Irregular verbs

Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning

be: am, is, are* was/were been ser, estar, tener
be born was/were born been born nacer
bear bore born llevar, soportar
become* became become llegar a ser, convertirse en
begin* began begun empezar, comenzar
bet bet bet apostar
bite bit bitten morder
blow blew blown soplar
break broke broken quebrar
break up broke up broken up hacer desaparecer
bring* brought brought traer
bring on brought on brought on causar
build built built construir
buy bought bought comprar
catch caught caught atrapar
choose* chose chosen escoger
come* came come venir
come out came out come out venir a ser
cost cost cost costar
cut cut cut cortar
dig out dug out dug out excavar
do* did done hacer
do for a living did for a living did for a living trabajar
draw drew drawn dibujar/sacar
drink drank drunk beber
drive drove driven conducir, manejar
eat ate eaten comer
fall fell fallen caer
feed fed fed alimentar
feel felt felt sentir
ght fought fought pelear
nd* found found encontrar
y ew own volar
forget forgot forgotten olvidar
freeze froze frozen congelar
get* got got(ten) obtener, ponerse
get house got house got(ten) house llegar a la casa
get together got together got(ten) together reunirse
give* gave given dar
go* went gone ir
go shopping went shopping gone shopping ir de compras
go wrong went wrong gone wrong salir mal
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
grow* grew grown crecer
hang hung hung colgar
have* had had tener, haber
have to* had to had to tener que
hear heard heard escuchar
hide hid hidden esconder
hit hit hit golpear
hold held held sostener, guardar, retener
hurt hurt hurt herir, doler
keep* kept kept mantener
know* knew known saber, conocer
lay laid laid poner
lead led led guiar, llevar, conducir
leave left left salir, dejar
lend lent lent prestar, dar
let* let let permitir
lie down lay down lain down acostarse
lost lost lost perder
make* made made hacer
make sense made sense made sense tener sentido
make sure made sure made sure asegurarse
make up made up made up reponer
mean* meant meant signicar
meet met met reunirse, encontrar, conocer
pay paid paid pagar
put* put put poner
quit quit quit abandonar
read read read leer
ride rode ridden montar, dar un paseo
ring rang rung sonar, tocar
run ran run correr
say* said said decir
see* saw seen ver
seek* sought sought buscar
sell sold sold vender
send* sent sent enviar
set set set colocar/sacudir
shake shook shaken sacudir
shoot shot shot disparar, tirar
shut shut shut cerrar
sing sang sung cantar
sit sat sat sentarse
sleep slept slept dormir
speak spoke spoken hablar
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
spend spent spent gastar/pasar
stand stood stood levantar, ponerse en pie
steal stole stolen robar
strike struck struck alcanzar
sweep swept swept barrer
swim swam swum nadar
take* took taken tomar, llevar
take care of took care of taken care of cuidar
take out took out taken out sacar
teach taught taught ensear
tear tore torn quebrar, rasgar
tell* told told contar, decir
think* thought thought pensar, creer
throw threw thrown tirar, lanzar
throw away threw away thrown away desechar
understand understood understood entender
wear wore worn vestir, llevar puesto
win won won ganar
write wrote written escribir
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Regular verbs
Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
ache ached ached doler
acknowledge acknowledged acknowledged reconocer
aect aected aected afectar
age aged aged envejecer
agree agreed agreed estar de acuerdo
aid aided aided ayudar
answer answered answered contestar
appeal appealed appealed pedir
apply applied applied aplicar
approve approved approved aprobar
arrive arrived arrived llegar
ask asked asked preguntar
ask for asked for asked for pedir
assess assessed assessed evaluar
assist assisted assisted ayudar
assure assured assured asegurar
avoid avoided avoided evitar
award awarded awarded otorgar
believe believed believed creer
blame blamed blamed atribuir
blur blurred blurred borrar
boil boiled boiled hervir
borrow borrowed borrowed pedir prestado
bother bothered bothered molestar
breath breathed breathed respirar
burn burned burned arder, quemar
call called called llamar
carry carried carried llevar
care cared cared cuidar
carry carried carried transportar/llevar
celebrate celebrated celebrated celebrar
change changed changed cambiar
charm charmed charmed encantar
check checked checked examinar
choke choked choked sofocar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climb climb subir
collect collected collected recoger
complain complained complained quejarse
conceive conceived conceived concebir
confuse confused confused confundir
consume consumed consumed consumir
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
contend contended contended armar, sostener
cook cooked cooked cocinar
cope coped coped enfrentar
cough coughed coughed toser
count counted counted contar
damage damaged damaged daar
dance danced danced bailar
date dated dated fechar
decide decided decided decidir
decrease decreased decreased disminuir
deplete depleted depleted agotar, reducir
design designed designed disear
