US005411678A

D
United States Patent [ 19 ] [ 11] Patent N u m b er : 5, 411, 678
Sim [ 45] Date o f Patent: May 2 , 19 9 5
[ 54] PAIN T STRIPPER Pr im ar y Ex am iner - Pau l L ieb er m an
_ . . Assistant Ex am iner - Do u gl as J . McGinty
[ 75] Inv ento r _ J o hnny 0' su n Al ham b r a C al if Atto r ney, Agent, o r Fir m Renner , O tto , B o issel l e &
[ 73 ] Assignee: McGean- Ro hco , Inc. , C l ev el and, Sk l ar
O h ) [ 57] AB STRAC T
[ 2 1] Ap p l N o : l 9 2 644 A p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n is descr ib ed w hich co m
[ 2 2 ] Fil ed: Feb . 7, 19 9 4 p r ises
51 I . 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n . _ (A) at l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the
[ 1 m C l " " " " gl 111g 13 784; ; gr o u p co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b
[ 52 ] Us C l 2 52 / 548_ 2 52 / 158_ stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl - '
' ' / DIG 83 2 52 541: su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co
2 52 / 542 _ 2 52 2 544, 2 52 / l ' 72 f 52 / 173 : ho l s co ntaining f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
2 52 / DIG_ 1, ; (B ) p yr r o l e as a co - so l v entp and
[ 58] Fiel d o f Sear ch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 52 / 143 , 158, 548, 162 , (C ) a! l east m e her Ygam am ine m Pm 1d as 3
2 52 / 170, 171, DIG. s, 541, 542 , 544, 172 , 173 , aw v aw r
DIG. 14; 13 4/ 3 8 A m etho d o f str ip p ing p aint f r o m a su r f ace al so is de
[ 56] Ref er ences C ited scr ib ed, and the m etho d co m p r ises
(A) co ntacting the p aint w ith a p aint- str ip p er co m p o
U- S- PATEN T DO C UMEN TS sitio n w hich is f r ee o f o r ganic p ho sp hites and p ho s
2 , 704, 2 7s 3 / 19 55 Gam r ath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . 2 52 / 171 X p hines and co m p r ises
4, 572 , 79 2 2 / 19 86 Mu l l er . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 52 / 162 X (A- l ) at l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the
4, 73 2 , 69 5 3 / 19 88 Fr ancisco . . . . . . . . . 2 52 / 162 gr o u p co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l al k yl - su b
4, 749 , 510 6/ 19 88 N el sP" - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 52 / 143 X stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl
gr nw a ~ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' " 6) ; su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co
5, 12 4, 062 6/ 19 9 2 I: 2 52 / 162 ho l s co ntaining f m m 3 t ab O u t 5 car b m ato m s;
5, 154: 848 10/ 19 9 2 N ar ayanan et al . 2 52 / 162 and
(A- 2 ) at l east 0. 7% b y w eight o f at l east o ne o r
FO REIGN PATEN T DO C UMEN TS ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an activ ato r f o r a p er
03 3 6400 10/ 19 89 Eu r o p ean p an o f } : _ io d o f tim e su f ? cient to r edu ce the adhesio n o f
049 713 0 8/ 19 9 2 Eu r o p ean- Pat. O f f . . the p aint to the su r f ace; and
(B ) r em o v ing said p aint and p aint- str ip p er co m p o si
O THER PUB L IC ATIO N S tio n f r o m said su r f ace.
Rem o v er , Paint, N o n- Haz ar do u s Air Po l l u tant ,
Dep t. o f Def ense, Dec. 19 9 3 , MIL - R- 2 9 603 . 7 C l aim s, N o Dr aw ings
5, 411, 678
1
PAIN T STRIPPER
TEC HN IC AL FIEL D
This inv entio n r el ates to p aint str ip p er s and to m eth
o ds o f str ip p ing p aint f r o m su r f aces. Mo r e p ar ticu l ar l y,
the inv entio n r el ates to p aint str ip p er s co ntaining at
l east o ne so l v ent and at l east o ne o r ganic am ine co m
p o u nd.
B AC KGRO UN D O F THE IN VEN TIO N
The ter m s p aint str ip p er and p aint r em o v er as
u sed in this ap p l icatio n r ef er to chem ical co m p o sitio ns
w hich can str ip o r f acil itate str ip p ing o f co atings su ch as
p aint w hich ar e u sed to p r o tect and b eau tif y su b str ates.
With the intr o du ctio n o f new and m o r e du r ab l e typ es o f
synthetic r esins and p o l ym er s in p r o tectiv e and deco r a
tiv e co atings, the p r o b l em o f str ip p ing the co ating has
b eco m e incr easingl y dif ? cu l t. Pr io r ar t p aint r em o v er s
and str ip p er s typ ical l y co ntain b l ends o f ar o m atic so l
v ents, k eto nes, p ar af f in, m ethano l and dil u ents, f o r ex
am p l e, m iner al sp ir its. Tr aditio nal p aint str ip p er s hav e
co ntained haz ar do u s m ater ial s su ch as p heno l , to l u ene
and m ethyl ethyl k eto ne, and the m o st ef f ectiv e p aint
str ip p er s w er e b ased o n m ethyl ene chl o r ide as the p r i
m ar y so l v ent. Methyl ene , chl o r ide is a v er y ef f ectiv e
so l v ent, and p aint str ip p er s co ntaining m ethyl ene chl o
r ide ar e ef f ectiv e f o r q u ick l y so f tening m o st typ es o f
p aints. Methyl ene chl o r ide, ho w ev er , is a highl y v o l a
til e l iq u id ther eb y sho r tening the w o r k l if e. In additio n,
m ethyl ene chl o r ide has b een disco v er ed to cau se tu
m o r s and cancer in anim al s in l ab o r ato r y tests and,
acco r dingl y, attem p ts ar e b eing m ade in the indu str y
and b y go v er nm ental r egu l ato r y agencies to el im inate
o r gr eatl y r edu ce its u se.
A nu m b er o f p aint r em o v er s and p aint str ip p er s hav e
b een intr o du ced in r ecent year s w hich av o id the u se o f
m ethyl ene chl o r ide and ? am m ab l e, v o l atil e and to x ic
. chem ical s su ch as b enz ene, to l u ene, p heno l , aceto ne,
etc. N - m ethyl ~ 2 - p yr r o l ido ne (N MP) has b een em p l o yed
in p l ace o f m ethyl ene chl o r ide as a so l v ent ingr edient in
p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns as su ggested in sev er al p a
tents. U. S. Pat. N o . 4, 759 , 510, f o r ex am p l e, descr ib es a
p aint str ip p er hav ing a l o w v o l atil ity w hich incl u des
ab o u t 2 0% to 9 0% b y w eight o f N MP and 3 0% to 70%
b y w eight o f an ar o m atic hydr o car b o n so l v ent. U. S.
Pat. N o . 4, 83 6, 9 50 descr ib es l iq u id f o r m u l atio ns f o r
r em o v ing scr een p r inting ink s w hich co m p r ises a m ix
tu r e o f N MP and gam m ab u tyr o l acto ne.
U. S. Pat. N o . 5, 12 4, 062 descr ib es p aint- str ip p er co m
p o sitio ns hav ing high ? ash p o ints and l o w - b o il ing v o l a
til e o r ganic chem ical s w hich co m p r ise a m ix tu r e o f a
ter p ene co m p o u nd co ntaining at l east 10 car b o n ato m s,
N MP and a ter p ene em u l sif ying su r f actant.
Recentl y, no n- haz ar do u s p r o du cts f o r r em o v ing
p aint hav e b een intr o du ced w hich inco r p o r ate the u se
o f b enz yl al co ho l as a p r incip al so l v ent. The p er f o r
m ance o f b enz yl al co ho l - b ased str ip p er s is im p r o v ed
w hen activ ated w ith an acid, b u t su ch str ip p ing agents
m ay del eter io u sl y af f ect high str ength steel w hich is
u sed, f o r ex am p l e, in air cr af t l anding gear p ar ts. B enz yl
al co ho l - b ased str ip p er s al so hav e b een av ail ab l e w hich
co ntain an al k al ine co m p o nent r ather than an acid f o r
activ atio n.
EP Patent Ap p l icatio n 49 7, 13 0 A2 descr ib es p aint
str ip p er f o r m u l atio ns co ntaining a so l v ent system co m
p r ising an ester o f a b enz yl o r m ethyl b enz yl al co ho l . In
p ar ticu l ar , the f o r m u l atio ns co m p r ise b enz yl al co ho l /
10
5
3 5
40
45
60
65
2
b enz yl f o r m ate/ f o r m ic acid, and su ch f o r m u l atio ns ar e
r ep o r ted to str ip p o l yu r ethane and ep o x y p aint system s
m o r e than 2 . 5 tim es as f ast as eq u iv al ent b enz yl aceta~
te/ b enz yl al co ho l / acetic acid f o r m u l atio ns.
Paint str ip p er s and p aint r em o v er s ar e u til iz ed in the
aer o sp ace indu str y f o r r em o v ing p aints f r o m co m m er
cial and m il itar y j et air cr af t. Per io dic p aint r em o v al is
r eq u ir ed f o r aesthetic r easo ns, f o r a change o f co l o r s, o r
m o r e im p o r tantl y, f o r insp ectio n o f the air f r am e as
r eq u ir ed f o r saf e o p er atio n o f an air cr af t.
SUMMARY O F THE IN VEN TIO N
A p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n is descr ib ed w hich co m
p r ises
(A) at l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the
gr o u p co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b
stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl
su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co
ho l s co ntaining f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
(B ) p yr r o l e as a co - so l v ent; and
(C ) at l east o ne o ther o r ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an
activ ato r .
