WORD MEANING Part of Speech A abate subside; decrease, lessen verb aberrant abnormal or deviant noun abeyance suspended action noun abscond depart secretly and hide verb admonish warn; reprove verb adulterate make impure by mixing with baser substances verb aesthetic artistic; dealing with or capable of appreciation of the beautif ul; adjective alacrity cheerful promptness noun alleviate relieve verb aloof apart; reserved adjective altruistic unselfishly generous, concerned for others adjective amalgamate combine, unite in one body verb ambidextrous capable of using either hand with equal ease adjective ambiguous unclear or doubtful in meaning adjective ambivalence the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attit udes; noun ameliorate improve verb anachronism an error involving time in a story noun analogous comparable adjective anarchist person who rebels against the established order noun anarchy absence of governing body, state of disorder noun animosity active enmity; hatred noun anomalous abnormal; irregular antagonistic hostile; opposed; actively resisting adjective antipathy aversion; dislike antiquated old-fashioned; obsolete adjective antithesis contrast; direct opposite of or to noun apathy lack of caring; indifference noun appease pacify; soothe verb apprehension fear noun apprise inform verb approbation approval noun appropriate acquire; take possession of for one's own use verb arbitrary unreasonable or capricious; imperious; tyrannical; despotic adjective arduous hard; strenuous adjective artless without guile; open and honest adjective ascetic practicing self denial; austere adjective assiduous diligent. adjective assuage ease or lessen(pain);soothe(anger);satisfy(hunger) verb astute wise; shrewd adjective atrophy wasting away noun attenuate make thin; weaken verb audacious daring; bold adjective austere strict; stern adjective austerity sternness; severity; lack of luxuries noun authoritarian favoring or exercising total control; non-democratic adjective autonomous self-governing adjective ----------------------- Page 2----------------------- WORD MEANING Pa rt of Speech B banal hackneyed; commonplace; trite adjective belie contradict; give a false impression verb benevolent generous; charitable adj. benign kindly; favorable; not malignant adj. benignity state of being kind, benign, gracious noun bequeath leave to someone by a will; hand down verb blasphemy cursing; irreverence; sacrilege noun blighted suffering for a disease; destroyed adj. blithe gay; joyous adj. bolster support; prop up verb bombastic pompous; using inflated language adjective boorish rude; clownish adjective burgeon grow forth; send out buds verb burnish make shiny by rubbing; polish verb buttress support; prop up verb C cacophony discord noun cajole coax; wheedle verb candor frankness noun capricious unpredictable; fickle; incalculable adjective censorious critical adjective censure blame; criticize verb chicanery trickery noun clemency disposition to be lenient; mildness, as of the weather noun coagulate thicken; congeal; clot verb coda concluding section of a musical or literary composition noun coercion use of force to get someone's compliance noun cogent convincing adjective commensurate equal in extent adj compendium brief; comprehensive summary verb complaisant tryng to please; obliging adj compliant yielding; confirming to requirements adj conciliatory reconciling; soothing. adj condone overlook; forgive; give tacit approval; excuse verb confound confuse; puzzle verb connoisseur person competent to act as a judge of art; lover of art. noun contention claim; thesis noun contend struggle; compete; assert earnestly verb contentious quarrelsome adjective contrite penitent adjective conundrum riddle noun convoluted coiled around adjective cordial gracious; heartfelt adjective corroborate confirm verb craven cowardly adjective credulity belief on slight evidence noun criterion standard used in judging noun ----------------------- Page 3----------------------- WORD MEANING Par t of Speech D daunt intimidate verb debilitate weaken; enfeeble verb deference courteous regard for another's wish noun delineate portray noun denigrate blacken verb denounce condemn; criticize verb deplore regret; disapprove of verb depravity corruption; wickedness noun depreciate express disapproval of; protest against; belittle verb deride scoff at verb derivative unoriginal; derived from another source adjective derogatory expressing a low opinion adjective desiccate dry up verb despondent depressed; gloomy adjective despot tyrant; harsh, authoritarian ruler noun desultory aimless; jumping around adjective detached emotionally removed; calm and objective; indifferent adjective deterrent something that discourages; hindrance noun devious going astray; erratic; cunning adjective diatribe bitter scolding; invective noun dichotomy branching into two parts noun didactic teaching; instructional adjective diffidence shyness noun digression wandering away from the subject noun dilemma problem; choice of two unsatisfactory alternatives noun diligence steadiness of effort; persistent hard work noun diminution lessening; reduction in size noun dirge lament with music noun disabuse correct a false impression; undeceive verb discernible distinguishable; perceivable adjective discerning mentally quick and observant; having insight adjective discordant inharmonious; conflicting adjective discretion prudence; ability to adjust actions to circumstances noun discursive digressing; rambling adjective disdain treat with scorn or contempt verb disinclination unwillingness noun disingenuous not naive; sophisticated adjective disparage belittle verb disparity difference; condition of inequality noun dispassionate calm; impartial adjective disputatious argumentative; fond of argument adjective disseminate scatter (like seeds) verb dissent disagree verb dissolute loose in morals adjective dissonance discord noun distend expand; swell out verb diverge vary; go in different directions from the same point verb divergent differing; deviating adjective ----------------------- Page 4----------------------- WORD MEANING Pa rt of Speech divest strip; deprive verb docket program as for trial; book where such entries are made noun document provide written evidence verb dogmatic positive; arbitrary adjective domicile home noun dormant sleeping; lethargic; torpid adjective dubious doubtful adjective duplicity double dealing; hypocrisy noun dupe someone who is easily fooled noun E ebullient showing excitement; overflowing with enthusiasm adjective eccentric odd; whimsical; irregular adjective ecclesiastic pertaining to the church adjective eclectic selective in choosing from a variety of sources adjective effervescent exuberant; bubbly and excited adjective efficacy power to produce desired effect noun effigy dummy noun effrontery shameless boldness noun elated overjoyed; in high spirits adjective elegiacal like in elegy; mournful adjective elicit draw out by discussion verb eloquence expressiveness; persuasive speech noun elusive evasive; baffling; hard to gasp adjective emaciated thin and wasted adjective embellish adorn verb embryonic undeveloped; rudimentary adjective empirical based on experience adjective emulate rival; imitate verb endemic prevailing among a specific group of people or in a specific area or country; adjective endorse approve; support verb enervate weaken verb enfranchise to admit to the rights of citizenship (especially the right to v ote) verb engender cause; produce verb enhance advance; improve verb enigma puzzle noun enmity ill will; hatred noun enumerate list; mention one by one verb enunciate speak distinctly verb ephemeral short-lived; fleeting adjective epic long heroic poem or similar work of art noun equanimity calmness of temperament noun equilibrium balance noun equivocal doubtful; ambiguous adjective equivocate lie; mislead; attempt to conceal the truth verb erratic odd; unpredictable adjective erroneous mistaken; wrong adjective erudite learned; scholarly adjective esoteric known only to a chosen few adjective ----------------------- Page 5----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech estranged separated; alienated adjective eulogy praise noun euphemism mild expression in place of an unpleasant one noun exacerbate worsen; embitter verb exculpate clear from blame verb execute put into effect; carry out verb exemplary serving as a model; outstanding adjective exemplify serve as an example of; embody verb exhaustive thorough; comprehensive adjective exigency urgent situation noun exonerate acquit; exculpate verb expedite hasten verb explicit definite; open adjective extol praise; glorify verb extraneous not essential; external adjective extricate free; disentangle verb extrinsic not inherent; foreign adjective exuberance abundance; effusiveness; lavishness noun F facetious humorous; jocular adjective facile easy; expert adjective facilitate make less difficult verb fallacious misleading adjective fanaticism excessive zeal noun fastidious difficult to please; squeamish adjective fatuous foolish; inane adjective fawning courting behavior by cringing and flattering adjective felicitous apt; suitably expressed; well chosen adjective fervor glowing ardor noun flagrant conspicuously wicked adjective fledgling inexperienced adjective flinch hesitate; shrink verb flout reject; mock verb foment stir up; instigate verb foresight ability to foresee future happenings; prudence noun forestall prevent by taking action in advance verb frugality thrift; economy noun furtive stealthy; sneaky adjective futile ineffective; fruitless adjective G gainsay deny verb garrulity talkativeness noun garrulous loquacious; wordy adjective glutton someone who eats too much noun goad urge on verb gouge tear out verb grandiloquent pompous; bombastic; using high-sounded language adjective ----------------------- Page 6----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech gravity seriousness noun gregarious sociable adjective grievance cause of complaint noun guile deceit; duplicity noun guileless without deceit adjective gullible easily deceived adjective gusto enjoyment; enthusiasm noun gusty windy adjective H hackneyed commonplace; trite adjective hamper obstruct verb haphazard random; by chance adjective harangue noisy speech noun haughtiness pride; arrogance noun hedonism belief that pleasure is the sole aim of life noun heresy opinion contrary to popular belief; opinion contrary to accepte d religion noun homogeneous of the same kind adjective hyperbole exaggeration; overstatement noun hypercritical excessively exacting adjective hypocritical pertaining to be virtuous; deceiving adjective hypothetical based on assumptions or hypothesis adjective I iconoclastic attacking cherished traditions adjective idolatry worship of idols; excessive admiration noun immaculate pure; spotless adjective immutable unchangeable adjective impair worsen; diminish in value verb impassive without feeling; not affected by pain adjective impede hinder; block; delay verb impermeable impervious; not permitting passage through its substance adjective impertinent insolent adjective imperturbable calm; placid adjective impetuous violent; hasty; rash adjective impetus moving force noun implacable incapable of being pacified adjective implement put into effect; supply with tools verb implication that is hinted at or suggested noun implicit understood but not stated adjective inadvertently carelessly; unintentionally adjective inane silly; senseless adjective inaugurate start; initiate; install at office verb incessant uninterrupted adjective inchoate recently begun; rudimentary; elementary adjective incidental not essential; minor adjective incisive cutting; sharp adjective incite arouse to action verb incognito with identity concealed; using an assumed name adjective ----------------------- Page 7----------------------- WORD MEANING P art of Speech incoherent unintelligible; muddled; illogical adjective incongruous not fitting; absurd adjective inconsequential of trifling significance adjective incontrovertible indisputable adjective incorrigible uncorrectable adjective incredulity tendency to disbelief noun incredulous withholding belief; skeptical adjective indict charge verb indifferent unmoved; lacking concern adjective indigenous native adjective indigent poor adjective indiscriminate choosing at random; confused adjective indolent lazy adjective induce persuade; bring about verb indulgent humoring; yielding; lenient adjective inert inactive; lacking power to move adjective infamous notoriously bad adjective infer deduce; conclude verb infiltrate pass into or through; penetrate (an organization) sneakily verb ingenious clever adjective ingenious nave; young; unsophisticated adjective inherent firmly established by nature or habit adjective innate inborn adjective innocuous harmless adjective innovation change; introduction of something new noun insinuate hint; imply verb insipid tasteless; dull adjective insolvent bankrupt; lacking money to pay adjective instigate urge; start; provoke verb insularity narrow-mindedness; isolation noun intangible not material; not able to be perceived by touch adjective integrity wholeness; purify; uprightness noun interminable endless adjective intermittent periodic; on and off adjective intractable unruly; refractory adjective intransigent refusing any compromise; stubborn adjective intricate complex; knotty; tangled adjective introspective locking within oneself adjective introvert one who is introspective; inclined to think more about oneself noun inundate overflow; flood verb inured accustomed; hardened adjective invective abuse noun irascible irritable; easily angered adjective ironic resulting in unexpected and contrary manner adjective irrational illogical; lacking reason; insane adjective irresolute uncertain how to act; weak adjective irreverence lack of proper aspect noun itinerant wandering; traveling adjective itinerary plan of a trip noun ----------------------- Page 8----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech J K judicious sound in judgment; wise adjective kindle start a fire; inspire verb L laconic brief and to the point adjective lament grieve; express sorrow verb languish lose animation; lose strength verb lassitude languor; weariness noun laud praise verb lavish liberal; wasteful adjective legacy gift made by a will noun lethargic drowsy; dull adjective levity lightness noun lexicographer compiler of a dictionary noun lexicon dictionary noun listless lacking in spirit or energy adjective lofty very high adjective loquacious talkative adjective lucid easily understood adjective lucrative profitable adjective M magnanimous generous adjective magniloquent boastful; pompous adjective malign speak evil of; defame verb malingerer one who feigns illness to escape duty noun malleable capable of being shaped by pounding adjective marred damaged; disfigured adjective maverick rebel; nonconformist noun mendacious lying; false adjective metamorphosis change of form noun metaphor implied comparison noun methodological systematic adjective meticulous excessively careful adjective misconstrue interpret incorrectly; misjudge verb miserly stingy; mean adjective mitigate appease verb mollify soothe verb moribund at the point of death adjective morose ill-humored; sullen adjective mundane worldly as opposed to spiritual adjective N niggle spend too much time on minor points; carp verb nihilism denial of traditional values; absolute skepticism noun notoriety disrepute; ill fame noun novelty something new; newness noun nullify to make invalid noun nurture bring up; feed; educate verb ----------------------- Page 9----------------------- WORD MEANING Par t of Speech O obdurate stubborn adj ective obliterate destroy completely ver b oblivion forgetfulness nou n obnoxious offensive adj ective obscure dark; vague; unclear adj ective obsequious slavishly attentive; servile; sycophantic adj ective obstinate stubborn adj ective obviate make unnecessary; get rid of ver b occident the West nou n occlude shut; close ver b officious meddlesome; excessively trying to please adj ective ominous threatening adj ective onerous burdensome adj ective opportunist individual who sacrifices principles for expediency by taking adv antage of the circumstances noun opprobrium infamy; vilification nou n optometrist one who fits glasses to remedy visual defects nou n ordinance decree nou n ostentatious showy; pretentious adj ective P pacifist one opposed to force; antimilitarist nou n paragon model of reflection nou n parody humorous imitation; travesty nou n partisan one-sided; prejudiced; committed to a party nou n pathological pertaining to disease adj ective paucity scarcity nou n pedantic showing off learning; bookish adj ective penchant strong inclination; liking nou n penury extreme poverty nou n perennial something that is continuing or recent nou n perfidious basely false adj ective perfunctory superficial; not thorough adj ective perturbation agitation nou n pervasive spread throughout; permeating adj ective petrify turn to stone ver b philander make love lightly; flirt ver b phlegmatic calm; not easily disturbed adj ective piety religious devotion; godliness nou n placate pacify; conciliate ver b plagiarize steal another's ideas and pass them off as one's own ver b platitude trite remark; commonplace statement nou n plethora excess; overabundance nou n plummet fall sharply ver b poignancy quality of being deeply moving; keenness of emotion nou n potent powerful; persuasive; greatly influential adj ective pragmatic practical; concerned with practical values adj ective preamble introductory statement nou n precarious uncertain; risky adj ective ----------------------- Page 10----------------------- WORD MEANING P art of Speech precipitate headlong; rash a djective preclude make impossible; eliminate v erb precocious advanced in development a djective precursor forerunner n oun presumptuous arrogant; taking liberties a dj prevaricate lie v erb pristine characteristic of earlier times, primitive, unspoiled adj probity uprightness; incorruptibility n oun prodigal wasteful; reckless with money a dj profound deep; not superficial; complete a dj prohibitive inclined to prevent or forbid (use, purchase) a dj proliferate grow rapidly; spread; multiply v erb propensity natural inclination n oun propitiate appease v erb propriety fitness; correct conduct n oun proscribe ostracize; banish; outlaw v erb protract prolong v erb provoke stir to anger; cause retaliation v erb prudent cautious; careful a djective pungent stinging; caustic a djective Q qualified limited; restricted a djective quandary dilemma n oun quibble equivocate; play on words; minor objection or complaint verb quiescent at rest; dormant; temporarily inactive a djective R rarefied made less dense (of gas) a dj ratify approve formally; verify v erb rebuff snub; beat back v erb rebuttal refutation; response with contrary evidence n oun recalcitrant obstinately stubborn a djective recant repudiate; withdraw previous statement v erb recluse hermit; loner n oun recondite abstruse; profound; secret a djective redundant superfluous; excessively wordy; repetitious a djective refractory stubborn; unmanageable a djective refute disprove v erb relegate banish; consign to inferior position v erb relevancy pertinence; reference to the case in hand n oun remorse guilt; self-reproach n oun renounce abandon; discontinue; disown; repudiate v erb reprimand reprove severely v erb reproach blame; censure n oun reprobate person hardened in sin; devoid of a sense of decency n oun reprove censure; rebuke v erb repudiate disown; disavow v erb rescind cancel v erb ----------------------- Page 11----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech reserve self-control; formal but distant manner noun resigned unresisting; patiently submissive adjective resolve determination noun reticence reserve; uncommunicativeness; inclination to be silent noun retract withdraw; take back verb retrograde go backwards; degenerate, instead of advancing verb retrospective looking back on the past adjective reverent respectful; worshipful adjective S sagacious keen; shrewd; having insight adjective salubrious healthful adjective sanction approve; ratify verb satiate surfeit; satisfy fully verb satirical mocking adjective saturate soak verb savor enjoy; have a distinctive flavor, smell, equality verb savory tasty; pleasing, attractive, or agreeable adjective scrupulous conscientious; extremely thorough adjective scrutinize examine closely and critically verb seclusion isolation; solitude noun secrete hide away; produce and release a substance into an organism verb sectarian relating to a religious fraction or subgroup; narrow-minded; lim ited adjective servile slavish; cringing adjective shard fragment, generally of pottery noun skeptic doubter; person who suspends judgment until he has examined the evidence. noun supporting a point of view noun solemnity seriousness; gravity noun solicit request earnestly; seek verb solicitous worried; concerned adjective somber gloomy; depressing adjective soporific sleep producer; sleep causing adjective specious seemingly reasonable but incorrect adjective spendthrift someone who wastes money noun sporadic occurring irregularly adjective squander waste verb stagnant motionless; stale; dull adjective stanza division of a poem noun static unchanging; lacking development adjective steadfast loyal adjective stigma token of disgrace; brand noun stint supply; allotted demand; assigned portion of work noun stipulate make express conditions; specify verb stoic person who is indifferent to pleasure or pain noun stolid dull; impassive adjective striated marked with parallel bands; grooved adjective strut pompous walk noun strut supporting bar noun stupefy make numb; stun; amaze verb ----------------------- Page 12----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech submissive yielding; timid adjective subtlety nicety; cunning; guile; delicacy noun succinct brief; terse; compact adjective superfluous excessive; overabundant; unnecessary adjective supersede cause to be set aside; replace verb supposition hypothesis; the act of supposing noun surpass exceed verb surreptitious secret adjective surrogate substitute noun sustain experience; support; nourish verb sycophant servile flatterer noun T tacit understood; not put into words adjective taciturn habitually silent; talking little adjective tangential peripheral; only slightly connected; digressing adjective tangible able to be touched; real; palpable adjective tedious boring; tiring adjective tentative provisional; experimental adjective tenuous thin; rare; slim adjective terse concise; abrupt; pithy adjective tirade extended scolding; denunciation noun torpid dormant; dull; lethargic adjective torpor lethargy; sluggishness; dormancy noun tortuous winding; full of curves adjective tractable docile adjective transgression violation of law; sin noun trepidation fear; trembling agitation noun trite hackneyed; commonplace adjective trivia trifles; unimportant matters noun V Vacillate waver; fluctuate verb venerate revere verb veracious truthful adjective verbose wordy adjective viable practical or workable; capable of maintaining life adjective vilify slander verb virtuoso highly skilled artist noun virulent extremely poisonous adjective vituperative abusive; scolding adjective vogue popular fashion noun volatile evaporating rapidly; lighthearted; mercurial adjective W warrant justify; authorize verb warranty guarantee; assurance by seller noun wary very cautious adjective welt mark from a beating or whipping noun ----------------------- Page 13----------------------- WORD MEANING Part of Speech whimsical capricious; fanciful; quaint adjec tive Z zealot fanatic; person who shows excessive zeal noun