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AND WAVEGUIDES
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Outline
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1. General Solutions for TEM, TE, and TM Waves
2. Parallel Plate Waveguide
3. Rectangular Waveguide
4. Circular Waveguide
5. Coaxial Line
6. Surface Waves on a Grounded Dielectric Sheet
7. Stripline
8. Microstrip Line
9. The Transverse Resonant Technique
10. Wave Velocities and Dispersion
Transmission Line
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General two conductor Tx. Closed waveguide
General Solutions for TEM, TE and TM Waves
Assume time harmonic fields with e
-jt
dependence and
wave propagation along the z-axis.
The electric and magnetic field :
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Transverse components
Longitudinal
fields components
Maxwell Equation
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Four Transverse Field Components
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Cut-off wave number
Wave number:
Permittivity of material
TEM Wave
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Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waves are characterized by:
Cut-off wave
number :
k
c
= 0
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Helmholtz Wave Equation for E
x
For dependent,
Laplaces Equation
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TEM Wave (Cont.)
Electric field can be expressed as the gradient of a Scalar potential
also satisfies Laplace s equation
The voltage and current
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Wave Impedance
Procedure for Analyzing a TEM Line
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1.Solve Laplaces equation, for (x, y). The solution will contain several
unknown constants
2. Find these constants by applying the boundary conditions for the known
voltages on the conductors.
3. Compute and
and
= 0
TEM Mode (Cont.)
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Apply the boundary conditions give:
Outline
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1. General Solutions for TEM, TE, and TM Waves
2. Parallel Plate Waveguide
3. Rectangular Waveguide
4. Circular Waveguide
5. Coaxial Line
6. Surface Waves on a Grounded Dielectric Sheet
7. Stripline
8. Microstrip Line
9. The Transverse Resonant Technique
10. Wave Velocities and Dispersion
Strip Line
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Planar type of transmission line
Easy to microwave integrated
circuitry, miniaturization, and
photolithographic fabrication
Be constructed be etching the
center conductor on a grounded
dielectric substrate the covering
with another dielectric substrate
Support TEM wave
Some constants of Strip Line
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Phase velocity:
Propagation constant:
Characteristic impedance:
Characteristic Impedance
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Attenuation due to Conductor Loss
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Ex: Attenuation on Strip Line
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Calculate the attenuation in dB/l at frequency of 10 GHz for a 50 copper
stripline conductor with b = 0.32 cm and e
r
=2.2, tand =0.001
At 10 GHz the wave number is:
Ex: Attenuation on Strip Line (Cont.)
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The total attenuation constant is:
Ex: Characteristic Impedance of Strip Line
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Stripline with
Outline
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1. General Solutions for TEM, TE, and TM Waves
2. Parallel Plate Waveguide
3. Rectangular Waveguide
4. Circular Waveguide
5. Coaxial Line
6. Surface Waves on a Grounded Dielectric Sheet
7. Stripline
8. Microstrip Line
9. The Transverse Resonant Technique
10. Wave Velocities and Dispersion
Microstrip Line
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most popular types of planar
transmission lines
can be fabricated by
photolithographic processes
Easily miniaturized and
integrated with both passive
and active microwave devices
The fields are quasi - TEM
wave
Effective Dielectric Constant
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Characteristic Impedance
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Attenuation Constant
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Ex: Design of Microstrip Line
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Design a microstrip line on a 0.5 mm alumina
substrate for a 50 characteristic impedance. Find
the length of the line required to produce a phase delay
of 270 deg at 10 GHz and compute the total loss
Ex: Design of Microstrip Line (Cont.)
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Summary of Transmission Line
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Onsite Homework & Homework
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Home work: P 3.6, 3.19, 3.21, 3.22,