FROM 2005 TO 2012 A STUDY OF OVERFISHING PHENOMENON IN KEPULAUAN RIAU, INDONESIA By: Muhammad Aththaar Nazim #S6013627 Supervisor : Dr. C. Hecker (+ Dr. Ir. J. Ettema) Dr. R. Suharyadi, M.Sc. Chair: Prof. Victor Jetten MSc Proposal INTRODUCTION http://www.ioos.noaa.gov http://www.seathos.org RESEARCH PROBLEM Overfishing endangered fish type and species. Threat cheaper nutrient source. Regional catch fisheries volume has been decreased since 2009 (KKP, 2013). In economic, overfishing led to a futile programs support for the development of the fisheries sector. 100 150 200 250 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Funding Fish Landed M i l l i o n
U S $ 1 0 0 0
M T / y e a r Stakeholders claims this causing by over fishing, but there is no clear explanation and how it happened. Is this really caused by overfishing or merely changes the quality of the marine environmental? RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study is to measure the primary productivity of Kepulauan Riau waters using remote sensing technique and compare with the volume catch of marine fisheries, and sub objectives are: 1. To map the spatial distribution of sea surface temperature 2. To map the spatial distribution of chlorophyll concentration. 3. To calculate and to map primary productivity in Kepulauan Riau waters. RESEARCH QUESTION 1. Are there any major differences in dynamic of sea surface temperature (SST)? 2. Are there any major differences in dynamic of chlorophyll concentration/sea surface chlorophyll (SSC)? 3. What kind of relationship exist between SST and SSC? 4. What are the major differences between SST and SSC? 5. Are fishing ground around Karimun and Bintan regencies have been over exploited? 6. Is the study area have been over exploited/over fishing? STUDY AREA Administrative Province Regency boundaries Natuna Kepulauan Anambas Bintan Karimun Lingga Batam Tanjungpinang N Scale 1: 1,200,000 Covering an area of 251,810.71 Km 2 , 241,215.30 Km 2 (95,79%) oceans RESEARCH METHODS Validate with in situ measurement MODIS Image Level 3 data download Topographic map of Kepulauan Riau AQUA MODIS Sea surface temperature AQUA MODIS Chlorophyll-a Image processing using SeaDAS 7.0 (extracting chlorophyll and SST) Spatial analysis of chlorophyll concentration and SST distribution Optimum sea surface temperature Chlorophyll concentration value Primary Productivity Marine statistics Relationship between primary productivity and fish catch data Q1 Q5 Q 3/4 Q2 Q6 Climate change literature review RESEARCH METHODS No Methods Dataset & Tools Output Availability 1 Image processing and analysis MODIS level 3 image, SeaDAS 7.0 software, ArcGIS appl. SST and SSC image based http://oceancolor.gsf c.nasa.gov/ 2 In situ measurement Portable water parameter kit, GPS and chlorophyll (EPA, 2002) SST and SSC from fieldwork Seven station in study area 3 RMS Error for data validation SST and SSC from image analysis and in situ measurement, Validate of SST, SSC Statistic analysis 4 Vertical Generalized Production Model SST, SSC, euphotic depth, optimal carbon fixation rate, photo- period, Ms-Excel appl. Primary productivity Behrenfeld & Falkowski, 1997 5 Descriptive analysis Primary production, marine statistic, illegal and destructive fishing data, literature review Possible driving factors of over fishing Input toward sustainable fisheries Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Local Fisheries Agency EXPECTED OUTPUT This study will explain the declines of marine landing fish between 2005-2012 and its driving factor. Based on descriptive analysis on relationship between primary productivity, catch volume trend, illegal fishing, destructive fishing practices and climate change impact would provide preliminary input toward a sustainable fisheries application in the region. RESEARCH LIMITATION The volumes of fisheries production is accumulate from open water fisheries (salt water/marine) and inland fisheries (fresh water). Since the geographical condition of study area is 96% ocean, volume of catch/fish landing term in this study refers to marine fisheries.