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Adoption of Generic Skills in the Process of Teaching and
Learning in College of Vocational

(d )*rul +in ,-i.
/0ulty o1 2e0*ni0l nd $o0tionl 3du0tion
4niversiti 2un 5ussein #nn (lysi% '6400 +tu P*t% 6o*or
3-7il8 7d-*rul9'7:y*oo.0o7

;li Surdin
/0ulty o1 2e0*ni0l nd $o0tionl 3du0tion
4niversiti 2un 5ussein #nn (lysi% '6400 +tu P*t% 6o*or
3-7il8 li:ut*7.edu.7y

Abstract
<eneri0 s-ills re n i7portnt s-ill in t*e wor-pl0e. ;prt 1ro7 t*e te0*ni0l s-ills re=uired% generi0 s-ills
.e0o7e ne0essity 1or every individul in order to wor- properly nd e11i0iently. 2*ere re vrious types o1
i7portnt generi0 s-ills de1ined in t*e >o.% .ut in t*is study% generi0 s-ills is li7ited to only eig*t types o1 s-ills
t*t *ve .een set .y t*e Division o1 $o0tionl nd 2e0*ni0l 3du0tion S-ills I7ple7enttion 2s- +P2$ ie%
pply -nowledge% s-ills% Integrtion in 5elt*% S1ety nd Co77uni0tion S-ills prote0tion nd Sensitive
3nviron7ents% re0tion s-ills nd pro.le7 solving. S-ills to pln% orgni?e% nd 0oopertion wit*in t*e group%
Cretive nd innovtive% nd ;dopt ttitudes nd vlues. ,esults s*owed t*t te0*ers@ per0eption o1 t*e
i7portn0e o1 0ollege vo0tionl nd generi0 s-ills is *ig*. 5owever% we 1ound vriety o1 te0*ing nd
lerning in t*e 0lssroo7 nd in t*e l.ortory *elps to te0* generi0 s-ills su0* s dis0ussion% tests% =ui??es%
presenttions nd so on
Keywords: <eneri0 S-ills% College #1 $o0tionl

1 ntrod!ction
In t*e i7ple7enttion o1 t*e 0urri0ulu7 t t*e College o1 $o0tionl )$% t*ere <eneri0 S-ills ()<! *ig*lig*ted
.y t*e 2e0*ni0l nd $o0tionl 3du0tion +P2$. +P2$ put t*e t*ree 7in do7ins in )< to .e i7ple7ented
in t*e 0urri0ulu7 o1 e7ploy.ility s-ills% 3ntrepreneuril S-ills nd 2e0*ni0l S-ills. 4nder t*ree 7in do7ins%
it is .ro-en down into eig*t se0tions )ey /untionl% t*e S-ills 2s- Per1or7% ;pply s-ills -nowledge% t*e
integrtion o1 *elt*% s1ety nd prote0tion o1 Sensitive Co77uni0tion S-ills nd 3nviron7ent% re0tion s-ills
nd pro.le7 solving. S-ills to pln% orgni?e% nd 0oopertion wit*in t*e group% Cretive nd innovtive% nd
;dopt ttitudes nd vlues. +sed on t*e eig*t prts o1 t*e )ey /un0tionl% every te0*er s*ould s 1r s
possi.le pply /un0tionl )ey is in t*e pro0ess o1 te0*ing nd lerning in t*e 0lssroo7 (+P2$ 20&&!.

" Literat!re #e$iew
Introdu0tion o1 new generi0 s-ills to .e pplied in $o0tionl College is new nd di11erent to t*e generi0 s-ills
0o77only worn in ny edu0tionl institution. <eneri0 s-ills 7ndted .y t*e 7inistry o1 edu0tion is t*e
provision 1or students to .e .le to 0o7pete in t*e industry w*en t*ey 0o7plete t*eir studies. A*en students re
eBposed to t*e wor-ing environ7ent% t*ey will *ve 7ore input s well s t*eir s-ills re not lerned in t*e
le0ture% so it is very i7portnt 1or te0*ers to in0orporte generi0 s-ills to students e11e0tively so t*t t*ey re
.le to dpt w*ile in t*e wor-pl0e. S-ills re so7et*ing nturl or 0=uired% nd t*e .si0 0*r0teristi0s o1
s-ill is 0=uired t*roug* lerning pro0ess (Donnell C <rvn% 200D!. Si7ilrly% t*e generi0 s-ills w*i0* 0n
eBist in person .y nture nd 0n lso .e o.tined t*roug* lerning.

