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Getting Started with Linux:


Installing Linux on Your Computer
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Whitson Gordon
Filed to: NIGHT SCHOOL
LINUX

3/02/11 6:00pm

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OPEN SOURCE
LIFEHACKER NIGHT
SCHOOL
TOP
FEATURE
LINUX NIGHT SCHOOL
101

So you've decided to give Linux a shot, and you've found a distribution that suits
you. But how do you actually get it installed? Here, we'll show you how to create a
live CD or USB drive, boot into Linux, and install it on your system.
Whether
you've
played
around
with live
CDs an
d drive
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kon324 started this thread

3/02/11 6:28pm

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kon324
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kon324Whitson Gordon
3/02/11 6:28pm
It may be coming towards the end of this week's night school, but a question:
If I do play around with this, like I'm planning on doing this weekend, and then
just ultimately want to revert back to my one Windows partition, how hard is
that to do? I'm guessing in Windows I can just wipe the Linux partition and
then extend the Windows partition back into it, right? Is there any trick to
getting rid of GRUB? Or does GRUB only load if it detects more than one OS?

Anything else that has to be done?


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IrishCheerioLadd
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IrishCheerioLaddkon324
3/02/11 6:35pm
If you do htis from Windows, do not reboot. I've had this problem. GRUB
overwrites the Windows bootloader. You might be able to pull it off without
shutting down Windows with this method[support.microsoft.com] This
shouldn't be needed though ;).

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Mercurivskon324
3/02/11 6:50pm
@kon324: If you just want to play around a bit, you can skip the GRUB
bootloader necessity by installing Ubuntu thru its Wubi installer interface. This
lets you uninstall it from inside Windows Add/Remove Programs. Since this
virtualizes a filesystem within your Windows partition, you kind lose some
computing performance, although not enough to impact seat-of-the-pants
desktop performance.
Also fun is using LinuxLive USB Creator to create a USB-bootable install on a
flash drive. Unetbootin only makes Live CD equivalents of bootable discs but
LiLi USB Creator can make live Linux installs that actually save user info once
you log out and shutdown.
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xor24kon324
3/02/11 6:56pm
If you think you might want to delete do it in a virtual machine, I'm pretty sure
there are tutorials on lifehacker for using virtualbox.
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IrishCheerioLaddxor24
3/02/11 6:59pm

That sounds like a better idea.


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TheFu started this thread

3/02/11 6:56pm

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TheFu
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TheFuWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 6:56pm

If you
are afraid, local LUGs (Linux User Groups) have Linux "InstallFests" all
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time.
They will be happy to help. You may find that someone nearby will
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make
a house-call and provide one-on-one help.
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Try the LiveCD before attempting an install. It is the best way to validate

almost all your hardware is compatible. Beware of Canon printers and their
non-support for Linux. There are other manufacturers that are non-supporters
too. IMHO, their Windows support is less than ideal too.
I don't recommend new users try the latest release. New users should start
with the "stable" release unless there is a specific issue that a newer release
corrects. Ubuntu LTS is safest.
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Whitson Gordon
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Whitson GordonTheFu
3/02/11 7:17pm
I had no idea about these InstallFests. Pretty cool stuff!
I personally have never had any trouble installing the latest release, but your'e
rightyou can't go wrong with LTS.
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TheFu
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TheFuWhitson Gordon
3/03/11 2:54am

These
days, Linux installs 90% of the time, but when it goes badly, lets be
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honest,
it can go really badly. Most of the time, it is something simple that a
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in computer knowledge prevents the user from solving. We all have
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those tiny gaps in knowledge or lapses in memory.

The latest release that isn't specifically "stable" is often full of new ideas that
aren't fully cooked. Staying with the LTS version , will be very stable, programs
will work together, and only stable programs will be in the package manager.
Companies use LTS versions to avoid hassles for 3-5 yrs at a time.
[www.lugwash.org] is near Ann Arbor, MI. Whitson, you should stop in and say
hello.
[mail.ale.org] is near Atlanta, GA and we have South, Central, NW, and GATech sub-groups. I drive just 10 minutes to the nearby meetings.
[www.lalugs.org] is Los Angeles. Seems there are over 10 local LUGs there.
To find your local LUG - google "{your town/metro} LUG Linux" and get
involved. Ask when the next "InstallFest" is and they will probably have one.
Our group has pretty good presentations every month. Recent topics
- A Timely Introduction to IPV6,
- Networking & Network Security Basics,
- VirtualBox demonstrated.
I hear a presentation on KVM virtualization is being planned.
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Whitson Gordon
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Whitson GordonTheFu
3/03/11 6:02am
That's pretty sweet. Thanks for the links. I might have to check them out
before I leave Ann Arbor in a few months here.
Luckily, I'll be moving to LA, so I'll have even more choices :-)
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Hal9000 started this thread

3/02/11 7:52pm

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Hal9000Whitson Gordon
3/02/11 7:52pm
I am surprised you didn't mention WUBI which does the entire Ubuntu 10.10

install and setup for you.


