DYSMENORRHEA is also known as the "difficult monthly flow.

" Although, it's normal for most women

to have mild abdominal cramps on the first day or two of their period,
about 10% of women experience severe pain.

Women also experience these during dysmenorrhea:
Lower back ache radiating towards the lower abdomen.
Nausea and Vomiting.
Abdominal spasms.
Headache or migraine.
Irritable mood, also know as "PMS", Personal Mood Swings.
Unusual decrease or increase of appetite, depending on the woman.













Dysmenorrhea has two types: Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that's not a symptom of an
underlying gynecologic disorder but is related to the normal process of menstruation. Primary
dysmenorrhea is the most common type of dysmenorrhea, affecting more than 50% of women,
and quite severe in about 15%. Primary dysmenorrhea is more likely to affect girls during
adolescence. Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is generally related to some kind of
gynecologic disorder. Most of these disorders can be easily treated with medications or surgery.
Secondary dysmenorrhea is more likely to affect women during adulthood.


Amenorrhea - absence of menstrual period in a woman's reproductive age.




Metrorrhagia - bleeding between menstrual periods.




Menorrhagia - excessive bleeding during periods.


Polymenorrhea - a type of abnormal uterine bleeding that occurs
when the menstrual cycle is less than 21 days long.




Oligomenorrhea - is infrequent (or, in occasional usage, very light) menstruation




Hypermenorrhea - abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation.




Hypomenorrhea - scanty menstruation.









Diagnostic Evaluation for Dysmenorrhea:

Medics use laparoscopy (an examination of the internal organs of your pelvis, using a telescope),
pelvic ultrasound
Hysterectomy (an examination of the inside of your womb, using a telescope)

To lessen spasm, apply warm compress over area where pain is felt.




Medications during dysmenorrhea are not advisable since, your body will be dependent on it every
time you have your period. Stop medications once you are experiencing amenorrhea, especially
contraceptives. You have to be cautious of your food intake; as much as possible, drink or eat food
rich in iron since, you are at a state were lots of iron is excreted. Decrease your weight if youre
obese. For menstrual disorders or problems, immediately counsel a psychiatrist and your own
Gynaecologist.

















































MENSTRUAL
DISORDERS








Submitted By:
BSN-IIC
Mejia, Maureen Joyce
De Jesus, Camille Jade
Enriquez, Kiara Keren
Luna, John Thomas
Mufan, Marinel
Bacolod, Ilyn