Lab Work 2 : Arithmetic and Logical Instruction.

At the end of this lab session, students will:

1. Simulate the project using MPLAB SIM
2. Use logical and arithmetic instructions in program writing.
3. Record the changing of STATUS Register condition flag

Equipment list:
1. Personal computer (PC)
2. MPLAB software

Theory
The flag register in the PIC is called the status register. In PIC18F, only five flags are
used to indicate some conditions that result after an instruction is executed. These five flags are
C (Carry), DC (Digital Carry), (Zero).
X X X N OV Z DC C
C Carry
DC Digital Carry
Z Zero
OV Overflow
N - Negative
X Not implemented, reserved for future use
C, the carry flag
This flag is set whenever there is a carry out from the D7 bit. This flag bit is affected after
an 8-bit addition or subtraction.
DC, the digital carry
If there is a carry from D3 to D4 during an ADD or SUB operation, this bit is set;
otherwise it is cleared.
Z, the zero flag
The zero flag reflects the result of an arithmetic or logic operation if the result is zero,
then Z=1. Therefore, Z=0 if the result is not zero.

Arithmetic Instruction Logic Instruction
ADDLW Add Literal and WREG
Status Affected: C, DC, Z

ADDWF Add W and F
Status Affected: C, DC, Z

SUBLW Subtract W from Literal
Status Affected: C, DC, Z

SUBWF Subtract W from F
Status Affected: C, DC, Z

ANDLW AND Literal with WREG
Status Affected: Z

ANDWF AND W with F
Status Affected: Z

IORLW Inclusive OR Literal with W
Status Affected: Z

IORWF Inclusive OR W with F
Status Affected: Z

XORLW Exclusive OR Literal with W
Status Affected: Z

XORWF Exclusive OR W with F
Status Affected: Z




Precedure:
Creating Project File
1. Create a New Project File.
2. Now open a new file by clicking File>New, and key in the program below:
#include<p18F4550.inc>
ORG 00H
; Operation 38h +2Fh
MOVLW 38H
ADDLW 2FH
; Operation 255 - 255
MOVLW D255
ADDLW D255
; Operation 10000001 AND 11001100
MOVLW B10000001
ANDLW B11001100
END

3. Save this file using File>Save As. Select file type Assembly Source File, and save as
lab2.asm
4. Right-click on the folder Source Files (Project window), and click Add Files to add
lab2.asm
5. Assemble the program by pressing Project>Build All. (If the error occurs, fix it and
repeat this step again)

Simulating the program using MPLAB simulator, MPSIM
6. Select Debugger > Select Tool > MPLAB SIM to simulate the program.
7. Open a Watch window by clicking View>Watch, and select the items as shown in
Figure 2.1


Figure 2.1

8. Click Step Into to start the simulation and record the result into Table 2.1

9. Write an assembly program that can perform the following operations:
a. 176 +128
b. 63 45
c. 11110011 OR 00000011
d. 11111100 ExOR 00101011
e. 2F AND 90
10. Simulate your code again and record the result into Table 2.2










Result :
Operation Instruction WREG STATUS
a) 38
h
+2F
h
MOVLW 38H

W=

ADDLW 2FH W= C =
DC =
Z =
b) 255
d
-255
d
MOVLW D255

W=

ADDLW D255

W= C =
DC =
Z =
c) 10000001
2

AND
11001100
2

MOVLW
B10000001
W=

ANDLW
B11001100
W= Z =

Table 2.1:










Operation Instruction WREG STATUS
a) 176
d
+128
d





C =
DC =
Z =
b) 63
d
45
d





C =
DC =
Z =
c) 11110011
2

OR
00000011
2








Z=
d) 11111100
2

ExOR
00101011
2






Z=

e) 2F
h
AND 90
h



Z=

Table 2.1: