Exercise 3.

1
1. Requirements
New customers can be added
Tours can be sortable
Archive when tour is over
Family details can be duplicated for same families
Produces reports
500 item capacity
Can interface with accounting softwares

Exercise 3.2
1. -
2. Examine the system
Inputs
i. Customers
Output
i. To accounting software
ii. Reports
iii. Sorting on screen
Storage
i. Customer databases

Exercise 3.3
1. The first module would be input of customer details and tour into the system. Then
reporting and sorting of the details.

Exercise 3.4
1. Fields that might be in the entry are
Name
Address
Phone
Mobile
Tour
Passenger number
Outstanding fees
Linked passengers

Exercise 3.5
1. Modifications
Add installations option
Special dietary requirements field
Busses location and status

Exercise 3.6
1. Copy and complete
The structured approach to software development consists of five steps define,
plan, build, check, modify. The first stage focuses on defining the problem and
lists the requirements of the software. In the second stage the capabilities and
bad parts of the existing system are analysed so that the development team
knows how the system works. Stage 3 involves making the solution. This is
followed by the checking stage, after which the software is placed in operation.
While in operation, there is a constant evolution, the results of which are used to
modify the program.
2. You must first work out what needs to be done by the software, its limitations and strong
points. Then you must plan layout, operation and implementation of the software. Then
software engineers must build the software from scratch or from existing software. Then
the implementation is done in beta for example and then any problems that occur are
modified.

Exercise 3.7
1. Copy and complete
A prototype is a model that is used to gain knowledge. When used in this way it
is often discarded once it is no longer needed for this use. It is used in this way
when the user is aware of what the system requirements are. As the user works
with the software it is evaluated. The results of this process are used to refine the
prototype. This method can also be used as a learning tool. In this case, the
software is continually improved until it is able to perform all the required tasks.
2. Database for general store inventory
Item name
Barcode no.
Quantity
Retail price/unit
Inwards price
Discount options
Quantity in stock
Reorder buffer
Profit margin
Exercise 3.8
1. Copy and complete
Rapid application development, or RAD, can be used to describe any
development process that leads to a rapid development. This approach has
several stages that are suitable for limited time and limited cost projects. Often
the customer and programmer work closely together.
2. Where would a RAD be useful and appropriate?
For a major app that needs to be able to run on a new OS that has just released
or has gone into dev.
For software that has a major flaw (such as heartbleed) to fix the problem)

Exercise 3.9
1. Copy and complete
End-user development involves the creation of a system creating a solution to a
problem without the aid of a development team. More utilised computers and
application testers mean that a software solution can be created cheaply. The
quality of the solution is also reduced as external help is not used. The user is
also very familiar with the application because he or she developed it and so
needs no more familiarisation in its use.
2. JESSCAR
Date Odo. Fuel
Cost
$/L Fuel
(L)
Repai
rs
Ins.
Reg.
Tyr
es
Summar
y.
1/1 69034 /100km
8/1 69421 $32.51 $0.785 41.41 $120 8.78L
14/1 69845 $250 $/Km
31/1 70143 $35.21 $0.769 45.79 $430 $0.49
5/2 70512 $30.15 $0.769 39.21 Avg.
Odo.
15/2 70946 $33.12 $0.799 41.45 1912
Sum
$930.99



Notes
1. -
Not a single approach to a problem
Limiting factors
Financial
Time
Approaches
Structured
Prototyping
Rapid
End-user
2. -
Input tools are used to enter data
Analysis tools sort and manipulate data
3. -
Building the solution
Broken into modules
4. -
Then modify solution
Analyse what is going wrong
Change it and repeat testing
5. -
System must be able to adapt and evolve
Not limited for unsustainable future
6. -
Structured approach useful when large projects are underway
7. -
Prototyping is used to develop software quickly
8. -
End-user approach useful for small and highly specific jobs.
You know what needs to be done, and what has been done, because its made
by you for you.
9. -
Rapid application development is useful when development is limited by time.