A m etho d o f str ip p ing p aint f r o m a su r f ace al so is de
scr ib ed, and the m etho d co m p r ises
(A) co ntacting the p aint w ith a p aint- str ip p er co m p o
sitio n w hich is f r ee o f o r ganic p ho sp hites and p ho s
p hines and co m p r ises
(A~ l ) at l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the
gr o u p co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l al k yl - su b
stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl
su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co
ho l s co ntaining f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
and
(A- 2 ) at l east 0. 7% b y w eight o f at l east o ne o r
ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an activ ato r
f o r a p er io d o f tim e su f f icient to r edu ce the adhesio n o f
the p aint to the su r f ace; and '
(B ) r em o v ing said p aint and p aint- str ip p er co m p o si
tio n f r o m said su r f ace.
DESC RIPTIO N O F THE PREFERRED
EMB O DIMEN TS
O ne essential co m p o nent o f the p aint- str ip p er co m p o
sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n is (A) at l east o ne o r
ganic so l v ent w hich is sel ected f r o m the gr o u p co nsist
ing o f b enz yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s,
f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and
acetyl enic al co ho l s w hich co ntain f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5
car b o n ato m s. The am o u nt o f the o r ganic so l v ent (A)
inco r p o r ated into the p aintstr ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the
p r esent inv entio n is at l east ab o u t 10% b y w eight. Gen
er al l y, the co m p o sitio ns w il l co ntain f r o m ab o u t 10% to
ab o u t 9 5 % b y w eight o f the o r ganic so l v ent (A) , and
m o r e o f ten, f r o m ab o u t 10% to ab o u t 80% b y w eight,
and in so m e cir cu m stances f r o m ab o u t 10% to ab o u t
40% b y w eight.
Any o f the al k yl - su b stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s m ay b e
u til iz ed, and the al k yl gr o u p s gener al l y co ntain f r o m 1
to ab o u t 4 car b o n ato m s. Sp eci? c ex am p l es o f the al k yl
su b stitu ted b enz yl al co ho l s incl u de: al p ha- m ethyl b enz yl
al co ho l , al p ha- ethyl b enz yl al co ho l , o r tho - m ethyl b enz yl
al co ho l , m eta- m ethyl b enz yl al co ho l , p ar a- m ethyl b enz yl
al co ho l , o r tho - ethyl b enz yl al co ho l , p ar a- ethyl b enz yl
al co ho l , p ar a- p r o p yl b enz yl al co ho l , p ar a- n- b u tyl b enz yl
al co ho l and p ar a- t- b u tyl b enz yl al co ho l .
The al k yl gr o u p in the al k yl - su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co
ho l s m ay co ntain f r o m 1 to 4 car b o n ato m s. Ex am p l es o f
5, 411, 678
3
su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s incl u de al p ha- m ethyl f u r f u
r yl al co ho l , al p ha- ethyl f u r f u r yl al co ho l , S- m ethyl f u r f u
r yl al co ho l , etc.
The acetyl enic al co ho l s w hich m ay b e u til iz ed as the
o r ganic so l v ent in these p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f
the p r esent inv entio n co ntain f r o m ab o u t 3 to ab o u t 5
car b o n ato m s, and the acetyl enic al co ho l s m ay b e p r i
m ar y o r seco ndar y al co ho l s. Pr im ar y al co ho l s ar e p r e
f er r ed. Ex am p l es o f acetyl enic al co ho l s w hich m ay b e
u sed in the p r esent inv entio n incl u de p r o p ar gyl al co ho l ,
2 - b u tyn- l - o l , S- b u tyn- l - o l , 3 - b u tyn- 2 - o l , l - p entyn- 3 - o l ,
Z - p entyn- l - o l , 3 - p entyn- l - o l , 4- p entyn- l - o l ,
In o ne p r ef er r ed em b o dim ent, the o r ganic so l v ents
(A) u til iz ed in the p r esent inv entio n ar e tho se co ntain
ing a p r im ar y hydr o x yl gr o u p , that is, a C H2 O H
gr o u p . That is, in a p r ef er r ed em b o dim ent o f the inv en
tio n the o r ganic so l v ents ar e sel ected f r o m a gr o u p
co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l , r ing- su b stitu ted al k yl b en
z yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , f u r f u r yl al co ho l s w hich
co ntain an al k yl su b stitu ent o n the r ing, and tho se acety
l enic al co ho l s w her ein the hydr o x yl gr o u p is o n a ter m i
nal m ethyl ene gr o u p su ch as p r o p ar gyl al co ho l , 2
b u tyn- l - o l , 3 - b u tyn- l - o l , Z - p entyn- l - o l , 3 - p entyn- l - o l
and 4- p entyn- 1- o l .
