HighLights EnergyCuring PDF

High lights!
Energy curing for

industrial coatings
and graphic arts
2
High lights!
BASF and energy curing 3
BASF and the efciency of energy curing resins and photoinitiators 4
Energy curable oligomers and reactive diluents for printing and packaging 5
Energy curable oligomers and reactive diluents for industrial coatings 6 - 9
Product technology overview
Laromer
oligomers
10 - 13
Laromer oligomers
Viscosity reactivity and hardness exibility
14 - 15
Laromer reactive diluents 17
Laromer reactive diluents
Viscosity - reactivity and hardness - exibility
18 - 19
Photoinitiators a key element of UV cure technology 20 - 21
Product technology and applications
Darocur
, Irgacure
, and Lucirin
photoinitiators
22 - 23
Absorption spectra of photoinitiators 24 - 25
Stabilizers and UV absorbers for energy curing
Tinuvin
, Lignostab
and Irgastab
26 - 29
UV-VIS absorbance spectra of UV absorbers 30
Table of contents
High lights!
3
Our commitment
Substantial investments in the development of new products,
testing methods and new high throughput screening techniques
for customer driven innovations is our commitment to helping our
customers succeed.
With our broad and unique product portfolio we aim to meet and
exceed the highest market demands. Through our innovative
excellence and research competence we set new standards and
market trends.
Depth provides quality, reliability and consistency
Widely integrated in the supply chain from the oil well to the nal
product, BASF is the Chemical Company. Customers benet from
our diverse products and capabilities that provide a secure supply
of high quality products, an advantage hard to nd anywhere else.
BASF puts continuous efforts into process improvements, new
processes and new production technologies to maintain or further
improve our high quality. Our customers can simply expect more
than the status quo.
The global reach within BASF creates a one-of-a-kind network
to share information and meet customer demands. With local
integration, we are familiar with regional needs, and our global
network helps nd solutions to local market demands. Our
manufacturing facilities can be found around the globe.
Prepared for REACH and GHS
Sustainable and ecological responsibility are key factors to help
preserve our standard of living. As a member of the ICCAs
Responsible Care
1
initiative, BASF is committed to ecological
sustainability. We support legislative authorities world-wide, in their
efforts to ensure the safety of our environment and human health.
We are prepared for new safety standards; BASF has implemented
REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals)
and GHS (Globally Harmonized System) guidelines in production
and supply chains. Our experts are available to consult with
customers and partners implementing new safety standards.
Innovation and services
By collaborating with our customers, BASF works to meet the
most demanding industry standards. We provide customers with
analytical, technical and supply chain services in a broad range of
industries to be your solution provider in:
printing and packaging
automotive and industrial coatings
furniture and ooring
adhesives
special applications
At BASF we are committed to helping our customers succeed.
Through collaboration of expert advice and in-depth knowledge of energy curable
processes, we can help improve your product properties in a broad range of
industries and applications. Our unique product portfolio of oligomers, reactive
diluents, photoinitiators, stabilizers, and UV absorbers are key to your energy
curing solutions.
BASF and energy curing
1
Responsible Care is a registered trademark of the American Chemistry Council.
4
High lights!
BASF and the efciency of energy curing
resins and photoinitiators
Introduction
In the past ve decades, coatings curable by electron-beam or
UV energy have expanded into new markets. Energy curable
technology is used in various applications and industries such
as printing and packaging, automotive and industrial coatings,
furniture and ooring, adhesives and special applications.
Advantages of this technology include:
Faster curing rates over conventional drying techniques
Low thermal stressing on substrates
Good adhesion to a wide range of substrates
Low energy consumption
High scratch and chemical resistance
Reduces the use of volatile organic solvents
Customized solution provider
BASF is constantly working on product developments to expand
the opportunities in the eld of energy curing. Together with our
customers and their value chain network, we are searching for
solutions to meet the market needs of today and the challenges
of tomorrow.
By working with our customers, BASF works to meet the most
demanding industry standards. Our technical marketing chemists
and engineers collaborate with formulators, equipment and
product-line manufacturers to help develop the best solutions for
your market requirements.
High lights!
5
Energy curable oligomers and
reactive diluents for printing and packaging
excellent very good good
Laromer
Inks
Offset Flexo Screen Digital OPV
Epoxy acrylate (aliphatic)
LR 8765 R
Epoxy acrylate (aromatic)
LR 8986
LR 9019
LR 9023
Polyester acrylate
PE 9024
PE 44 F
PE 9079
Urethane acrylate (aliphatic)
UA 19 T
UA 9033
Polyether acrylate
LR 8863
PO 43 F
LR 8967
LR 8982
Laromer
Inks
Offset Flexo Screen Digital OPV
Polyether acrylate (amine-modied, free of monomers)
PO 77 F
PO 94 F
LR 8996
Special energy curable
LR 9013 universal grinding resin
PO 9026 improve scratch resistance in OPVs and inks
PA 9039 improve adhesion to plastic and metal
Dual cure
LR 9000 adhesion primer on plastic substrates
Reactive diluent
DPGDA
HDDA
LR 8887
POEA
TBCH
TMPTA
TPGDA
6
High lights!
Energy curable oligomers and
reactive diluents for industrial coatings
Laromer
Furniture Flooring
Building
Products
General
Industrial
Trans-
portation
Adhesion Clear Pigmented Resistance Properties Attributes
Glass Metal Plastic Wood
Primer/
Sealer
Topcoat Primer Topcoat Abrasion Chemical Scratch Weathering Hardness Elasticity Reactivity
LR 8765 R
LR 8986
LR 9019
LR 9023
Polyester acrylate
PE 55 F
PE 56 F
PE 9024
PE 44 F
LR 8800
LR 8981
PE 9079
UA 19 T
LR 8987
UA 9033
UA 9047
UA 9072
High lights!
7
applies
superior excellent very good good
Laromer
Furniture Flooring
Building
Products
General
Industrial
Trans-
portation
Primer/
Sealer
LR 8765 R
LR 8986
LR 9019
LR 9023
Polyester acrylate
PE 55 F
PE 56 F
PE 9024
PE 44 F
LR 8800
LR 8981
PE 9079
UA 19 T
LR 8987
UA 9033
UA 9047
UA 9072
8
High lights!
Laromer
Furniture Flooring
Building
Products
General
Industrial
Trans-
portation
Primer/
Sealer
Polyether acrylate
LR 8863
PO 43 F
LR 8967
LR 8982
PO 77 F
PO 94 F
LR 8996
Water based
PE 22 WN
PE 55 WN
LR 8983
LR 9005
WA 9057
UA 9059
UP 35 D
LR 9013
PO 9026
PA 9039
PR 9052
Dual cure
LR 9000
Reactive diluent
DPGDA
HDDA
LR 8887
POEA
TBCH
TMPTA
TPGDA
High lights!
9
Laromer
Furniture Flooring
Building
Products
General
Industrial
Trans-
portation
Primer/
Sealer
Polyether acrylate
LR 8863
PO 43 F
LR 8967
LR 8982
PO 77 F
PO 94 F
LR 8996
Water based
PE 22 WN
PE 55 WN
LR 8983
LR 9005
WA 9057
UA 9059
UP 35 D
LR 9013
PO 9026
PA 9039
PR 9052
Dual cure
LR 9000
Reactive diluent
DPGDA
HDDA
LR 8887
POEA
TBCH
TMPTA
TPGDA
applies
10
High lights!
Product technology overview
Laromer
oligomers
Laromer
* Type of Resin Diluent