destroy destroyed destroyed destruir
develop developed developed desarrollar
diminish diminish diminish disminuir
disagree disagreed disagreed estar en desacuerdo
dress dressed dressed vestir
dry dried dried seco
dust dusted dusted sacudir
ease eased eased aliviar
encase encased encased envolver
end ended ended nalizar
enhance enhanced enhanced aumentar
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
enter entered entered entrar en
exacerbate exacerbated exacerbated empeorar
exercise exercised exercised ejercitar
expect expected expected esperar
faint fainted fainted desmayarse
ll lled lled llenar
nish nished nished terminar
sh shed shed pescar
x xed xed arreglar, reparar
forecast forecasted forecasted pronosticar
found founded founded fundar
gain gained gained ganar
garden gardened gardened cultivar
gauge gauged gauged estimar
gorge gorged gorged comer en exceso
govern governed governed gobernar
guess guessed guessed adivinar
hand in handed in handed in entregar
handle handled handled manejar
happen happened happened ocurrir
hate hated hated odiar
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
head headed headed dirigir, encabezar
heal healed healed cicatrizar, sanar
heat heated heated calentar
help helped helped ayudar
hike hiked hiked dar una caminata, caminar
hope hoped hoped esperar
hunt hunted hunted cazar
imagine imagined imagined imaginar(se)
improve improved improved mejorar
increase increased increased aumentar
interest interested interested interesar
install installed installed instalar
introduce introduced introduced presentar
invite invited invited invitar
involve involved involved involucrar
isolate isolated isolated aislar
jog jogged jogged trotar
join joined joined unir
last lasted lasted durar
learn learned learned aprender
lift lifted lifted levantar
lighten up lightened up lightened up animarse
like liked liked gustar
link linked linked relacionar
listen to listened to listened to escuchar a
live lived lived vivir
look looked looked mirar
love loved loved amar, encantar
manage managed managed administrar
maintain maintained maintained mantener
mash mashed mashed majar, machacar
miss missed missed extraar
move moved moved mover(se)/estremecer
name named named nombrar
need* needed needed necesitar
oer oered oered ofrecer
open opened opened abrir
order ordered ordered ordenar
paint painted painted pintar
pick picked picked recoger
plan planned planned planear
play played played jugar/tocar
please pleased pleased complacer
point pointed pointed sealar
pollute polluted polluted contaminar, ensuciar
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
practice practiced practiced practicar
prefer preferred preferred preferir
pretend pretended pretended simular, ngir
prevent prevented prevented prevenir
print printed printed imprimir
promote promoted promoted promover
protect protected protected protegido
prove proved proved probar
rain rained rained llover
ration rationed rationed racionar
realize realized realized darse cuenta
refuse refused refused negarse
relax relaxed relaxed relajar
release released released descargar, liberar
remarry remarried remarried volver a casarse
remember remembered remembered recordar
remove removed removed eliminar
rent rented rented rentar
repair repaired repaired reparar
replace replaced replaced reemplazar
report reported reported reportar
research researched researched investigar
retire retired retired jubilarse
return returned returned regresar
save saved saved salvar/ahorrar
score scored scored puntuar
seem* seemed seemed parecer
serve served served servir
shift shifted shifted cambiar
shop shopped shopped comprar
show showed showed mostrar
skate skated skated patinar
slow slowed slowed disminuir
smoke smoked smoked fumar
sound sounded sounded sonar
spell spelled spelled deletrear
spew out spewed out spewed out expulsar, tirar
start* started started comenzar
stay stayed stayed permanecer
step up stepped up stepped up aumentar
stockpile stockpiled stockpiled guardar
stop stopped stopped detenerse
store stored stored almacenar
study studied studied estudiar
suer suered suered sufrir
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Present tense Past tense Past participle Meaning
suggest suggested suggested sugerir
supplement supplemented supplemented suplir
support supported supported mantener
survive survived survived sobrevivir
swoon swooned swooned desmayarse
talk talked talked hablar
test tested tested examinar
trade traded traded comerciar
trap trapped trapped atrapar
travel traveled traveled viajar
treat treated treated tratar
try tried tried tratar
turn turned turned girar
turn out turned out turned out resultar
type typed typed escribir a mquina
urge urged urged instar
use used used usar
vacuum vacuumed vacuumed aspirar
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
wake waked waked despertar
walk walked walked caminar
want* wanted wanted querer
warm warmed warmed calentar
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched ver
work worked worked trabajar
worry worried worried preocuparse
worth worthed worthed valer
yield yielded yielded producir
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