome li!ely believe that they are
successful at meeting society-s expectations.
+e want them to see that they do not have to live up to
some randomly, media1driven model of perfection. +e want to
show them how .perfect. comes in a million pac!ages and that
finding their way starts with that first step, the step towards
self1acceptance.
,ebruary is "ating #isorder 'wareness *onth all over
orth 'merica and the U2. Throughout the month our goal is to
have the film o umbers 1 $dentity (eyond *easure screened in
as many places as possible.
http344")ine'rticles.com45expert67ac/uie8*ccarnan (adapted)
A) Say who or what the underlined
words in the text refer to.
B) Match the equivalents.
1. depressing
2. stats
3. prevalent
4. support
5. consciousness
6. less significanta. lesser
b. disappointing
c. help
d. statistics
e. common
f. awareness
C) x!lain the "eaning of#
1. Not too many people are completely
in the dark about Eating Disorders.
2. [] and their lesser recognized
cousins, inge Eating and E!cessi"e
E!ercise.
$) %uestions about the text.
&. According to the author of the text
there arent resources that show how
to recover and how to be optimistic.
uote from the text a sentence that
illustrates this statement.
'. !hats the first step to recover"#
(. !hich film does the author of this
text suggest us to see#
). !hat is the film about#
) *o!ics for discussion.
1. $ow critical are "ou of "our bod"#
2. $ow far would "ou go to change
how "ou loo%#
3. !hat are the dangers of going on
eating binges and then vomiting#
4. !hat would "ou do if a friend of
"ours had an eating disorder#
7E8
1. you are more likely to put on weight
2. and even save money
3. home-cooked food
4. such as vitamins and minerals
. & poor diet can cause
!. drink water instead
#. breakfast cereal served with low fat milk
$. grill, stir-fry, bake, boil or microwave
%. healthier food choices on the menu
10. e"pensive and tasteless
7E8
0 Cecause when adult you can develop more diseases 9 diabetes, heart disease, gout or arthritis. I you
die earlier.
1 /oing nothing at all.
2 &ny three of7 running, in-line skating, cycling, swimming, kick-bo"ing, 3ae Co and trampolining
3 &t least three times a week.
4 -n the firstIinitial weeks of training.
'ood running shoes
! 1ou slow your pace and can therefore e"ercise longer.
# 1ou become creativeIyou get ideas.
$ 1ou will look betterIawesome.
% 3hey make you feel betterInot depressedIhave a better self-esteem.
7E8
1. 3
2. E
3. E
4. 3
. A'
!. E
#. 3
$. E
%. 3
10. A'
11. E
12. 3