(content)
Calculated
Functionality
Calculated
Relative Molar
Mass (g/mol)
Viscosity
@ 23C
(cps)
Hydroxyl Value
(approximately
mg KOH/g)
Hardness Elasticity Reactivity Chemical
Resistance
Descriptions
Epoxy acrylate
LR 8765 R aliphatic 2.0 330 600 - 1,200 330 Partially water-soluble, exible, and highly reactive.
LR 8986 aromatic 2.4 510 3,000 - 6,000 170 Low viscosity, free of diluents, and resistant to chemicals.
LR 9019 aromatic 2.4 580 15,000 - 25,000 175 Very highly reactive and resistant to chemicals.
LR 9023 aromatic DPGDA (15%) 2.4 480 2,000 - 5,000 150 Diluted version of LR 9019.
Polyester acrylate
PE 55 F 3.1 750 25,000 - 45,000 70 Well balanced properties, leads to a tough lm.
PE 56 F 3.1 750 20,000 - 40,000 70 Better compatibility with reactive diluents compared to PE 55 F.
PE 9024 2.6 1,100 10,000 - 30,000 70 Compatible with nitrocellulose.
PE 44 F 3.0 940 2,000 - 5,000 80 Free of diluents, low viscosity, low odor, and exible.
LR 8800 3.0 900 4,000 - 8,000 80 Hard, resistant to chemicals, and low odor.
LR 8981 3.0 1,300 4,000 - 14,000 80 Very highly reactive, exible, with good sanding properties.
PE 9079 3.4
2,000 - 4,000
@ 60C
50 Highly viscous, pronounced elasticity and toughness.
Urethane acrylate
UA 19 T aliphatic TPGDA (35%) 2.0 950 14,000 - 32,000 10
Low yellowing and exible at room temperature and
temperatures below 0C.
LR 8987 aliphatic HDDA (30%) 2.3 580 4,000 - 6,000 11 Scratch and weather resistant for outdoor applications.
UA 9033 aliphatic LR 8887 (30%) 1.7 1,230 15,000 - 25,000 6 Highly exible, highly reactive, and good adhesion.
UA 9047 aliphatic
butyl acetate
(20%)
> 6.0 2,000 - 7,000 10
Physical drying, best performance when UV cured at high
temperature.
UA 9072 aliphatic TBCH (30%) 1.7
2,000 - 15,000
@ 60C
6 Extremely exible, best strain-stress behavior.
* All products registered with EINECS and TSCA. All other countries, please contact your BASF representative.
High lights!
11
Laromer

(content)
Calculated
Functionality
Calculated
Relative Molar
Mass (g/mol)
Viscosity
@ 23C
(cps)
Hydroxyl Value
(approximately
mg KOH/g)
Resistance
Descriptions
Epoxy acrylate
LR 8765 R aliphatic 2.0 330 600 - 1,200 330 Partially water-soluble, exible, and highly reactive.
LR 8986 aromatic 2.4 510 3,000 - 6,000 170 Low viscosity, free of diluents, and resistant to chemicals.
LR 9019 aromatic 2.4 580 15,000 - 25,000 175 Very highly reactive and resistant to chemicals.
LR 9023 aromatic DPGDA (15%) 2.4 480 2,000 - 5,000 150 Diluted version of LR 9019.
Polyester acrylate
PE 55 F 3.1 750 25,000 - 45,000 70 Well balanced properties, leads to a tough lm.
PE 56 F 3.1 750 20,000 - 40,000 70 Better compatibility with reactive diluents compared to PE 55 F.
PE 9024 2.6 1,100 10,000 - 30,000 70 Compatible with nitrocellulose.
PE 44 F 3.0 940 2,000 - 5,000 80 Free of diluents, low viscosity, low odor, and exible.
LR 8800 3.0 900 4,000 - 8,000 80 Hard, resistant to chemicals, and low odor.
LR 8981 3.0 1,300 4,000 - 14,000 80 Very highly reactive, exible, with good sanding properties.
PE 9079 3.4
2,000 - 4,000
@ 60C
50 Highly viscous, pronounced elasticity and toughness.
Urethane acrylate
UA 19 T aliphatic TPGDA (35%) 2.0 950 14,000 - 32,000 10
Low yellowing and exible at room temperature and
temperatures below 0C.
LR 8987 aliphatic HDDA (30%) 2.3 580 4,000 - 6,000 11 Scratch and weather resistant for outdoor applications.
UA 9033 aliphatic LR 8887 (30%) 1.7 1,230 15,000 - 25,000 6 Highly exible, highly reactive, and good adhesion.
UA 9047 aliphatic
butyl acetate
(20%)
> 6.0 2,000 - 7,000 10
Physical drying, best performance when UV cured at high
temperature.
UA 9072 aliphatic TBCH (30%) 1.7
2,000 - 15,000
@ 60C
6 Extremely exible, best strain-stress behavior.
12
High lights!
Laromer

(content)
Calculated
Functionality
Calculated
Relative Molar
Mass (g/mol)
Viscosity
@ 23C
(cps)
Hydroxyl Value
(approximately
mg KOH/g)
Resistance
Descriptions
Polyether acrylate
LR 8863
ethoxylated
TMP-triacrylate
3.0 450 50 - 100 10 Low viscosity, low yellowing, and low odor diluent.
PO 43 F 2.4 430 200 - 400 100 All-purpose resin, resistant to chemicals.
LR 8967 2.6 380 120 - 190 50 Low viscosity version of PO 43 F, good surface cure.
LR 8982 2.7 600 150 - 300 70 Partially water-soluble, spray viscosity adjustable.
PO 77 F 2.9 690 1,000 - 3,000 120 Very highly reactive, versatile resin, good sanding properties.
PO 94 F 3.5 750 300 - 600 55 Very high reactivity and good pigment wetting.
LR 8996 2.9 480 50 - 90 30 High reactivity, very low in color and viscosity.
Water based
PE 22 WN polyester acrylate water (50%) 2.2 700 150 - 500 Hard, resistant to chemicals, with good sanding properties.
PE 55 WN polyester acrylate water (50%) 2.2 700 250 - 650 Flexible, easy to matte, well balanced properties.
LR 8983
aromatic urethane
acrylate dispersion
water (60%) 0.7 10,000 50 - 300 Excellent physical drying properties, easy to formulate.
LR 9005
aromatic urethane
acrylate dispersion
water (60%) 2.0 5,000 20 - 250 Excellent hardness and resistance to chemicals.
WA 9057
acrylated acrylic
emulsion
water (60%) 10 - 200
Good chemical and scratch resistance, excellent block
resistance.
UA 9059
aliphatic urethane
acrylate
water (30%) 1.8 6,000 - 11,000
Excellent adhesion on wood, very exible, excellent coin-test
results.
UP 35 D unsaturated polyester DPGDA (45%) 3.5 950 3,000 - 6,000
Low yellowing, good chemical resistance and sanding
properties.
LR 9013
modied polyether
acrylate
1.5 1,700 45,000 - 70,000 25 Excellent pigment wetting properties, low in shrinkage.
PO 9026
nano-modied
polyether acrylate
1.5 450 600 - 1,500
Contains 50% non-crystalline nano-silica, very scratch
resistant.
PA 9039 adhesion promoter 1.5 350 300 - 600 Leads to good adhesion on different substrates.
PR 9052 polyester resin TMPTA (60%) 3.7 800 4,000 - 8,000
Best Taber** Abrader (S33/S42) resistance in combination with
aluminum oxide.
Dual cure
LR 9000 isocyanato acrylate 2 + 2 NCO 1,000 - 1,400 Contains NCO- and UV-reactive groups within one molecule.
High lights!
13
Laromer

