GLOSSARY.

13G5
Stuino B)ARi).
_
In wooden stairs, the board npxt the well-hole which receives the ends
of the steps
;
its face follows the direction of the well-hole, whatever the form
;
when
curved, it is frequently formed in thicknesses glued together, though sometimes it is
got out of the solid, like a hana-rail. See Cut String.
Stun-q Cocrse. a projecting horizon' ill course of s'one, continued along the face of a
building, frequently under windows, to form a tie or bonding course. It is eillier
plane or moulded.
Stuix. (Lat.) A channel in a fluted column. Fi ute.
Stuuck. a term used to denote the removal of any temporary support.
Strut. See Brace,
Stuutting Beam or Piece, also Strut Beam. A term used by old writers in carpentry,
for what is now called a straiiiinQ piece or collar beam. See also Bridging and Key.
Stucco. (Fr. Stiic.) A term indefinitely applied to calcareous cements of various
descriptions. Bough stucco is that finifhtd with stucco floated and brushed. Bastard
stucco is three-coat work in plastering: 1, the render coat; 2, floating, as to trowelled
stucco; and, 3, finishing, lime with a little hair and a little sand. Tiiis last is
termed
"
setting" when used with fine stuff for papering, and is well finished.
Studio. An apartment especially adapted for a pertou to write or work in. It is
generally presumed to be for art purposes.
Studs. (Sax.) The quarters or posts in partitions. See Quarters.
Stuff. (Dutch.) A general term for the wood used by joiners.
Stujip TRACERy. The later or after Gothic of Germany has tracery in which the ribs are
made to pass through each other, and are then abruptly cut off. This may be called
stiiini) tracirij. according to Professor Willis.
Style. The diffirent varieties of architecture. See Stile.
Stylobata. See Pedestal.
Subnormal. The d. stance between the foot of the ordinate and a perpendicular to the
curve (or its tangent) upon the axis.
Sch-plinth. A second and lower plinth placed under the principal one in columns and
pedestals.
Sub-principals. The same as auxiliary rafters or principal braces.
Subway. An underground passage. It now more especially refers to the arched vaults
formed under a street for the purpose of containing the sewer, and gas, water and other
pipes, with a bench or footway for access to the former or tor making repairs to the
latter. The subway requires a trap with ladder for access, and ventilating shafts. The
Z?M7f7e'' journal, xviii. 640, illustrates a subway formed in London.
SuDATio and SuDATORiiiM. (Lat.) The same as Cai.daru'm. See Concameuata Sudatio.
Summer. (Perhaps from Ital. S>ma.) The lintel of a door, window, etc. Abeam teuoiieti
into a girder to support the ends of joistson both sides of it. It is frequently used as a
synonyme for a girder. Also a large stone laid over columns and pilasters in the com-
mencement of a cross vault. It is, moreover, used in the same sense as Bressuji.mer.
Summer Stone. The lowest stone at the end of a gable, st pping the eaves of the tiling
or slating. The f^r^t piece of the tabling is worked in the solitl of the summer stone,
and so becomes an abutment and support for the rest. It is also called a skew corbel.
SuMjiER Tree. See Dormant Tree.
Summering. See Beds of a Stone.
Sun Light. A new method of lif<liting large rooms from the ceiling, by a number of
gas jets placed under a reflector, witli tubes through the ceiling and perhaps Dof for
carrying off the products of combustion antl for ventilation. A valve to prevent down
draughts is introduced near the top of the tube.
Sunk Shelves. Such as are formed with a groove in their upper surface, to prevent
plates, dishes, or other materials sliding off when
p
aeo>i upright on them, as in a
dresser.
Super-altar. A shelf or ledge let into the east wall just over the altar or communion
table, on which are placed the altar cross, altar lights, and flower vases not allowed by
law on the table itself.
SuPERCiLiUM. (Lat.) The lintel of a doi r. See Antepagmknta.
Superintendance. The architect's duty being to see that the quality of the materials
used, and of the workmanship are equal to those specified, and th.it the building is being
erected in accordance with the drawings and specifications, his visits to the building will
be regulated by his own judgment, tiie extent of his practice, the magnitude of the works,
the distance they may be away, whether a clerk of the works bo employed or not, and
the reputation of the builder, and lastly the expectations of his client. The young prac-
titioner will soon learn which are the best occasions for visiting the works, after having
seen to the setting out, to the drains, found; tinns. tiio footings commencKl, etc.
Superstructure.
(Lat.) Work built on the foundation of a building. The upper jwrt.
Suppokt. See Points of Support.
Si-rhase. The series of mouldings forming a capping to the dailo of a room.
SuRBAsED. An arch, vault, or dome of less hight than half its span.