2.& I7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills
<eneri0 s-ills in edu0tionl institutions .ole i7ple7ented in vrious 1or7s o1 w*i0* re t*roug* 0urri0ulr nd
0o-0urri0ulr (,dlo11 C De E 5rpe% 2002 3s ;*7d% 2004!. <uile (2002! pointed out t*t t*e wor-
eBperien0e t*t 0n .uild generi0 s-ills s*ould .e prt o1 t*e 0urri0ulu7 t*t supports lerning t*roug* wor-
pr0ti0es. 2*e study o1 t*e reltions*ip .etween generi0 s-ills nd 0reer nd te0*ni0l edu0tion (Creer nd
2e0*ni0l 3du0tion% C23! ws 0rried out .y +rown (2002!. 2*e study 1ound t*t generi0 s-ills 0n .e lerned%
le0turers s*ould e7p*si?e t*e i7portn0e o1 @te0*ing 0on0ept% Fs in t*e wor-pl0e to develop students@ generi0
s-ills. Ee0turer propose su0* eBperien0e in t*e wor-pl0e e11e0tively 7onitored to ensure t*t t*e opportunity
s*ould .e used to get t*e s-ills.

2.D ;ppli0tion o1 generi0 s-ills le0ture roo7 nd l.ortory
Clssroo7s re s 7ost o1 t*e students get ll t*e -nowledge. 2*is is w*ere welt* o1 -nowledge i7prted to
Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-607X (Pper! ISSN 222"-0"6" (#nline!
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t*e students% provide students wit* -nowledge-relted -nowledge. (ost o1 t*e -nowledge presented in t*e 1or7
o1 t*eoreti0l% rt*er t*n pr0ti0l. 2*e dis0ussion in t*e 0lssroo7 lso re=uires 0o77uni0tion. It is 0oupled
wit* ot*er s-ills su0* s te7wor- nd pro.le7 solving. +ot* o1 t*ese s-ills re very i7portnt w*en wor-ing
lter. Aor-ing wit* ot*ers in group is one o1 0o7peten0y in 0=uiring generi0 (wrig*t% 200D!.
E.ortory s one o1 t*e 7ny generi0 ter7s pplying te7wor-% 7nge7ent nd pro.le7 solving. ;?i? ;.d
,*7n (2000! lists seven -ey 1etures o1 su00ess1ul te7wor- (wor-ing group!8

i. Eeders w*o re involved in vrious ts-s
ii. S*ring responsi.ility. Creting n t7osp*ere in w*i0* 7e7.ers o1 t*e group wit* *evy .urden
iii. 3=utions gols. (-e sure t*ere is n understnding o1 gols to re0*%
iv. 311e0tive 0o77uni0tion. ; 0li7te o1 trust rises w*en t*e 0o77uni0tion is done well
v. /o0us on t*e 1uture. 3nergy nd t*oug*t re 7o.ili?ed to 7-e di11eren0e to t*e group (orgni?tion!
vi. ;ll 0retive tlents re used to develop t*e
vii. Hui0- 0tion is essentil to ensure t*t t*e opportunity is used in t*e .est possi.le

2.4 Stte7ent o1 t*e pro.le7
2*e 0on0ept o1 generi0 s-ills *s lso .een 7odi1ied to 7eet t*e gols nd o.>e0tives o1 t*e i7ple7enttion o1
vo0tionl 0ollege. Introdu0tion o1 new s-ills t*t e7p*si?es t*e pr0ti0e o1 70I nd D0I t*eory. 2*e 0on0ept
o1 generi0 s-ills is .it di11erent 1ro7 t*e usul 0on0ept o1 generi0 s-ills used in ny edu0tionl institution. ;
0*llenge to te0*ers in vo0tionl 0olleges in i7ple7enting t*is new 0on0ept o1 generi0 s-ills in te0*ing nd
lerning% w*et*er in t*e 0lssroo7 or in t*e l.ortory.