(content)
Calculated
Functionality
Calculated
Relative Molar
Mass (g/mol)
Viscosity
@ 23C
(cps)
Hydroxyl Value
(approximately
mg KOH/g)
Resistance
Descriptions
Polyether acrylate
LR 8863
ethoxylated
TMP-triacrylate
3.0 450 50 - 100 10 Low viscosity, low yellowing, and low odor diluent.
PO 43 F 2.4 430 200 - 400 100 All-purpose resin, resistant to chemicals.
LR 8967 2.6 380 120 - 190 50 Low viscosity version of PO 43 F, good surface cure.
LR 8982 2.7 600 150 - 300 70 Partially water-soluble, spray viscosity adjustable.
PO 77 F 2.9 690 1,000 - 3,000 120 Very highly reactive, versatile resin, good sanding properties.
PO 94 F 3.5 750 300 - 600 55 Very high reactivity and good pigment wetting.
LR 8996 2.9 480 50 - 90 30 High reactivity, very low in color and viscosity.
Water based
PE 22 WN polyester acrylate water (50%) 2.2 700 150 - 500 Hard, resistant to chemicals, with good sanding properties.
PE 55 WN polyester acrylate water (50%) 2.2 700 250 - 650 Flexible, easy to matte, well balanced properties.
LR 8983
aromatic urethane
acrylate dispersion
water (60%) 0.7 10,000 50 - 300 Excellent physical drying properties, easy to formulate.
LR 9005
aromatic urethane
acrylate dispersion
water (60%) 2.0 5,000 20 - 250 Excellent hardness and resistance to chemicals.
WA 9057
acrylated acrylic
emulsion
water (60%) 10 - 200
Good chemical and scratch resistance, excellent block
resistance.
UA 9059
aliphatic urethane
acrylate
water (30%) 1.8 6,000 - 11,000
Excellent adhesion on wood, very exible, excellent coin-test
results.
UP 35 D unsaturated polyester DPGDA (45%) 3.5 950 3,000 - 6,000
Low yellowing, good chemical resistance and sanding
properties.
LR 9013
modied polyether
acrylate
1.5 1,700 45,000 - 70,000 25 Excellent pigment wetting properties, low in shrinkage.
PO 9026
nano-modied
polyether acrylate
1.5 450 600 - 1,500
Contains 50% non-crystalline nano-silica, very scratch
resistant.
PA 9039 adhesion promoter 1.5 350 300 - 600 Leads to good adhesion on different substrates.
PR 9052 polyester resin TMPTA (60%) 3.7 800 4,000 - 8,000
Best Taber** Abrader (S33/S42) resistance in combination with
aluminum oxide.
Dual cure
LR 9000 isocyanato acrylate 2 + 2 NCO 1,000 - 1,400 Contains NCO- and UV-reactive groups within one molecule.
** Taber is a registered trademark of Taber Industries.
14
High lights!
Laromer
oligomers
Viscosity reactivity / all products were cured with 1 UV lamp 120 W/cm. Photoinitiator: 4% Irgacure
500
PO 77 F
LR 8981
LR 9019
LR 9023
LR 8987
UA 9047
WA 9057
UA 9059
PA 9039
PE 22 WN
LR 8983
LR 8863
LR 9005
PO 43 F
LR 8982
LR 8967
PO 9026
PR 9052
LR 8800
LR 8986
UP 35 D
LR 8765 R
PE 44 F
PE 56 F
PE 55 F
UA 9033
PE 9024
UA 19 T
LR 9013
PE 55 WN
LR 8996
PO 94 F
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
1,000,000
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
1
viscosity [cps]
reactivity [m/min]
epoxy acrylate
amine-modified polyether acrylate
polyester acrylate water based
special energy curable
urethane acrylate polyether acrylate
UA 9072
PE 9079
High lights!
15
Hardness exibility / all products were cured 5 x 5 m/min. with 1 UV lamp 120 W/cm. Photoinitiator: 4% Irgacure
500
UA 9047
PA 9039
PR 9052
LR 8863
PO 9026
LR 8967
PO 43 F
LR 8986
PE 22 WN
LR 9019
UP 35 D
PO 94 F
LR 8996
LR 8765 R
PO 77 F
PE 44 F
LR 8981
PE 55 F
PE 56 F
PE 55 WN
PE 9024
UA 19 T
LR 9005
LR 8983
LR 9023
LR 8982
LR 9013
PE 9079
UA 9059
LR 8800
UA 9033
LR 8987
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Erichsen indentation [mm]
pendulum hardness [oscillations]
epoxy acrylate
amine-modified polyether acrylate
polyester acrylate water based
special energy curable
urethane acrylate polyether acrylate
WA 9057
UA 9072
16
High lights!
Laromer
reactive diluents
Product* CAS Number Molar Mass
(approximately
g/mol)
Density
@ 25C
(g/cm
3
)
Level of
Stabilizer
(ppm MeHQ)
APHA Color
(max.)
Viscosity
@ 23C
(cps)
Laromer DPGDA
Dipropyleneglycol
Diacrylate
57472-68-1 240 1.05 350 50 150 8
Laromer HDDA
Hexanediol
Diacrylate
13048-33-4 230 1.02 200 50 150 6
Laromer LR 8887
Trimethylolpropaneformal
Monoacrylate
66492-51-1 200 1.09 1,000 100 200 40
Laromer POEA
Phenoxyethyl
Acrylate
48145-04-6 190 1.10 200 50 70 8
Laromer TBCH
4-t-Butylcyclohexyl
Acrylate
84100-23-2 210 0.94 200 50 100 9
Laromer TMPTA
Trimethylolpropane
Triacrylate
15625-89-5 300 1.10 200 50 70 130
Laromer TPGDA
Tripropyleneglycol
Diacrylate
42978-66-5 300 1.04 350 50 70 11
High lights!
17
18
High lights!
Laromer
reactive diluents
Viscosity reactivity / formulation: 70 parts Laromer
PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure
500
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
T
M
P
T
A
H
D
D
A
T
P
G
D
A
D
P
G
D
A
P
O
E
A
L
R