The p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv en
tio n al so co ntain at l east o ne o r ganic m ine co m p o u nd as
an activ ato r , and the at l east o ne am ine gener al l y is
p r esent in am o u nts o f f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% o r ab o u t 0. 7 %
u p to ab o u t 2 5 % b y w eight, m o r e o f ten f r o m ab o u t 1%
to ab o u t 2 5 % b y w eight. When p yr r o l e is p r esent in the
p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n either al o ne o r w ith o ne o r
m o r e o ther am ines, the to tal am o u nt o f am ine co m
p o u nd m ay b e a high as 40% b y w eight.
A w ide v ar iety o f o r ganic am ine co m p o u nds can b e
incl u ded as activ ato r s in the p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns
o f the inv entio n. In o ne em b o dim ent, the am ines w hich
m ay b e u sed in the p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the
p r esent inv entio n incl u de o ne o r m o r e am ines f r o m the
gr o u p o f p yr r o l e, al ip hatic am ines, cycl o al ip hatic
am ines and heter o cycl ic am ines. In ano ther em b o di
m ent, the am ines ar e p r im ar y al ip hatic am ines o r al i
p hatic o x im es co ntaining at l east 2 car b o n ato m s. In yet
ano ther em b o dim ent, the al ip hatic am ines co m p r ise
o x yal k yl am ines, hydr o x yl am ines and/ o r diam ines.
Ex am p l es o f al ip hatic and cycl o al ip hatic p r im ar y
am ines u sef u l in the p r esent inv entio n incl u de ethyl
am ine, p r o p yl am ine, iso p r o p yl am ine, b u tyl am ine,
am yl am ine, f u r f u r yl am ine and cycl o hex yl am ine. The
am ines m ay b e seco ndar y am ines su ch as dim ethyl am
ine, diethyl am ine, m ethyl p r o p yl am ine, etc. , o r ter tiar y
am ines su ch as tr iethyl am ine.
Hydr o x yl am ines ar e al so u sef u l in the p r esent inv en
tio n and sp eci? c ex am p l es o f su ch am ines incl u de: etha
no l am ine; 3 - am ino - l - p r o p ano l ; Z - am ino - Z - m ethyl - l
p r o p ano l ; 2 - am ino - 2 - ethyl - 1, 3 - p r o p anedio l ; tr is(hydr o x
ym ethyl ) - am ino m ethane; N - m ethyl ethano l am ine; 2
diethyl am ino - Z - m ethyl - l - p r o p ano l . Al k o x yl ated am ines
(o x yal k yl am ines) al so can b e u sed in the p r esent inv en
tio n and these m ay b e r ep r esented b y 2 - m etho x yethyl a
m ine; 3 - m etho x yp r o p yl am ine; 2 - etho x yethyl am ine; 3
etho x yp r o p yl am ine; etc.
Diam ines ar e al so u sef u l , and the al iam ines m ay co n
tain hydr o x y gr o u p s. Ex am p l es o f u sef u l al iam ines in
cl u de al ip hatic diam ines su ch as ethyl enediam ine, 1, 3
diam ino p r o p ane, 1, 2 - diam ino p r o p ane, l , 4- diam ino b u
tane, 1, 6- diam ino hex ane, 3 - dim ethyl - am ino p r o p yl a
m ine, am ino ethyl ethano l am ine, etc.
O
2 5
40
45
50
60
65
4
In ano ther em b o dim ent, the am ine m ay b e an al i
p hatic o x im e co ntaining at l east 2 car b o n ato m s su ch as
acetal dehyde o x im e, aceto ne o x im e, b u tano ne o x im e,
m ethyl ethyl k eto x im e, diethyl k eto x im e, etc. Mix tu r es o f
hydr o x yam ines and o x im es ar e p ar ticu l ar l y u sef u l w hen
it is desir ed to r edu ce co r r o sio n.
In additio n to the al ip hatic m ines, heter o cycl ic m ines
m ay b e u til iz ed. These incl u de, f o r ex am p l e, p ip er az ine
and its der iv ativ es, p ip er idine and its der iv ativ es, m o r
p ho l ine and its der iv ativ es, etc. Sp eci? c ex am p l es o f
su ch heter o cycl ic co m p o u nds incl u de m o r p ho l ine, 4
m ethyl m o r p ho l ine and N - am ino p r o p yl m o r p ho l ine;
p ip er az ine, l - m ethyl p ip er az ine, Z - m ethyl - p ip er az ine
and N - am ino ethyl p ip er az ine; p ip er idine, 4- am ino m eth
yl - p ip er idine, Z - m ethyl - p ip er idine, 3 - m ethyl p ip er idine,
4~ m ethyl - p ip er idine, etc.
In o ne p r ef er r ed em b o dim ent, the p aint- str ip p er co m
p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n co m p r ise at l east tw o
am ines, p yr r o l e w hich ser v es as a co - so l v ent and an
activ ato r and at l east o ne o ther am ine co m p o u nd w hich
is an activ ato r . When p yr r o l e is p r esent, the p aint- str ip
p er co m p o sitio ns m ay co ntain u p to ab o u t 40% b y
w eight o f p yr r o l e since the p yr r o l e acts as a co - so l v ent
as w el l as an activ ato r . Mo r e o f ten, w hen m ix tu r es o f
p yr r o l e and at l east o ne o ther o r ganic am ine ar e u til iz ed
in the p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv en
tio n, satisf acto r y r esu l ts ar e o b tained w hen the p yr r o l e
is p r esent in an am o u nt o f f r o m ab o u t 1% to ab o u t 2 0%
b y w eight, and the at l east o ne o ther am ine is p r esent in
an am o u nt o f f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t 8 % b y w eight.