;s su0*% it rises interest reser0*ers to o.serve t*e rules o1 generi0 s-ills in te0*ing nd lerning in t*e
$o0tionl College. 2*e reser0*er lso wnted to see t*e i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills nd $o0tionl College.
NeBt t*e reser0*ers lso wnted to see t*eir own te0*er wreness o1 t*e i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills nd see
w*ere t*e do7innt generi0 s-ills t*t re pplied .y t*e te0*er in te0*ing nd lerning in t*e 0lssroo7

%&' St!dy ob(ecti$e
2*e o.>e0tives o1 t*is study were8
i. Identi1ying vo0tionl 0ollege students@ per0eptions o1 t*e i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills.
ii. Identi1ying t*e level o1 generi0 s-ills in te0*ing nd lerning pro0ess o1 students@ per0eption $o0tionl
College
iii. Identi1y t*e te0*ing 7et*ods used in t*e $o0tionl College *elps to te0* generi0 s-ills t*roug* t*e
te0*ing nd lerning pro0ess.

)&' *ethodology
4.& 2*e reser0* design
2*is study ws =untittive survey w*i0* i7s to identi1y persespsi vo-sionl 0ollege te0*ers o1 t*e
i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills nd s well s t*e 7et*ods used in pplying generi0 s-ills +est C )*n (&GG'!
rgues t*t des0riptive studies 0n 1urt*er eBplin w*t relly *ppened. 2*e =uestionnire ws 0*osen s t*e
instru7ent to 0olle0t dt nd nswer t*e reser0* =uestions. 2*e dt 1ro7 t*e =uestionnires will .e nly?ed
to get nd give 7ening to t*e results o.tined in t*is =untittive study design.

4.2 Popultion nd s7ple
Popultion involved in t*e study ws 7de up o1 students nd te0*ers in t*ree vo0tionl 0olleges to pilot t*e
view $o0tionl College% $o0tionl College $o0tionl College )ul 2erenggnu nd S** ;l7. 2*e
popultion o1 study 7ust .e identi1ied .e1ore study is 0ondu0ted. ; popultion is group o1 o.servtions on
individuls or o.>e0ts to .e studied. It is group o1 potentil respondents 1or review .sed on t*e reser0* will .e
0ondu0ted (Sl-ind% N6% 2000!.

4.D 2*e instru7ent
In t*is study% t*e instru7ents used .y reser0*ers to o.tin dt is to use =uestionnire. 2*e +ordens nd
;..ott (2002!% =uestionnires re t*e 7in instru7ents used to o.tin =untittive results 1ro7 respondents.
Huestions t*t will .e ddressed to t*e respondent re t*e s7e nd e0* se=uen0e wit*out 0*nging t*e
7ening nd 0ontent o1 t*e =uestionnire. 2*is =uestionnire *s 1our essentil prts% n7ely8
i. Prt ;8 ;nlysis o1 de7ogrp*i0 vri.les
ii. Prt +8 ;nlysis o1 te0*ers@ per0eption o1 t*e i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills
iii. Prt C8 ;nlysis o1 te0*ers@ per0eption o1 generi0 s-ills
iv. Prt D8 ;nlysis 7et*odology generi0 s-ills
Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-607X (Pper! ISSN 222"-0"6" (#nline!
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4.4 ,eli.ility
,eli.ility lso re1ers to t*e .ility o1 study to o.tin si7ilr vlues w*en t*e 7esure7ent is repeted. I1 t*e
7esure7ent on t*e se0ond or t*ird done% t*e results or t*e 1indings re si7ilr to t*e study is sid to *ve *ig*
reli.ility (C*u% 2006!. In1or7tion o.tined in t*e study wit*out .is nd 0onsistently 7esured nd nly?ed
using Cron.0* ;lp* 2est. Cron.0* ;lp* test ws used to test t*e reli.ility o1 t*e vlue o1 t*e s0ore is
.etween 0 nd &. Eevels low reli.ility w*en t*e s0ore 0.% A*ile very *ig* w*en t*e s0ore eB0eeds 0.'.

