Document 1

The Lines Plan Report

Devi Hotnauli Samosir
4212101022




















Marine
Engineering
ME091323 Ship General Arrangement
ME091363 Ship Machinery Plants / Engine Room Layout
EDUCATE ENHANCE EMPOWER
Rev. 0 Feb 2014

Preface
Gratitude belongs only to Almighty God, who has given his affection to the author for taking
the time to complete the report of Ship General Arrangement (ME 091323) titled The Lines Plan
Report.
This report is made to complete the project of Ship General Arrangement (ME 091323)
Double Degree Marine Engineering, Fakultas Teknologi Kelautan, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh
Nopember Surabaya of 2013/2014 periode.
In making this report the authors also thank those who have assisted and helped in the
completion of this paper, especially for:
1. Dad and mom, who is give a fully support to complete this project.
2. Ir. Dwi Priyanta as a lecturer that give guidance and referrals in lectures nor performing
tasks.
3. Brothers and sisters in Marine Engineering who is sharing an important information and
helping to complete this project.
4. The others that I cannot mention
The authors are aware that this report is still far from perfect. Therefore, the authors
expect criticism and suggestion either in writing or orally. Finally the authors hope that this report
can be useful for the others.
Surabaya, 17th January 2014

Writer














Contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................... 2
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 General View of Container Ships ........................................................................................... 4
1.1.1 Cargo Spaces in Container Ships ..................................................................................... 5
1.1.2 Types of containers ........................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Sister ship ................................................................................................................................... 6





1. INTRODUCTION
In this book its described about what is the container ship
1.1 General View of Container Ships
Container ships are cargo ships that carry all of their load in truck-size intermodal
containers, in a technique called containerization. The container ships are subclasses to geared or
gearless (as per cargo-handling type), freighter or pure container (as per passenger carrier-type),
feeder or world wide foreign going vessel (as per trade), and the last is panama or post-panamas
vessel( as per breadth of vessel than 32,2 m respectively. The container ships were built in 1956
and still produce until now. Container ships using diesel engine for its propulsion and the velocity
for container ships are 21 until 25 knots (38.9-46.3 km/h). Container ship capacity up to 18.270
Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (TEU).
There are two main types of dry cargo: bulk cargo and break bulk cargo. Bulk cargoes, like grain or
coal are transported unpackaged in the hull of the ship, generally in large volume. Break-bulk
cargoes on the other hand are transported in packages and are generally manufactured goods.
Before the advent of containerization in the 1950s, break-bulk items were loaded, lashed, unlashed
and unloaded from the ship one piece at a time. There are several key points in the design of
modern container ships. The hull, similar to bulk carriers and general cargo ships, is built around
strong keel. Into this frame is set one or more below-deck cargo holds, numerous tanks, and the
engine room. The holds are topped by hatch cover, onto which more containers can be stacked.
Many container ships have cargo cranes installed on them, and some have specialized system for
securing containers on board. Container ships are distinguished into seven major size categories :
small feeder, feeder, feeder-max, panama, post-panamas, new panama and ultra-large.
As of December 2012, there are 161 container ships in the VLCS class (Very Large Container Ships,
more than 10.000 TEU) and 51 ports in the world can accommodate them. The size of a panama
vessel is limited by the Panama canals lock ships chambers, which can accommodate ships with a
beam of up to 32.31 m, a length overall of up to 294.13 m, and a draft of up to 12.04 m. A major
characteristic of container ship is whether it has cranes installed for handling its cargo. Those that
have cargo cranes are called geared and those that dont are called un-geared or gearless. The
earliest purpose-built container ships in the 1970s were all gearless. Since then, the percentage of
geared new builds has fluctuated widely, but has been decreasing overall, with only 7.5% of the
container ship capacity 2009 being equipped with cranes.
Efficiency has always been key in the design of container ships. While containers may be carried on
conventional break-bulk ships, cargo holds for dedicated container ships are specially constructed
to speed loading and unloading, and to efficiently keep containers secure while at sea.

Numerous systems are used to secure containers aboard ships, depending on factors such as the
type of ship, the type of container, and the location of the container. Stowage inside the holds of
fully cellular (FC) ships is simplest, typically using simple metal forms called container guides,
locating cones, and anti-rack spacers to lock the containers together. Above-decks, without the
extra support of the cell guides, more complicated equipment is used.
1.1.1 Cargo Spaces in Container Ships
The containership has a term that usually applied to a ship designed with all its cargo in containers.
Most container size is the 20-ft length although the present trend is toward more containers of the
40-ft length and containers of greater depth up to 9 ft- 6in. The capability to carrying containers
must be qualified to term, which are depend upon shore facilities to load and unload, and the other
have lifting equipment aboard to load and unloading. There are two main types of containership:
a. Vertical Cell Containerships
The most common type of containership and it have the container stacked in vertical cells
formed by angle corner guides. The advantages of this type is very rapid loading and
discharge, and integration with inland transportation systems to eliminate multiple
handling and re-stowing cargo, with its accompanying pilferage and damage. But it cannot
be used for any other type of cargo or another size or type of container without extensive
conversion, because the containers must be of a uniform length and width with uniform
fittings for lifting, stacking, and locking.
b. Horizontal Loading Type
The containers are loaded on one or two levels above the bulkhead deck by fork truck or
straddle truck, through stern ports or side ports. It also can be used as a pallet ship or a
roll-on/roll-of ship, and is classed by type on the basis of the prime purpose of the design.
The advantages of this type is the ship is not restricted to one specific size and type of
container with specific fittings, but can take a variety of containers within certain
limitations. The problem is this type requires attention during the arrangement design, is
provision for CO
2
fire protection in the cargo space. So the effect is in one hold the volume
would require an inordinate amount of CO
2
for simultaneous flooding. Therefore some
screen bulkhead or bulkheads reasonably gastight that must be provided to subdivide the
spaces. These bulkheads must be coordinated with the container layout and must be
capable of being closed when the ship is loaded and ready to go to sea.
1.1.2 Types of containers
The various types of containers used are:
Standard dry container : simply provides a container with a solid, watertight roof and
sides. Its suitable for the carriage of any cargo which not requiring temperature
control. Its like a general cargo ship hold, the dry container is not immune to sweating
or cargo generated heat buildup.
Ventilated dry container : it has a small heating and air conditioning unit built in which
can maintain a desired temperature and a desired humidity
Refrigerated container : Has a refrigeration capable of taking interior stowed cargo
below freezing and holding it there at a desired temperature.
Open top : a dry container with a tarpaulin type roof. It can be loaded through the top
by a crane and the item, even if it extends beyond the top of the container, can be
covered by tarpaulin.
Open flat : it has a closely structured which related to a large pallet with corner post so
that it can be stacked with other containers.

Bulk liquid : the container can be full height with a cylindrical tanks or half height with
elliptical tanks. The cargo is comprise less than the full rectangular volume.
Bulk container : a dry container fitted with an internal plastic bag type liner into which
pelletized or other free glowing bulk commodities may be loaded.
Car carrier : an open framework container designed to accept 4 or more standard size
automobiles. It so oversized and light framed that unlike other containers they are not
designed to go over the road.
Cattletainer : this type can sustain considerable damage from the cargo regardless of
the weather experienced by the ship.
1.2 Sister ship