In o ne p r ef er r ed em b o dim ent, the p aint- str ip p er co m
p o sitio ns o f the inv entio n ar e f r ee o f hal o genated hydr o
car b o ns su ch as m ethyl ene chl o r ide. In ano ther em b o di
m ent, the p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns ar e f r ee o f o r
ganic p ho sp hites (p ar ticu l ar l y al k yl p ho sp hites) and
o r ganic p ho sp hines (p ar ticu l ar l y ar yl p ho sp hines) w hen
the co m p o sitio ns do no t co ntain p yr r o l e.
The p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv en
tio n al so m ay b e aq u eo u s co m p o sitio ns co m p r ising
(A) f r o m ab o u t 10% to ab o u t 80% b y w eight o f at
l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the gr o u p
co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l al k yl - su b stitu ted b en
z yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b stitu ted
f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co ho l s co ntain
ing f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
(B ) f r o m ab o u t 1% to ab o u t 2 0% b y w eight o f p yr
r o l e;
(C ) f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t 8% b y w eight o f at
l east o ne o ther o r ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an
activ ato r ; and
(D) w ater .
Al tho u gh v ar io u s am o u nts o f w ater can b e inco r p o
r ated into the aq u eo u s p aint str ip p er s, gener al l y the
aq u eo u s co m p o sitio ns co ntain at l east ab o u t 10% b y
w eight o f w ater , and in o ther em b o dim ents, the aq u eo u s
co m p o sitio ns co ntain at l east ab o u t 50% b y w eight o f
w ater . The aq u eo u s co m p o sitio ns ar e gener al l y in the
f o r m o f em u l sio ns.
O ther co m p o nents m ay b e incl u ded in the p aint- str ip
p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n su ch as
thick ener s, stab il iz er s, su r f actants, v ar io u s inhib ito r
and antio x idants, al k al inity agents, etc. -
Thick ener s o r thix o tr o p ic agents ar e incl u ded in the
p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n to
incr ease the v isco sity o f the co m p o sitio n as desir ed. Fo r
ex am p l e, w hen the p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns ar e to
b e ap p l ied to v ar io u s su r f aces su ch as v er tical o r o v er
head su r f aces, thick ener s ar e no r m al l y inco r p o r ated
5, 411, 678
5
into the co m p o sitio n so the p aint str ip p er w il l cl ing to
the su r f ace. Ho w ev er , w hen the p aint str ip p ing o f ar ti
cl es is to b e co ndu cted in a tank co ntaining the p aint
str ip p er , and the ar ticl es ar e dep o sited into the tank (i. e. ,
im m er sed in the p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n) f o r a giv en
p er io d o f tim e, the p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns ar e
p r ef er ab l y o f l o w v isco sity. Gener al l y the co m p o sitio ns
o f the inv entio n w il l co ntain f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t
4 % b y w eight, m o r e o f ten f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t
1% b y w eight o f the thick ener . C el l u l o sic thick ener s,
incl u ding thick ener s b ased o n m ethyl cel l u l o se su ch as
tho se av ail ab l e co m m er cial l y f r o m Do w C hem ical C o .
u nder the gener al tr ade designatio n Metho cel ar e u se
f u l . Sp eci? c ex am p l es o f Metho cel s ar e Metho cel s 3 11,
E- 4M, F- 4M, J ~ 75M, K- l SM and XUS. Hydr o x yp r o p yl
cel l u l o ses ar e al so av ail ab l e co m m er cial l y su ch as f r o m
Her cu l es Inc. u nder the gener al designatio n Kl u cel l .
Ethyl cel l u l o ses and hydr o p ho b ic tr eated cl ays su ch as
B ento ne 2 7, a p r o du ct o f N L Indu str ies, ar e o ther ex am
p l es o f u sef u l thick ening and thix o tr o p ic agents.
Al k al inity agents al so can b e inco r p o r ated into the
p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n in
ap p l icatio ns to neu tr al iz e the acidity co ntr ib u ted b y
so m e co m p o nents su ch as inhib ito r s, thick ener s, su f f act
ants, etc. Ex am p l es o f u sef u l al k al inity agents incl u de
al k al i m etal hydr o x ides and al k o x ides su ch as so diu m
m etho x ide, p o tassiu m m etho x ide, so diu m etho x ide, etc.
