4 15 September 2004

Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY
Points To Recall Day 9
1. For MT (Art.7):
a. Yoke Type: Electromagnet or Permanent Magnet.
Suitable or !urace "eect!.

b. Pro" Type: Electromagnet
Suitable or !urace#!ub$!urace "eect!
c. E%amination Me"ium: &ry po'"er or (et Po'"er
&ry po'"er !uitable or )ig)er temperature!

". For Electromagnet!: E*uipment Ammeter! !)all be c)ecke"
anually 'it) a Ma!ter Ammeter. + ,ea"ing!
to be taken an" !)oul" be 'it)in -$ 1./ o ull !cale.
e. 0iting Po'er o Yoke!
A1 !)all )a2e liting po'er o at lea!t 3.4 5g
&1 !)all )a2e liting po'er o at lea!t 16.1 5g
(eig)t too !)all be c)ecke" prior to ir!t u!e
. Min. t'o e%amination! on eac) area7 t)e !econ" i!
perpen"icular to ir!t
g. Pro" Spacing $ 8ot e%cee" 69 an" not le!! t)an +9
:. SE$7;7 <T Mea!urement:
a. Pul!e$ Ec)o met)o" can be a"opte" up to :.. "eg. F. 8ot
!uitable on 1oar!e$=rain 1a!ting!.
b. Apparatu!: $ + type! > 1,T rea" out
$ 1,T - "irect rea" out
$ &irect t)ickne!! rea" out
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c. Searc) <nit!: + type!
$ Straig)t beam contact type
$ &elay line type. (&elay block to minimi?e "ea" ?one).
Suitable or 0o' t)ickne!!
$ &ual element type. (T'o cry!tal! in one unit).
0o' roo angle u!e" or )ig)er t)ickne!! range an"
2ice$2er!a. 0o' t)ickne!!e! mea!urement! re*uire
@ee$error correction.
". Aig) t)ickne!! mea!urement:
<!e o multiple ec)o i! ma"e by u!ing t)inner calibration
block. T)e !econ" la!t back$ec)o coinci"e! to ?eroB t)e la!t
ec)o to t)e en" o !creen7 t)e !creen i! t)u! calibrate" to
t)ickne!! o t)e calibration block.
e. ()ile taking mea!urement or )ig) temperature
con"ition a po!iti2e error o 1/ per 44C1 (1..CF)
'ill re!ult!. Aence temperature correction i! nece!!ary.
. 1,T rea" out i! recommen"e" ')en relecting !urace i!
corro"e" or roug).
+. Acceptance criteria are to be applie" to in"ication! an" not
actual !i?e o "i!continuity.
3. T)e c)lori"e !alt! in 1ru"e7 in t)e pre!ence o 'ater (or "uring
!team !tripping) pro"uce! A1l aci" ')ic) can attack t)e !teel
an" in pre!ence o A
:
S7 t)e A1l i! regenerate" continuing t)e
corro!ion o !teel e*uipment!
Fe - :A1l $$D Fe1l
:
- :A
Fe10
:
- :A1l $$D FeS - :A1l
4. Atomic Ay"rogen can cau!e Ay"rogen En"uce" 1racking (AE1) an"
Ay"rogen Fli!tering (AF) at )ig) temp (D6..CF). En a""ition to
AE1 an" AF7 t)e !teel become! !pongy a! met)ane ga! ormation
take! place by combining Ay"rogen 'it) ree 1arbon ')ic) i!
coming rom "ecompo!ition o 1ementite.
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G. A
:
S 'ill cau!e AE1 an" AF "ue to ormation o Atomic Ay"rogen
"uring !ulp)i"e corro!ion o !teel (Fe - A
:
S $$D FeS - :A). an"
A
:
S al!o regenerate! A1l a! in (6) abo2e.
7. Ero!ion i! cau!e" "ue to )ig) 2elocity lo' o !oli" !u!pen!ion! in
li*ui"! an" ga!e! or li*ui" !u!pen!ion! in ga!e!. ,.H.E. 2arie! a!
1ube o 2elocity.
6. Entergranular corro!ion o aut)entic S.S. i! cau!e" "ue to
1)romium carbi"e precipitation at grain boun"rie!7 making t)e
area! clo!e to grain boun"rie! "epleting c)romium belo'
!tainle!! limit o 11.4/.
;. @e!!el in!pection! are or T)e !aety7 continuity7 reliability.
1.. =rap)iti?ation in 1arbon Steel! take! place "ue to prolonge"
e%po!ure in 6:4 to 13.. "eg. F range re!ulting in "ecompo!ition
o Steel into Ferrite 1ry!tal! an" =rap)ite 8o"ule!. En$!itu
Metallograp)y i! u!e" to "etect t)e =rap)iti?ation
11. E%ternal in!pection o Pr. @e!!el! an" E%c)anger! !)oul" !tart
'it) la""er!7 platorm!7 !tair'ay! connecte" to or bearing on
2e!!el.
1:. E%ternal !urace! o 2e!!el! !)all be e%amine" or not only or
corro!ion but al!o or leak!7 crack!7 buckle!7 etc.
1+. E any !ettling i! !een on 2e!!el7 no??le! an" a"Iacent !)ell area
!)all be in!pecte" or "i!tortion an" cracking.
13. Aammer te!t !)all be ollo'e" by !uitable 8&T.
14. =roun"ing connection re!i!tance !)all not e%cee" :4 o)m! but 4
o)m! i! normally preerre".
1G. En pre!ence o aci"ic co ro"ent! (PA J 7) )y"rogen bli!tering i!
e%pecte" abo2e an" belo' (clo!e to) li*ui" le2el.
17. Au%iliary e*uipment! (Pr. gauge!7 !ig)t gla!!7 !aety 2al2e! etc.
may be 2i!ually in!pecte" ')ile in !er2ice. <n"ue 2ibration!
!)all be arre!te" by pro2i"ing a""itional !upport! or *ualiie"
engineer !)oul" "etermine i t)e!e coul" lea" to atigue ailure.
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16. Fir!t !tep or internal in!pection i! re2ie' o pre2iou! recor"!.
1;. For )ea2y 'all 2e!!el! at )ig) pre!!ure7 maIor concern i! crack
"amage particularly at t)e 'el"! ( (el" K AAL).
:.. En pre!ence o aci"ic co ro"ent! (PAJ7) )y"rogen bli!tering i!
e%pecte" abo2e an" belo' (clo!e to) li*ui" le2el.
:1. 0amination! run !lant ')ile crack! run normal to !urace.
::. Spark te!ting i! eecti2e met)o" or break!#leak! in paint7 gla!!7
pla!tic an" rubber lining.
:+. <T i! t)e primary mean! o obtaining t)ickne!! mea!urement!.
Ht)er met)o"! like proile ra"iograp)y7 Step$'e"ge compari!on
ra"iograp)!7 1orro!ion button!7 te!t )ole! an" "ept) "rilling are
!ome ot)er met)o"!
:3. pAM7 repre!ent! neutral lui". pAD7 in"icate! ba!ic ')ile
pAJ7 in"icate! aci"ic lui".
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