GLOSSARY.

1285
The illustr.ttion is from the western
end of the
Fig. 1407.
according to the taste of the architect
Parthenon at Athens, pre-
senting a portion of the _
Panatlieiac frieze It is one
of the fine speeimens of
Grecian art of the Elgin
collection in the British
Museum. {Fig.
1407.)
Frieze of the Capitai,. The
same as the Hvpothachk-
LIUM.
Frieze Panel. The upper
panel of a six-panelled door.
Fbieze Rail. The upper rail
but one of a six-panelled
door.
Frioidarium. In ancient ar-
chitecture, the apartment in
which the cold bath was
placed. The word is some-
times used to denote the
cold bath itself.
,
1'roxt. (Lat. Frons.) Any side or face of a building, but morecommonlj used to denote
the entrance side.
Frontal. The cloth hung in front of the altar, also called antcpenditini.
Frontispiece. (Lat. Frons and Inspicio.) The face or fore-front of a house, but the
term is more usually applied to the decorated entrance of a building.
Fronton. The French term for a pediment.
Frosted. A species of rustic-work, imitative of ice, formed by irregular drops of water.
Frijwey TdMHER. Such as works freely to the plane without tearing, whose grain there-
fore is in the same direction.
Frustum. (Lat.) In geometry, the part of a solid next the base, formed by cutting o9
the top, or it is the part of any solid, as a cone, a pyramid, &c., between two planes,
which may be either parallel or inclined to each other.
Fulcrum. (Lat.) In mechanics, the fixed point about which a lever moves.
Funnel. (Lat.
Infundibulum.) That part of a chimney contained between the fire-placo
and the summit of the shaft. See Chimney.
Furniture. (Fr. Fournir, to furnish.) The visible brass work of locks, knobs to doors,
window-shutters, and the like.
Furring. (Fr. Fourrer, to thrust in.) The fixing of thin scantlings or laths upon the
edges of any number of timbers in a range, when such timbers are out of the surface
they were intended to form, either from their gravity, or in consequence of an original
deficiency of the timbers in their depth. Thus the timbers of a floor, though level at
first, oftentimes require to be furred
;
the same operation is frequently necessary in the
reparation of old roofs, and the same work is required sometimes in new as well as old
floors.
FuKRiNGS or F'lERiNGS. Picces of wood used to bring a surface to a level with others.
FuSAROLE. (It.) A member whose section is that of a semicircle carved into beads. It
is generally placed under the echinus, or quarter round of columns in the Doric, Ionic,
and Corinthian orders.
Fust. (Fr. Fut.) An old term for the shaft of a column or trunk of a pilaster. It is
also a term used in Devonshire, and, perhaps, in some other counties, to signify the
ridge of a house.
G
Gable.
(Brit. Gavel.) The vertical triangular piece of wall nt the end of a roof, from
the level of the eaves to the summit
Gablet. A small gable, or gable-shaped decoration, as intro luced on buttresses, &c.
Gage.
See Gauge.
Gain.
In carpentry, the bsvelled shoulder of a binding joist, for the purpoie of giving
additional
resistance to the tenon below.
Galilee. A porch
usually built near the west end of abbey churches. The galilees of
Durham
and Ely are found in the situation here described. The last mentioned is still
used as the
principal entrance to the church. The porch, south-west of the great
transept,
at Lincoln
Cathedral is also sometimes called a galilee. The word has been
frequently
used, but
improperly, to
designate the nave of a church. Many conjectures