The am o u nt o f al k al inity agent incl u ded in the p aint
str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n m ay
r age f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t 1 o r 2 % b y w eight. The
am o u nt o f al k al inity agent incl u ded in any p ar ticu l ar
p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio n w il l dep end o n the am o u nt
o f the acid- co ntr ib u ting co m p o nent(s) .
Su r f actants can b e em p l o yed to incr ease the w etting
char acter istics o f the co m p o sitio ns, and the su f f actants
m ay b e anio nic, no nio nic, catio nic, o r am p ho ter ic su f
f actants o r m ix tu r es ther eo f . In o ne em b o dim ent, the
su f f actants u til iz ed ar e no nio nic su f f actants su ch as, f o r
ex am p l e, acetyl enic p o l yo l s su ch as tetr am ethyl
decynedio l (Su r f yno l 104 o r 104A, Air Pr o du cts, Inc. ) ,
ar yl o x y al k ano l s su ch as p heno x y ethano l , p heno x y
gl yco l , etc. Typ ical l y, the su r f actants u til iz ed in an
am o u nt r anging f r o m ab o u t 0. 01 to ab o u t 5 % o r 10%.
Var io u s inhib ito r s al so can b e inco r p o r ated into the
p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the inv entio n, gener al l y,
in co m b inatio n w ith cer tain su r f actants. Ex am p l es o f
inhib ito r s incl u de tr iaz o l es su ch as to l yl tr iaz o l e, and
sil icates su ch as so diu m sil icate. O nl y sm al l am o u nts o f
the inhib ito r s ar e gener al l y needed and su ch am o u nts
r ange f r o m ab o u t 0. 01 to ab o u t 2 % o r 3 % b y w eight.
The p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent in
v entio n can b e p r ep ar ed b y m ix ing the v ar io u s co m p o
nents in any o r der . When the p aint- str ip p er co m p o si
tio ns o f the inv entio n ar e aq u eo u s co m p o sitio ns, it is
p r ef er r ed that an o r ganic m ix tu r e and an aq u eo u s m ix
tu r e ar e sep ar atel y p r ep ar ed and ther eaf ter b l ended to
f o r m an em u l sio n. Fo r ex am p l e, the thick ener su ch as
Metho cel is car ef u l l y disp er sed in the so l v ent su ch as
b enz yl al co ho l and a cl ear thick so l u tio n is f o r m ed.
Su r f actants su ch as Su r f yno l 104A m ay then b e added
to the thick so l u tio n. A sep ar ate aq u eo u s co m p o sitio n is
p r ep ar ed co ntaining w ater , the am ine, inhib ito r s, etc. ,
and the o r ganic m ix tu r e is added to the aq u eo u s m ix tu r e
w ith go o d agitatio n to f o r m a cr eam y em u l sio n. When
the p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv en
tio n co ntain a m ix tu r e o f p yr r o l e and o ne o ther am ine,
the ab o v e p r o cedu r e is f o l l o w ed and the p yr r o l e m ay b e
added af ter the em u l sio n is f o r m ed. A p r ef er r ed p r o ce
0
5
2 0
40
45
55
65
6
du r e f o r p r ep ar ing the p aint- str ip p ing co m p o sitio n o f
the p r esent inv entio n il l u str ated in Ex am p l e 11 b el o w , is
as f o l l o w s. In o ne co ntainer , 0. 2 p ar t o f Metho cel XUS
40443 is car ef u l l y disp er sed in 3 5 p ar ts o f b enz yl al co ho l
and m ix ed u ntil a cl ear thick so l u tio n is f o r m ed. Su r
f yno l 104A (0. 4 p ar t) is ther eaf ter disp er sed in the so l u
tio n. In a sep ar ate co ntainer , a m ix tu r e is p r ep ar ed w ith
go o d agitatio n b y adding 0. 4 p ar t o f C ar b o p o l 69 0 (B . F.
Go o dr ich) , 0. 1 p ar t o f so diu m hydr o x ide, 0. 3 p ar t o f
tr iethano l am ine' and 0. 1 p ar t o f so diu m sil icate to 63 . 5
p ar ts o f w ater . The o r ganic m ix tu r e is added to the
w ater m ix tu r e w ith go o d agitatio n r esu l ting in the f o r
m atio n o f a cr eam y em u l sio n. Pyr r o l e (8 p ar ts) and 0. 5
p ar t o f to l yl tr iaz o l e ar e added indiv idu al l y af ter the
em u l sio n is f o r m ed.
The f o l l o w ing ex am p l es il l u str ate the p aint- str ip p er
co m p o sitio ns o f the p r esent inv entio n w hich co ntain
p yr r o l e and at l east o ne o ther am ine. Unl ess o ther w ise
indicated, al l p ans and p er centages ar e b y w eight, tem
p er atu r es ar e in degr ees C entigr ade, and p r essu r es ar e at
o r near atm o sp her ic p r essu r e.
EXAMPL E 1
%/ Wt.
