Part 1: Multiple Choice. Circle the letter corresponding to the best answer. 1. Which of the following scatterplots would indicate that Y is growing exponentially over time !a" !#" !c" !d" !e" none of these $onsider the two%way ta#le of data at the right& 2. The percent of cars listed in the ta#le with 4%cylinder engines that are made in 'ermany is !a" ()&*+& !#" ,(+& !c" *)+& !d" -)+& !e" .(+& 3. /rom the ta#le we might conclude that !a" there is clearly no relation #etween country of origin and num#er of cylinders& !#" the correlation #etween country of origin and num#er of cylinders is li0ely to #e a#out )&*& !c" a regression line fitted to these data would pro#a#ly have a negative slope& !d" there is evidence of some relation #etween country of origin and num#er of cylinders& !e" the 1nited States has far more cars than any of the other countries& 4. According to the (..) census2 those states with an a#ove%average num#er X of people who fail to complete high school tend to have an a#ove average num#er Y of infant deaths& 3n other words2 there is a positive association #etween X and Y& The most plausi#le explanation for this is !a" X causes Y& Programs to 0eep teens in school will help reduce the num#er of infant deaths& !#" Y causes 4& Programs that reduce infant deaths will ultimately reduce high school dropouts& !c" 5ur0ing varia#les are pro#a#ly present& /or example2 states with large populations will have #oth larger num#ers of people who don6t complete high school and more infant deaths& !d" Both of these varia#les are directly affected #y the higher incidence of cancer in certain states& !e" The association #etween X and Y is purely coincidental& $hapter 4 ( Test 4B Part 2: Free Response Answer completely, but be concise. Show your thought process clearly. 5. 3n a study of the relationship #etween the amount of violence a person watches on T7 and the viewer6s age2 -( regular T7 watchers were randomly selected and classified according to their age group and whether they were a 8low%violence9 or 8high%violence9 viewer& :ere is a two%way ta#le of the results& Age Group 1634 3554 55 and over Total Amount of Low 8 12 21 Violence Watched High 18 15 7 Total !a" $ompute !in percents" the marginal distri#ution of age group for all people surveyed&
!#" $onstruct a #ar graph on the grid provided to show your results visually& !c" $ompute !in percents" the conditional distri#ution of age group among 8low%violence9 viewers& Then do the same for 8high%violence9 viewers& !d" Write a few sentences explaining what the conditional distri#utions in !c" tell you& $hapter 4 , Test 4B 6. $ell phones2 a fairly recent innovation2 have #ecome increasingly popular with all segments of our society& According to the Strategis 'roup2 the num#er of cellular and personal communications systems su#scri#ers in the 1nited States increased dramatically #eginning in (..)2 as shown in the following ta#le& No. of subscribers Year (millions) 1990 5.3 1991 7.6 1992 11.0 1993 16.0 1994 24.1 1995 33.8 1996 43.4 !a" Apply a test to show that the num#er of su#scri#ers is increasing exponentially& !#" ;nter the data into your calculator& Then perform an appropriate transformation to lineari<e the data& /ind the e=uation of the least%s=uares line for the transformed data& >ecord it #elow& Be sure to define any varia#les you use& !c" :ow well does the linear model you calculated in !#" fit the transformed data ?ustify your answer with graphical and numerical evidence& !d" The Strategis 'roup predicts @)&- million su#scri#ers in (..-2 and ..&, million in the year ,)))& :ow many su#scri#ers does your model predict for these years Show your method& $hapter 4 A Test 4B 7. Bver the past A) years in the 1nited States there has #een a strong positive correlation #etween cigarette sales and the num#er of high school graduates& 3s the association #etween these two varia#les most li0ely due to causation2 confounding2 or common response ?ustify your answer& 8. To help consumers ma0e informed decisions a#out health care2 the government releases data a#out patient outcomes in hospitals& Cou want to compare :ospital A and :ospital B2 which serve your community& Not all surgery cases are e=ually serious2 however& Patients are classified as #eing in either 8poor9 or 8good9 condition #efore surgery& :ere are the data #ro0en down #y patient condition& 'ood $ondition Poor $ondition :ospital A :ospital B :ospital A :ospital B Died E - Died *@ - Survived *.4 *., Survived (44A (., Total E)) E)) Total (*)) ,)) !a" $alculate the percent of patients in good condition who survive at :ospital A and :ospital B& Do li0ewise for the patients in poor condition& !#" 1se the ta#les a#ove to create a two%way ta#le that shows the relationship #etween which hospital a patient goes to and survival status& !c" $alculate the percent of patients that survive at each hospital& !d" ;xplain your findings in !a" and !c"& I pledge that I hae neither gien nor receied aid on this test.FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF $hapter 4 4 Test 4B Answer G- rest on next page $hapter 4 * Test 4B $hapter 4 E Test 4B $hapter 4 @ Test 4B