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Hal9000Hal9000
3/02/11 7:57pm
EDIT: I see someone did in the comments. I am using it as my primary OS and
haven't had any issues. Just installed CrossOver (to try) and Wine today.
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Whitson GordonHal9000
3/02/11 8:00pm
I tried not to overcomplicate it, especially because (afaik) WUBI's Ubuntu-only.
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javabean_elpasoHal9000
3/02/11 8:12pm
@ZeroCool898: i really wish people would stop mentioning wubi...... i installed
10.04LTS on my mothers laptop..... She loves it(was there ever any doubt) but
because of WUBI she brings it to me to do the updates. She quite often
grumbles to me about how happy she will be once the warrenty
expires/finishes her culinary degree and doesn't need to leave vista
installed..... i don't think pista has been booted in at least 8-9 months
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SquiddlesHal9000
3/02/11 8:29pm
To add to Whitson's response. If I recall correctly, if something happens to the
Windows partition, then the WUBI install won't boot. At least, that's what

happened to me when I tried out Wubi, and then never looked at it again.
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forevermac started this thread

3/02/11 7:08pm

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forevermac
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forevermacWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 7:08pm

To make
a USB stick on a mac, you're going to need to use the command-line.
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There's
a way to do it with Disk Utility, but familiarizing yourself with the
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command
line when dealing with Linux (any distro) is a good idea.
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Once you have your .iso file, you're going to need to change it to an .img file
so we can use dd. You'll need to run:
hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ~/path/to/output.img ~/path/to/input.iso
Now that you have an .img file, you can install it on your USB stick.
First, we'll need to know what disk your USB stick is, so run:
diskutil list
Find your USB stick in the list and make a note of the device name (it'll be
something like /dev/disk2).
Now that you have this, you need to unmount your device:
diskutil unmountDisk "/dev/disk2"
Replace /dev/disk2 with whatever your USB stick was.
Now that you've unmounted your USB stick, you can run:
sudo dd if=/path/to/your.img of="/dev/disk2" bs=1m
This should run fine. If it doesn't work and says something about 1m not being
a valid number, change 1m to 1M.
Now that you have the file on the USB stick, all that's left to do is eject it:
diskutil eject "/dev/disk2"
Now you can safely remove your USB stick and restart your computer. On a
mac, hit the Option key to get a menu of things to boot from, and your USB
stick should show up.
Disclaimer: I have used this before, but I didn't check the commands by
running them this time. I'm not responsible for any data loss incurred by your
use of this.
Commands checked against ubuntu.com and a makeuseof article.
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Whitson Gordon
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Whitson Gordonforevermac
3/02/11 7:18pm
You're awesome. Thanks for adding this tidbit for those that don't have access
to Windows.
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playdoh started this thread

3/02/11 7:10pm

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playdoh
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playdohWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 7:10pm
Coincidentally, I used Unetbootin today before reading this article and it was
extremely painless. Download, run, pick your distro and a few minutes later

your booting up in your OS of choice from your USB. Nice article Whitson!
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Whitson Gordon
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Whitson Gordonplaydoh
3/02/11 7:18pm
Thanks! Man, I love Unetbootin. Wish I could run it on OS X, though.
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Walternate started this thread

3/02/11 7:53pm

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Walternate
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WalternateWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 7:53pm

Hooray! I was afraid this wasn't going to get posted today. Thanks LH.
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Whitson GordonWalternate
3/02/11 7:59pm
Pshhh. No faith! ;-)
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WalternateWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 8:22pm
I shall never doubt the great Flash Gordon again!
*Ewok worship sound in Ep. VI*
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LimberoWalternate
3/02/11 11:39pm
FLASH! AA-AH! SAVIOR OF THE UNIVERSE!
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v5point0 started this thread

3/02/11 7:50pm

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v5point0
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v5point0Whitson Gordon
3/02/11 7:50pm
Is it possible to install Ubuntu on a different volume connected via Firewire

then the one which is currently used to startup?