+ Concl!sion
#verll% t*is study *s 0*ieved its purpose% n7ely to deter7ine t*e level o1 per0eption o1 vo0tionl 0ollege
te0*ers o1 t*e i7portn0e o1 generi0 s-ills nd in t*e pro0ess o1 te0*ing nd lerning 7et*ods nd generi0
s-ills in te0*ing nd lerning pro0ess. 2*e level o1 te0*ers@ per0eption is generlly t *ig* level in ter7s o1
i7portn0e% i7ple7enttion nd ppli0tion o1 t*e 7et*od in t*e te0*ing nd lerning pro0ess. (onitoring over
ti7e is very i7portnt tertut7ny 1ro7 vo0tionl 0ollege 7nge7ent itsel1 to identi1y gps nd we-nesses
t*t 0n .e i7proved in t*e 1uture.

#!(!kan
;.d ,*7n ;?i? (2000!. JPe-er>n dl7 )e*idupn (nusiK. Prenti0e 5ll8 4niversiti 4tr (lysi
;.dul g*ni 5.L (20&&!. Se7inr Per-e7.ngn Pendidi-n dn Eti*n 2e-ni- dn $o-sionl% 2rns1or7si
Pendidi-n $o-sionl. 425(8 +P2$
;*7d (2004!. )erts )er> Pe7.entngn J)es*n dn )e.ole*per0yn Instru7en Penyelidi-n%
MPel-snn )e7*irn <eneri- (enerusi )egitn )o-uri-ulu7 di Polite-ni- +gi (e7enu*i
)e*end- IndustriK
;?7 ;dnn. (20&0!. Inisiti1 pengetu dl7 7enentu-n -e>yn orgnissi se-ol*. 6urnl Pendidi-n.
*ttp8NNwww.s7-.p.0o7NindeB.p*pNl7n-pengetuN&D'-0.rn-guru-7s--ini
+est% 6.A. C )*n% 6.$. (&GG'!. ,eser0* in 3du0tion. 6 New 6ersey8 Prenti0e 5ll.
+P2$ (20&&% Nove7.er 20!. Pro1il +*gin +P2$% +P2$
+rown% +ettin En-rd (2002!. <eneri0 S-ills in Creer nd 2e0*ni0l 3du0tionK .(yt*s nd ,elities.
3D472D6D. *ttp8NNwww.eri010ility.netNeBtrNser0*2Nview.*t7l
C*u O.P. (2006!. J)ed* Penyelidi-nK. (0<rw 5ill 3du0tion.
Donnell% Dvid #. C <rvn %2*o7s N. (200D!. JNew perspe0tive on -ill% lerning nd trining8 view
pointK%. 6ournl o1 3uropen Industril 2rining. (C+ 4niversity Press.
37ployers #rgnistion ,eport (2004!. JStrtegi0 2rining Prtners*ips .etween t*e Stte nd 3nterpriseK.
5ttp8NNwww.logosnet.netNiloN&"09.seNenNpu.lNwe.929".*t7
5?il*% 6u*n% Slwni% 5irulli? dn Nor ;?n (2002!. J2*p )epentingn )e7*irn )o7puter (engi-ut
/ungsi Pe-er>n di (lysi J. 6urnl ;ntr.ngs 2e-nologi (-lu7t. 4)(.
Sl-ind% N.6. (2000!. 3Bploring ,eser0* % 4t* edition. 4pper sddle ,iver8 Prenti0e 5ll
23SD; (2004!. JS-ills S*ortges nd 2rining Needs o1 (NCs in P*ilippinesK. E;+#, (;,)32
IN23EEI<3N2 ,3P#,2. Issue No.2 *ttp8NNwww.tesd.gov.p*NServi0esNDe1ult.sp
Airg*t% Eynne (200D!. JIntegrting <eneri0 S-ill Into 2*e Curri0ulu7K.

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