8
8
8
7
T
B
C
H
viscosity [cps]
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
reactivity [m/min]
High lights!
19
Hardness exibility / formulation: 70 parts Laromer
PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure
500
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
pendulum hardness Erichsen indentation [mm]
T
M
P
T
A
H
D
D
A
T
P
G
D
A
D
P
G
D
A
P
O
E
A
L
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8
8
8
7
T
B
C
H
20
High lights!
Perfect partner for UV curable resins
Selecting the correct photoinitiator or photoinitiator combination
is critical to achieve the desired curing speed and balance of
properties.
UV cured inks are used for a variety of lithographic, exographic,
digital, and screen printing applications. These inks can present
special formulation challenges due to their pigmentation and need
for tightly controlled viscosity. To solve this problem, BASF offers
several photoinitiators such as Irgacure
369 and Irgacure 379

with strong absorption at longer wavelengths in the UV region.
They are very effective in curing cyan and black inks and may be
used alone or in combination with sensitizers.
Generally a photoinitiator concentration of 1 - 5% is suggested
with ladder studies to optimize the formulation in terms of
reactivity. Irgacure 369 may impart color to the ink due to the
absorption of visible light. This makes it less preferable for white,
pastel and other light color inks. For this segment, a photoinitiator
of the bisacyl phosphine oxide (BAPO) class is suggested.
Irgacure 819 shows high reactivity due to a long wavelength
absorption in combination with efcient photobleaching.
For UV cured coatings, products of the alpha hydroxy ketone
family (Irgacure 184, Irgacure 2959, and Darocur
1173) are
preferred as part of a photoinitiator package when curing
unpigmented clear coatings or for surface curing in highly
UV curing is a rapidly growing technology within coatings, printing and packaging,
adhesives and electronic materials. UV curing systems have dramatically increased
line speeds and become environmentally friendly coatings.
Photoinitiators a key element
of UV cure technology
High lights!
21
pigmented systems. For through curing of thicker sections and
for highly pigmented systems, an acyl phospine oxide type of
photoinitiator such as the BAPO or monoacyl phospine oxide
(MAPO) families is suggested. BAPO-type photoinitiators are
designed to be activated by a longer wavelength UV light in
the near visible region above 400 nm. Light of this wavelength
penetrates deeper into the lower layers of the coating, thus
enabling the through curing desired.
Moreover, BAPO-type photoinitiators also allow UV absorbers
to be formulated into the coating for improved outdoor
durability. In addition to excellent through-cure properties, BAPO
phototinitiators photobleach after UV exposure to give a clean
white appearance in contrast to an off-white color associated with
other long wavelength absorption photoinitiators.
Shorter wavelength light, around 230 nm, is of higher photon
energy but is less penetrating than that of longer wavelengths.
Light of shorter wavelength is particularly useful for surface curing.
Selection of the best individual photoinitiator or combination
depends on a number of variables including the chemistry of the
resin system (UPES, epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate), selection
of monomers, UV lamp type and orientation, curing speed
required, coating properties, substrate and more.
22
High lights!
Product technology and applications
Darocur
, Irgacure
, and Lucirin
photoinitiators
Product
Physical
Form
Solubility (%)
Industrial Coatings Printing & Packaging Specialty
Wood Top &
Intermediate
Coat
Wood
Fillers
Top Coats on
Plastic & Metal
UV Coatings Inks
OPV
Printing Plates
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m
)
Alpha amino ketone
Irgacure 369 solid 11 5 6
Irgacure 379 solid 30 24
Alpha hydroxy ketone
Darocur 1173 liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Irgacure 184 solid > 50 > 50 43
Irgacure 2959 solid 3 < 1 5
Alpha hydroxy ketone/Acyl phospine oxide
Darocur 4265 liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Irgacure 2022 liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Alpha hydroxy ketone/Benzophenone
Acyl phosphine oxide
Irgacure 819-DW liquid
Lucirin TPO solid 25 20 15
Lucirin TPO-L liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Benzyldimethyl ketal
Irgacure 651 solid > 50 30 32
Benzophenone
Darocur BP solid > 50 40 37
Cationic
Irgacure 250 liquid > 50
Irgacure 270 solid 7 (in acetone)
Irgacure 290 solid 20
Metallocene
Phenylglyoxylate
Darocur MBF liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
High lights!
23
Product
Physical
Form
Solubility (%)
Industrial Coatings Printing & Packaging Specialty
Wood Top &
Intermediate
Coat
Wood
Fillers
Top Coats on
Plastic & Metal
UV Coatings Inks
OPV
Printing Plates
F
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Photocuring
W
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-
b
a
s
e
d

U
V
X
i
-

&

X
n
-
f
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,

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-
b
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e
L
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o
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e
r

H
D
D
A
L
a
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o
m
e
r

T
P
G
D
A
U
P
E
S

A
c
r
y
l
a
t
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d

C
l
e
a
r

P
i
g
m
e
n
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e
d

P
o
w
d
e
r
S
t
a
b
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l
i
z
e
d

C
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e
a
r
O
f
f
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e
t
S
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e
e
n
F
l
e
x
o

