Name: Macias Zarate Ernesto Aldair

Group: 5IV14
Date: September 14, 2014

SELF STUDY GUIDE
1. Passive Forms
1.1 Definition / Description .
Passive voice : The voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the
recipient * not the source* of the action denoted by the verb.
1.2 Usages / Functions .
The agent is unknown.
The action or the result of the action is more important than the agent.
The agent is too well known to be mentioned.

1.3 Special feactures.

PASSIVE WITH GET
In informal conversation, GET is often used instead of To Be.
There was a fight, but nobody got hurt

PASSIVE WITH TO HAVE
Have + object + past participe
I had my car cleaned = I employed someone to clean my car.
III have my hair cut = III pay a hair dresser to cut my hair.

VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS
Some verbs have two objects (direct and indirect). In that case we can use two
constructions.

1.4 Examples .
AFFIRMATIVE :

They are fumigating my house. My house is being fumigated.
She wrote the book in 1811. The book was writing in 1811.
Someone has fixed my computer! My computer has been fixed!
NEGATIVE :

I dont like tea. Tea is not liked by me.
He did not attend the function. I was not invited by her.
She does not write the test. The test is not written by her.
INTERROGATIVE :

Do the children play football? Is football played by the children?
Did Alice invite you? Were you invited by Alice?
Can anyone cure it? Can it be cured?

1.5 Exercises
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. He opens the door. The door is opened by him.

2. We set the table. The table is set by us.

3. She pays a lot of money. A lot of money is paid by her.

4. I draw a picture. A picture is drown by me.

5. They don't help you. You are not helped by them.









2. Non Defining R.C
2.1 Definition/ Description.
We use non-defining relative clauses to give extra information about something.
2.2 Usages / Functions .
They are subordinate clauses thus have two or more verbs.
The subordinate clause is always going to refer to a word found in the main clause and called
BACKGROUND.
2.3 Special Feactures .
Explanatory sentences because they add additional information about the antecedent. Without them
the meaning of the sentence remains the same, so they are not essential.
With the Prayers of Non-defining Relative not That you can use, but who and which people and
things respectively.
2.4 Exercises.
1.Jenny has got a new job. She lives the next door.
Jenny, who lives the next door, has got a new job.

2.Samuel Johnson was the son of a bookseller. Samuel Johnson was born in 1709.
Samuel Johnson , who was born in 1709, was the son of a bookseller.


3.In 1737, Johnson moved to London. There he wrote poetry, essays and biographies.
In 1737, Johnson moved to London, where he wrote poetry, essays and biographies.





Complete the sentences with whose, who or which

1.Dublin, ( ) is the capital of Ireland, is my favourite city. R= which

2.Amelia, ( ) mother is from Shanghai, speaks English and Chinese fluently . R= whose

3.Emily, ( ) brother is a singer, is in my English class. R= whose