Fu r f u r yl al co ho l 80
Pyr r o l e l 5
Metho x yp r o p yl am ine 5
EXAMPL E 2
B enz yl al co ho l 80
Pyr r o l e l 2
Mo no ethano l am ine 8
EXAMPL E 3
B enz yl al co ho l 3 5
Pyr r o l e l 2
Mo no ethano l am ine 2
Water r em ainder
EXAMPL E 4
Pr o p ar gyl al co ho l 3 0
Pyr r o l e 8
Metho x yp r o p yl am ine 2
Water r em ainder
EXAMPL E 5
B enz yl al co ho l 3 0
Pyr r o l e 3
Mo no ethano l am ine 2
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
Water r em ainder
5, 411, 678
EXAMPL E 6 EXAMPL E 11
B enz y] al co ho l 2 5 B enz yl al co ho l 2 4. 5
Pyr r o l e 8 5 Pyr r o l e 8. 0
M - Mo no ethano l am ine 2 . 0
o no ethano l am ine 2 Metho cel XUS : 3 02
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2 car b o p o l 69 0 0: 6
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4 Su r f yno l 104A 0- 2
Su r f ym l 104A Q5 To l yl tr iaz o l e 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3 10 So diu m Sil icate () _ 4
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2 Water r em ainder
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
Water r em ainder
EXAMPL E 12
EXAMPL E 7 15
B enz yl al co ho l 3 2
Pyr r o l e 3
B enz yl al co ho l 3 0 Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2
p yr r o l e 3 C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
- Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Mo no m hano l am m e 2 2 0 Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
Maho ce' XUS 40443 0' 2 So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
car b o p o l 69 0 0' 4 So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
su r f yno l 104A 0 5 Water r em ainder
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1 2 5
Water r em ainder EXAMPL E 13
B enz yl al co ho l 3 0
EXAMPL E 8 Pyr r o l e 5
3 0 Metho cel x u s 40443 0. 2
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
B l 1 h l 2 8 Su r f yno l l 04A 0. 5
P62 2 1: 5 Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
y . So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
Mo no ethano l am m e 2 so diu m hydr o x ide o l
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2 w ater r em ainder
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4 3 5
Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3 The inv entio n o f this ap p l icatio n al so r el ates to a
sdl u m sl l l cate 0- 2 m etho d o f str ip p ing p aint f r o m a su r f ace w hich co m
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1 p r ises
Water r em ainder . . . . .
40 (A) co ntacting the p aint w ith a p aint- str ip p er co m p o
sitio n w hich is f r ee o f o r ganic p ho sp hites and p ho s
p hines and co m p r ises
EXAMPL E 9 A- l at l east o ne o r anic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the
c c g
_ gr o u p co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l al k yl - su b
B enz yl al co ho l 2 0 45 stl tu ted b enz yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl
p ym l e 8 su b stitu ted f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co
Mo no ethano l am ine 2 ho l s co ntaining f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2 and
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4 (A- 2 ) at l east ab o u t 0. 7% b y w eight o f at l east o ne
su l ' f ynd 104% 0' 5 50 o r ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an activ ato r f o r a
Tr l ethano l ar m ne 0. 3 . . . .
so diu m Sil icate 02 p er io d o f tim e su f f icient to r edu ce the adhesio n
So diu m hydr o x ide Q1 O f the_ p aint. to the su r f ace; ' .
Water r em ainder (B ) r em o v ing said p aint and p aint- str ip p er co m p o si
tio n f r o m said su r f ace.
55 In o ne em b o dim ent o f this m etho d, the p aint- str ip p er
EXAMPL E 10 co m p o sitio n u til iz ed m ay co ntain o nl y o ne am ine, and
this am ine m ay b e p yr r o l e o r any o f the o ther am ines
descr ib ed ab o v e. Al tho u gh the indiv idu al am ines ar e
B enl yl al co ho l 2 1 ef f ectiv e in str ip p ing p aint f r o m a su r f ace, the p r esentl y
l Ia/ r r o l eh 1 ' 1: 60 p r ef er r ed p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n f o r u se in the
net am am m e m etho d o f the p r esent inv entio n co m p r ises a m ix tu r e o f
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2 . .
car b o p o l 69 0 O 4 p yr r o l e and at l east o ne o ther am ine as descr ib ed ab o v e.
su r f yno l 104A 05 In the m etho d o f the inv entio n, the p aint to b e r e
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3 m o v ed f r o m a su r f ace is co ntacted w ith the p aint- str ip
So diu m Sil icate. 0- 2 65 p er co m p o sitio ns f o r a p er io d o f tim e su f f icient to r e
Sd" " hydm x l de 0; du ce the adhesio n o f the p aint to the su r f ace. C o ntact
Water r em ainder
m ay b e ef f ected b y im m er sio n o f the p ainted su r f ace in
a co ntainer co ntaining the p aint str ip p er , o r the p aint
5, 411, 678
9
str ip p er can b e ap p l ied to the p ainted su r f ace b y any
techniq u e k no w n in the ar t su ch as sp r aying, b r u shing,
r o l l ing, etc. A r edu ctio n o f the adhesio n to the p aint to
the su r f ace is gener al l y ex hib ited b y b u b b l ing and l if ting
o f the p aint f r o m the su r f ace so that the p aint can ther e~
af ter b e easil y r em o v ed f r o m the su r f ace. The tim e
r eq u ir ed to ef f ect the str ip p ing o f the p aint w il l v ar y
dep ending u p o n a v ar iety o f f acto r s incl u ding the natu r e
o f the p aint, the age o f the p aint, the su r f ace w hich is
p ainted, etc. Paints w hich can b e str ip p ed w ith the
str ip p ing co m p o sitio n o f the p r esent inv entio n incl u de
al k yl s, acr yl ics, p o l yu r ethanes, ep o x ies, ep o x y/ u r e
thane, etc.