&

D
i
g
i
t
a
l
Flexo
Laser
Direct
Imaging
Offset
C
a
t
i
o
n
i
c

T
h
i
c
k

S
e
c
t
i
o
n
s

L
E
D

(
3
9
5

n
m
)
Alpha amino ketone
Irgacure 379 solid 30 24
Alpha hydroxy ketone
Darocur 1173 liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Irgacure 184 solid > 50 > 50 43
Irgacure 2959 solid 3 < 1 5
Alpha hydroxy ketone/Acyl phospine oxide
Darocur 4265 liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Alpha hydroxy ketone/Benzophenone
Acyl phosphine oxide
Irgacure 819-DW liquid
Lucirin TPO solid 25 20 15
Lucirin TPO-L liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
Benzyldimethyl ketal
Irgacure 651 solid > 50 30 32
Benzophenone
Darocur BP solid > 50 40 37
Cationic
Irgacure 250 liquid > 50
Irgacure 270 solid 7 (in acetone)
Irgacure 290 solid 20
Metallocene
Phenylglyoxylate
Darocur MBF liquid > 50 > 50 > 50
co-initiator potential use applies
24
High lights!
wavelength [nm]
200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Irgacure
184 Darocur
2959 Darocur
1173
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
wavelength [nm]
200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Irgacure
369 Irgacure
907 Irgacure
379
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
wavelength [nm]
300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Irgacure
819 Irgacure
2100 Lucirin
TPO Lucirin
TPO-L
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
Absorption spectra of photoinitiators
Alpha hydroxy ketone photoinitiators 0.001% in acetonitrile
Alpha amino ketone photoinitiators 0.001% in acetonitrile
Acyl phosphine oxide photoinitiators 0.1% in acetonitrile
High lights!
25
wavelength [nm]
200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Darocur
MBF Irgacure
754 Irgacure
500
Darocur
BP Irgacure
651
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
wavelength [nm]
200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400
Irgacure
250 Irgacure
270
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
Classical photoinitiators 0.001% in acetonitrile Cationic photoinitiators 0.05% in acetonitrile
26
High lights!
Stabilizers and UV absorbers for energy curing
Tinuvin
, Lignostab
and Irgastab
Note: For EB cure applications, use light stabilizer packages as needed.

For UV cure applications, please contact your BASF representative to assist with photoinitiator and light stabilizer package optimization.
*Cellosolve and Carbitol are trademarks of The Dow Chemical Company.
**Texanol is a trademark of the Eastman Chemical Company.
Product
Physical
Form
Melting
Range
(C)
Solubility/Miscibility
@ 20C (g/100g)
Industrial Coatings
Printing &
Packaging
Specialty
Descriptions
m
i
n
e
r
a
l

s
p
i
r
i
t

/

t
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a
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l
o
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i
n
g
C
e
m
e
n
t
i
t
o
u
s

S
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l

I
n
d
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
A
u
t
o
m
o
t
i
v
e

a
n
d

T
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
D
i
g
i
t
a
l

I
n
k
s
O
P
V
A
d
h
e
s
i
v
e
s
S
e
a
l
a
n
t
s
Hindered amine light stabilizers
Tinuvin 123 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
Amino-ether HALS that minimizes defects such as cracking and gloss reduction in clear coats and
chalking in pigmented paints. Especially useful for acid catalyzed resins.
Tinuvin 152 solid 83 - 90
> 70
na
> 75
na
> 70
na
< 0.01 A high performance HALS that signicantly improves coating durability.
Tinuvin 292 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
HALS that provides signicantly extended lifetime to systems by minimizing defects such as cracking and gloss
reduction.
Tinuvin 622 SF solid 50 - 70
na
15
na
3.0
1.6
mg/l
HALS that is an effective antioxidant that contributes to long term heat stability of polyolens and tackier
resins.
2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-Benzotriazole
Tinuvin 99-2 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UV absorber that allows efcient protection of light sensitive substrates.
Tinuvin 384-2 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 30
> 30
> 30
na
> 50
> 50
> 30
< 0.01
UV absorber with a very high thermal stability and environmental permanence for coatings exposed to high
bake cycles or extreme environmental conditions.
> 50
na
30
na
> 30
30
10
9.5
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides efcient protection to high performance coating applications and light sensitive
substrates.
Tinuvin 1130 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 A versatile UV absorber with excellent spectral coverage in the UVB and UVA range.
2-Hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine
Tinuvin 400 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
UV absorber for high performance and durability needs of waterborne, solventborne, and 100% solids
applications.
20
na
25
na
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides superior protection to coatings and light sensitive substrates that are subject to
extreme processing conditions and light exposure.
na
5.7
4.3
3.2
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides outstanding protection to systems and light sensitive substrates and materials
in ultra thin coating applications.
Tinuvin 477 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UV absorber for solventborne and liquid UV curable coatings.
17
na
< 0.01 UV absorber that provides excellent performance in thin lm applications and very high photostability.
High lights!
27
applies
Product
Physical
Form
Melting
Range
(C)
@ 20C (g/100g)
Industrial Coatings
Printing &
Packaging
Specialty
Descriptions
m
i
n
e
r
a
l

s
p
i
r
i
t

/

t
o
l
u
e
n
e
x
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l
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e

/

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l

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*

a
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e

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C
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l
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s
o
l
v
e
*

a
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b
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l

C
a
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b
i
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l
*