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CraXyOW3v5point0
3/02/11 11:43pm
I'd suggest you check this article [wiki.ubuntu.com]
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v5point0CraXyOW3
3/03/11 1:43am
Thanks for the link. According to Method 1, it seems it is possible but via USB
no info on Firewire though. Guess its trail and error.
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Zazzmanv5point0
3/03/11 5:36am
Well, I'm not sure how much of a distinction the motherboard will draw
between the two. You may have separate entries in the bios for firewire vs usb,
but maybe not even that. I'd have a hard time believing it could be a problem
without some specs on firewire or your motherboard that say otherwise.
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v5point0Zazzman
3/03/11 6:45am
I'm guessing it should work too, patiently waiting for my OWC case so I can

start experimenting.
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mrjeremiahross started this thread

3/03/11 7:38am

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mrjeremiahrossWhitson Gordon
3/03/11 7:38am
I installed about 6 linux version on my laptop for testing, each with it's own
virtual box.
Virtual Box is great if you have the extra RAM. If you don't want an isolated
network adapter, you will need to give access to a NIC card on your PC;
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otherwise
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rmardomrjeremiahross
3/03/11 9:06am
yeah i do the same thing. but i was wondering if adding more than 4GB RAM
will benefit the any VMs? assuming the host OS is 64bit.
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mrjeremiahrossrmardo
3/03/11 9:27am
What I read on the internet and what is reality are two different things.
From what I understand, 8GB is optimal if you are going to keep the VM
running regularly or will have multiple running at the same time. I have
considered it, but haven't been hitting my ceiling as of yet.
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BonyChief started this thread

3/02/11 10:46pm

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BonyChiefWhitson Gordon
3/02/11 10:46pm
One very good practice is to keep the "/" and "/home" on separate partitions.
That way you can reinstall the OS or install another flavour of Linux without
losing your data.

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shkmBonyChief
3/03/11 2:45am
It can also help with full encryption of the home directory in some distros,
though Ubuntu plays nicely without requiring a partition.
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mrgreen3BonyChief
3/03/11 4:56am
Worth noting that having /boot separate can help too [ext2 around 100mb]
swap is a bit a sore subject really depends on age of machine and amount of
ram you have.
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zakany001BonyChief
3/03/11 6:07am
It is good practice, but not necessary. Other major computer OSes don't do this
and one barrier to this is guessing how much drive space to leave for the /, or
OS partition. Even better is putting /home on another physical drive.
All this gets away from the "push a button and have a cup of coffee"
installation routine.
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Gonza started this thread

3/03/11 5:02am

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GonzaWhitson Gordon
3/03/11 5:02am
For some reason, I prefer the method on pendrivelinux.com, using Universal
USB Installer, maybe it's the same method beneath, but it work just as good.
Also, you should mention Plop Boot Manager, a litlle jewel that enable pre-P4
machines , to boot from USB
With it, I was able to boot Puppy Lucid, from a crappy P2 with 128MB of RAM,
and actually be able to browse using an old PCMCIA Wifi, no configuration nor
driver installation...and it was quite usable, granted, that machine was never
designed for flash sites, but most of the web works fine using SeaMonkey ,
when FF,Chrome and Opera, are just too heavy, and Dillo (the built-in browser)

is just too basic.


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timgrayGonza
3/03/11 5:24am
pendrivelinux is also one of the only ways to get linux on a tablet PC like a

fujitsu stylistic
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SenorValascoGonza
3/03/11 6:36am
The Universal USB Installer is much better than Unetbootin...has more current
versions of some of the distros.
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BrokenDragonGonza
3/03/11 3:01pm
Another great thing about pedrivelinux is that you can make the USB
persistent. This allows for your sessions to save to your USB drive.
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timgray started this thread

3/03/11 5:33am

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timgrayWhitson Gordon
3/03/11 5:33am
Onetothing
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hardware.
Many low end peripherals like canon printers and off brand scanners
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DO to
NOT
WORK with linux because the maker of those devices are hostile to
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linux. For the longet time Broadcom wireless cards and hardware was

unsupported because broadcom was hostile to linux. Still to this day any linux
laptop I have has the broadcom wireless cards swapped out for an intel based
card. I also favor Nvidia for video hardware over ATI but ATI has been getting
better.
Printers, I hate to say it but HP is king if it's an inkjet or all in one. I HATE HP
inkjets as they gouge people on ink prices, my favorite is epson and my epson
printer is supported Epson artisan 835. I print over network perfectly. Dont
need to bother with scanning as that printer scans to a thumbdrive and is
more convenient than using linux scanning software.
Right now Linux supports more hardware than windows. Lots of "used to work
on XP but does not on vista/7" hardware works fin under linux while windows
has abandoned it. I have several webcams and a force feedback joystick from
microsoft that work perfect under linux but windows 7 tells me "sucks to be
you, it's unsupported"
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