The f o l l o w ing ex am p l es il l u str ate additio nal p aint
str ip p ing co m p o sitio ns w hich can b e u til iz ed in the
m etho d o f the p r esent inv entio n.
Ex am p l e A
%/ Wt.
B enz yl al co ho l 60
Pyr r o l e 40
Ex am p l e B
B enz yl al co ho l 3 5
Pyr r o l e 10
Water r em ainder
Ex am p l e C
B enz yl al co ho l 3 5
Mo no ethano l am ine 10
Water r em ainder
Ex am p l e D
B enz yl al co ho l 3 2
Metho x yp r o p yl am ine 3
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2
- C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
Water r em ainder
EXAMPL E E
B enz yl al co ho l 3 2
Mo no ethano l am ine 3
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
2 0
2 5
3 0
3 5
45
50
55
65
10
- co ntinu ed
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
Water r em ainder
EXAMPL E F
B enz yl al co ho l 3 2
Metho x yp r o p yl am ine 1. 5
Mo no ethano l am ine 1. 5
Metho cel XUS 40443 0. 2
C ar b o p o l 69 0 0. 4
Su r f yno l 104A 0. 5
Tr iethano l am ine 0. 3
So diu m Sil icate 0. 2
So diu m hydr o x ide 0. 1
Water r em ainder
Whil e the inv entio n has b een ex p l ained in r el atio n to
its p r ef er r ed em b o dim ents, it is to b e u nder sto o d that
v ar io u s m o di? catio ns ther eo f w il l b eco m e ap p ar ent to
tho se sk il l ed in the ar t u p o n r eading the sp eci? catio n.
Ther ef o r e, it is to b e u nder sto o d that the inv entio n
discl o sed her ein is intended to co v er su ch m o di? catio ns
as f al l w ithin the sco p e o f the ap p ended cl aim s.
I cl aim :
1. A p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n co m p r ising
(A) f r o m ab o u t 10% to ab o u t 80% b y w eight o f at
l east o ne o r ganic so l v ent sel ected f r o m the gr o u p
co nsisting o f b enz yl al co ho l al k yl - su b stitu ted b en
z yl al co ho l s, f u r f u r yl al co ho l , al k yl - su b stitu ted
f u r f u r yl al co ho l s and acetyl enic al co ho l s co ntain
ing f r o m 3 to ab o u t 5 car b o n ato m s;
(B ) f r o m ab o u t 1% to ab o u t 2 0% b y w eight o f p yr
r o l e;
(C ) f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t 8% b y w eight o f at
l east o ne o ther o r ganic am ine co m p o u nd as an
activ ato r ; and
(D) w ater .
2 . The co m p o sitio n o f cl aim 1 co m p r ising at l east
ab o u t 10% b y w eight o f w ater .
3 . The co m p o sitio n o f cl aim 1 w her ein the so l v ent
(A) is b enz yl al co ho l o r an al k yl - su b stitu ted b enz yl
al co ho l w her ein the al k yl gr o u p co ntains f r o m 1 to
ab o u t 4 car b o n ato m s.
4. The co m p o sitio n o f cl aim 1 w her ein the at l east o ne
o ther am ine (C ) is an al ip hatic am ine.
5. The co m p o sitio n o f cl aim 1 w her ein the at l east o ne
o ther am ine (C ) is a p r im ar y al ip hatic am ine o r an al i
p hatic o x im e co ntaining at l east 2 car b o n ato m s.
6. The co m p o sitio n o f cl aim 1 w her ein the at l east o ne
o ther am ine (C ) co m p r ises o x yal k yl am ines, hydr o x yl
am ines and diam ines.
7. An aq u eo u s p aint- str ip p er co m p o sitio n co m p r ising:
(A) f r o m ab o u t 10% to ab o u t 40% b y w eight o f b en
z yl al co ho l ;
(B ) f r o m ab o u t 1% to ab o u t 2 0% b y w eight p yr r o l e;
(C ) f r o m ab o u t 0. 1% to ab o u t 8% b y w eight o f at
l east o ne o ther o r ganic al ip hatic am ine; and
(D) at l east ab o u t 50% b y w eight o f w ater .
ii * * * *