/

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e
x
a
n
o
l
*
*
w
a
t
e
r
F
u
r
n
i
t
u
r
e

a
n
d

F
l
o
o
r
i
n
g
C
e
m
e
n
t
i
t
o
u
s

S
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l

I
n
d
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
A
u
t
o
m
o
t
i
v
e

a
n
d

T
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
D
i
g
i
t
a
l

I
n
k
s
O
P
V
A
d
h
e
s
i
v
e
s
S
e
a
l
a
n
t
s
Hindered amine light stabilizers
Tinuvin 123 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
Amino-ether HALS that minimizes defects such as cracking and gloss reduction in clear coats and
chalking in pigmented paints. Especially useful for acid catalyzed resins.
> 70
na
> 75
na
> 70
na
< 0.01 A high performance HALS that signicantly improves coating durability.
Tinuvin 292 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
HALS that provides signicantly extended lifetime to systems by minimizing defects such as cracking and gloss
reduction.
Tinuvin 622 SF solid 50 - 70
na
15
na
3.0
1.6
mg/l
HALS that is an effective antioxidant that contributes to long term heat stability of polyolens and tackier
resins.
2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-Benzotriazole
Tinuvin 99-2 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UV absorber that allows efcient protection of light sensitive substrates.
Tinuvin 384-2 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 30
> 30
> 30
na
> 50
> 50
> 30
< 0.01
UV absorber with a very high thermal stability and environmental permanence for coatings exposed to high
bake cycles or extreme environmental conditions.
> 50
na
30
na
> 30
30
10
9.5
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides efcient protection to high performance coating applications and light sensitive
substrates.
Tinuvin 1130 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 A versatile UV absorber with excellent spectral coverage in the UVB and UVA range.
2-Hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine
Tinuvin 400 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
UV absorber for high performance and durability needs of waterborne, solventborne, and 100% solids
applications.
20
na
25
na
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides superior protection to coatings and light sensitive substrates that are subject to
extreme processing conditions and light exposure.
na
5.7
4.3
3.2
< 0.01
UV absorber that provides outstanding protection to systems and light sensitive substrates and materials
in ultra thin coating applications.
Tinuvin 477 liquid
na
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UV absorber for solventborne and liquid UV curable coatings.
17
na
< 0.01 UV absorber that provides excellent performance in thin lm applications and very high photostability.
28
High lights!
Product
Physical
Form
Melting
Range
(C)
@ 20C (g/100g)
Industrial Coatings
Printing &
Packaging
Specialty
Descriptions
m
i
n
e
r
a
l

s
p
i
r
i
t

/

t
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l
u
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*
*
w
a
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i
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e

a
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d

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r
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n
g
C
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S
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t
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a
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e
s
G
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a
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e

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d

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s
p
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a
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D
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I
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k
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a
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t
s
NEAT (Novel Encapsulated Additive Technology)
Tinuvin
99-DW liquid Solvent-free, UV absorber that permits formulation of low/zero VOC coatings.
Tinuvin 123-DW liquid Solvent-free, non-basic amino-ether HALS that permits formulation of low/zero VOC coatings.
Tinuvin 400-DW liquid
Encapsulated UV absorber with high extinction in the UVB range for high performance applications and/or
low/zero VOC water-based formulations.
Tinuvin 477-DW liquid UV absorber that permits formulating low/zero VOC coatings with excellent photopermanence.
Blends
Tinuvin 5050 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
A versatile liquid UVA/HALS blend with high thermal stability suitable for water-based or solvent-based
coatings exposed to high bake temperatures or extreme environmental temperatures.
Tinuvin 5060 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UVA/HALS blend that provides excellent photoprotection and enables formulating with acidic materials.
Tinuvin 5151 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
Amino-ether HALS that minimizes interaction with acidic materials and improves coating resistance to
cracking and gloss reduction.
Tinuvin 5248 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 A high performance UVA/HALS blend.
Tinuvin 5333-DW liquid Aqueous UVA/HALS blend with high active content for waterborne and waterborne UV coatings.
Tinuvin 5866 solid
na
13
@ 25C
na
9
@ 25C
A multicomponent HALS blend designed for silicone-based sealants.
In-can stabilizers
Lignostab
1198 solid 69 - 71
> 20
na
> 20
na
> 20
na
> 20
na
22
Used as an in-can stabilizer that inhibits early polymerization in UV curable ink and coating formulations,
as well as a wood photostabilizing additive.
Irgastab
UV 22 liquid An in-can stabilizer that inhibits early polymerization in UV curable ink and coating formulations.
High lights!
29
Product
Physical
Form
Melting
Range
(C)
@ 20C (g/100g)
Industrial Coatings
Printing &
Packaging
Specialty
Descriptions
m
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a
l

s
p
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/

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a
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I
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s
NEAT (Novel Encapsulated Additive Technology)
Tinuvin
99-DW liquid Solvent-free, UV absorber that permits formulation of low/zero VOC coatings.
Tinuvin 123-DW liquid Solvent-free, non-basic amino-ether HALS that permits formulation of low/zero VOC coatings.
Tinuvin 400-DW liquid
Encapsulated UV absorber with high extinction in the UVB range for high performance applications and/or
low/zero VOC water-based formulations.
Tinuvin 477-DW liquid UV absorber that permits formulating low/zero VOC coatings with excellent photopermanence.
Blends
Tinuvin 5050 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
A versatile liquid UVA/HALS blend with high thermal stability suitable for water-based or solvent-based
coatings exposed to high bake temperatures or extreme environmental temperatures.
Tinuvin 5060 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 UVA/HALS blend that provides excellent photoprotection and enables formulating with acidic materials.
Tinuvin 5151 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01
Amino-ether HALS that minimizes interaction with acidic materials and improves coating resistance to
cracking and gloss reduction.
Tinuvin 5248 liquid
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
> 50
< 0.01 A high performance UVA/HALS blend.
Tinuvin 5333-DW liquid Aqueous UVA/HALS blend with high active content for waterborne and waterborne UV coatings.
Tinuvin 5866 solid
na
13
@ 25C
na
9
@ 25C
A multicomponent HALS blend designed for silicone-based sealants.
In-can stabilizers
Lignostab
1198 solid 69 - 71
> 20
na
> 20
na
> 20
na
> 20
na
22
Used as an in-can stabilizer that inhibits early polymerization in UV curable ink and coating formulations,
as well as a wood photostabilizing additive.
Irgastab
UV 22 liquid An in-can stabilizer that inhibits early polymerization in UV curable ink and coating formulations.
applies
30
High lights!
UV-VIS absorbance spectra of UV absorbers
2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-Benzotriazole NEAT
2-Hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine Blends
Tinuvin
384-2 Tinuvin
99-2
Tinuvin
928 Tinuvin
1130
1.0
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
wavelength / nm
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e

/

A
U
290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430
spectra were recorded with 20 mg/l in toluene, path = 1 cm
Tinuvin
5248
Tinuvin
5151 Tinuvin
5050 Tinuvin
5060
wavelength / nm
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e

/

A
U
290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430
1.5
1.25
1.0
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
Tinuvin
99-DW Tinuvin
400-DW Tinuvin
477-DW
wavelength / nm
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e

/

A
U
290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430
spectra were recorded with 100 mg/l
in 80:20 THF: toluene, path = 1 cm
1.5
1.25
1.0
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
Tinuvin
460 Tinuvin
477 Tinuvin
479
wavelength / nm
290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e

/

A
U
Tinuvin
400 Tinuvin
405
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
High lights!
31
Contacts
United States & Canada
BASF Corporation
Resins & Performance Additives
1609 Biddle Avenue
Wyandotte, MI 48192
USA
Tel.: 800 231-7868
Fax: 800 392-7429
polyorders@basf.com
basf.us/dpsolutions
Mexico
BASF Mexicana S.A. de C.V.
Av. Insurgentes Sur 975
Col. Ciudad de los Deportes
03710 Mexico, D.F.
Mexico
Tel.: 52-55-5325-2756
Fax: 52-55-5723-3011
WHILE THE DESCRIPTIONS, DESIGNS, DATA AND INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN ARE PRESENTED IN GOOD FAITH AND BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE,
THEY ARE PROVIDED FOR GUIDANCE ONLY. BECAUSE MANY FACTORS MAY AFFECT PROCESSING OR APPLICATION/USE, BASF RECOMMENDS THAT THE
READER MAKE TESTS TO DETERMINE THE SUITABILITY OF A PRODUCT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE PRIOR TO USE. NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND,
EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
ARE MADE REGARDING PRODUCTS DESCRIBED OR DESIGNS, DATA OR INFORMATION SET FORTH, OR THAT THE PRODUCTS, DESCRIPTIONS, DESIGNS,
DATA OR INFORMATION MAY BE USED WITHOUT INFRINGING THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF OTHERS. IN NO CASE SHALL THE DESCRIPTIONS,
INFORMATION, DATA OR DESIGNS PROVIDED BE CONSIDERED A PART OF BASFS TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE. FURTHER, THE DESCRIPTIONS, DESIGNS,
DATA, AND INFORMATION FURNISHED BY BASF HEREUNDER ARE GIVEN GRATIS AND BASF ASSUMES NO OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY FOR THE DESCRIPTIONS,
DESIGNS, DATA OR INFORMATION GIVEN OR RESULTS OBTAINED, ALL SUCH BEING GIVEN AND ACCEPTED AT THE READERS RISK.
= registered trademark of the BASF Group
2012 BASF, Wyandotte, MI 48192. All rights reserved.
BF-9684 rev 03/12
About BASF
BASF Corporation, headquartered in Florham Park, New Jersey, is the North
American afliate of BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. BASF has more than
16,000 employees in North America, and had sales of $19.9 billion in 2011.
For more information about BASFs North American operations, visit www.
basf.us.
BASF is the worlds leading chemical company: The Chemical Company. Its
portfolio ranges from chemicals, plastics, performance products and crop
protection products to oil and gas. We combine economic success, social
responsibility and environmental protection. Through science and innovation
we enable our customers in almost all industries to meet the current and
future needs of society. Our products and system solutions contribute to
conserving resources, ensuring healthy food and nutrition and helping to
improve the quality of life. We have summed up this contribution in our
corporate purpose: We create chemistry for a sustainable future. BASF
posted sales of about 73.5 billion in 2011 and had more than 111,000
employees as of the end of the year. Further information on BASF is
available on the Internet at www.basf.com.

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High lights!

Energy curing for

* Type of Resin Diluent

* Type of Resin Diluent

* Type of Resin Diluent

* Type of Resin Diluent

PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure

PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure

369 and Irgacure 379

Note: For EB cure applications, use light stabilizer packages as needed.

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