M.tech - RF Revised Scheme 21112013

M.
Tech Full Time Scheme (New) Page 1

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELGAUM
SCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATION FOR
M.TECH - RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

I Semester

Course
code
Subject
Code
Name of the Subject
Teaching hours/week
Duration
of Exam
in Hours
Marks for
Total
Marks Lecture
Practical /
Field Work /
Assignment/
Tutorials
I.A. Exam
13LRF11 13EC152 Applied Mathematics 4 2# 3 50 100 150
13LRF12 13EC153
Analytical and Computational
Techniques in Electromagnetics
4 2# 3 50 100 150
13LRF13 13EC154 Microwave Monolithic ICs & Circuits 4 2* 3 50 100 150
13LRF14 13EC155
Advanced Modulation & Coding
Techniques
4 2* 3 50 100 150
13LRF15 13ECxxx Elective I (13LRF15x) 4 2 3 50 100 150
13LRF16 13EC911 Mini-Project/Seminar -- 3 -- 50 -- 50
Total 20 13 15 300 500 800

Elective I
13LRF151 13EC156 Optical Communication & Networks
13LRF152 13EC157 Solid State RF Design
13LRF153 13EC158 MEMS for Wireless communication

M.Tech Full Time Scheme (New) Page 2

M.TECH. - RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

II Semester

Course
code
Subject
Code
Name of the Subject
Teaching hours/week
Duration
of Exam in
Hours
Marks for
Total
Marks Lecture
Practical /
Field Work /
Assignment/
Tutorials
I.A. Exam
13LRF21 13EC161
Antenna Theory and Smart Antenna
Systems
4 2# 3 50 100 150
13LRF22 13EC162 Wireless systems 4 2* 3 50 100 150
13LRF23 13EC163 Tracking & Navigation Systems 4 2# 3 50 100 150
13LRF24 13EC164
RF Design methodologies & EDA
Tools
4 2* 3 50 100 150
13LRF25 13ECxxx Elective II (13LRF25x) 4 2 3 50 100 150
13LRF26 13EC921 Mini-Project/Seminar -- 3 -- 50 -- 50
**Project Phase I (6 Week Duration)
Total 20 13 15 300 500 800

Elective - II
13LRF251 13EC165 Statistical Signal Processing
13LRF252 13EC166 Satellite Communication
13LRF253 13EC167 Low power and High frequency VLSI
13LRF254 13EC168 RF CMOS Design

** Between the II Semester and III Semester. After availing a vocation of 2 weeks.


III Semester

Course
code
Subject
Code
Subject
No. of Hrs./Week
Duration of
Exam in
Hours
Marks for
Total
Marks Lecture
Field Work /
Assignment /
Tutorials
I.A. Exam
13LRF31 13EC169 Research Methodologies 4 -- 3 50 100 150
13LRF32 13ECxxx Elective-III (13LRF32x) 4 2 3 50 100 150
13LRF33 13ECxxx Elective-IV (13LRF33x) 4 2 3 50 100 150
13LRF34 13EC931 Evaluation of project Phase - I 3 50 50

Project Phase II $

Total 12 07 09 200 300 500

Elective - III Elective IV
13LRF321 13EC170 Wireless Local and Personal area networks 13LRF331 13EC174 Tera Hertz Communications
13LRF322 13EC171 RF Power System design 13LRF332 13EC175 RF Sensors & Adhoc Wireless networks
13LRF323 13EC172
Signal Processing for EMI,EMC and signal
integrity
13LRF333 13EC176 Cognitive Radio
13LRF324 13EC173 Spread Spectrum and Multicarrier Techniques 13LRF334 13EC177 Telecommunication Network Management
$ 3 Days Course work and 3 days for Project work


IV Semester

Course
Code
Subject
No. of Hrs./Week
Duration of the
Exam in Hours
Marks for
Total
Marks Lecture
Practical /
Field Work
I.A. Exam
13EC941 Evaluation of project Phase - II - - - 50 - 50
13EC942 Evaluation of project Work - III - - - 50 - 50
13EC943
Project Work Evaluation and Viva-
Voce
- - 3 100+100 200
Total - - 03 100 200 300
Grand Total (I to IV Sem.) : 2400
Note: Project work shall be continuously evaluated for phase I, phase II and after completion of the project.


Note:

* Lab Classes for any two core subjects are compulsory (practical will be evaluated for 25 marks and internal assessment for 25 marks. Lab journals should
be maintained).
# For the remaining two core subjects, it can be field work, assignment, tutorials.
1) Project Phase I : 6 weeks duration shall be carried out between II and III Semesters. Candidates in consultation with the guides shall carryout literature
survey / visit to Industries to finalise the topic of dissertation. Evaluation of the same shall be taken up during beginning of III Semester. Total Marks
shall be 50. Colleges have to send the synopsis after Phase I.
2) Project Phase II : 16 weeks duration. 3 days for project work in a week during III Semester. Evaluation shall be taken during the first two weeks of the
IV Semester. Total Marks shall be 50.
3) Project Phase III : 24 weeks duration in IV Semester. Evaluation shall be taken up during the middle of IV Semester. Total Marks shall be 50. At
the end of the Semester Project Work Evaluation and Viva-Voce Examinations shall be conducted. Total Marks shall be 50 + 50 + 100 = 200 (50
marks for guide, 50 marks for external and 100 for viva-voce).

Marks of Evaluation of Project:

The Marks of Project Phase I shall be sent to the University along with III Semester I.A. Marks of other subjects.
The I.A. Marks of Project Phase II & III shall be sent to the University along with Project Work report at the end of the Semester.
4) During the final viva, students have to submit all the reports.
5) The Project Valuation and Viva-Voce will be conducted by a committee consisting of the following:

a) Head of the Department (Chairman)
b) Guide
c) Two Examiners appointed by the university. (out of two external examiners at least one should be present).


I SEMESTER

APPLIED MATHEMATICS

Subject Code 13EC152 IA marks 50
No. of Lecture Hours/week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No. of Lecture hours 52 Exam Marks 100

1. Random Processes -I :Review of random variables(RV), distributions and properties
characteristic functions functions of RVs, joint PDF jointly Gaussian RVs and their
properties. Random processes(RP) stationary, WSS and ergodic RP properties RP
and linear systems Power spectrum Weiner-Khinchin theorem Gaussian RP.

2. Random Processes II: Discrete/continuous state and discrete/continuous parameter RP-
independent RP renewal process poisson and exponential processes markov process
birth-death process. Discrete and continuous parameter markov chains transition
probabilities, limiting distributions theory of M/M/1 and M/M/m queues Littles
theorem.
3. Vector Space :Vector spaces. Subspaces, Linear independence, Span, basis, dimension,
finite dimensional vector spaces, direct sum. Examples of finite dimensional vector
spaces RN, CN, vector space of matrices. Matrix as a set of vectors :- Row space,
Column Space. Dimensionality of Row and Column space (rank of the matrix). Non-
singular, Hermitian and Unitary matrices.
4. Linear Transformation: Linear Transformation, range and null space, rank nullity
theorem, Matrix representation of linear transform. Change of basis, Fourier Transform,
Discrete Fourier Transform
5. Inner Product Spaces: Inner Product spaces, norm, orthogonality, Hilbert spaces,
orthogonal complements, projection theorem, orthogonal projections, orthonormal basis.
REFERENCES BOOKS
1. H. Stark, J.W Woods, Probability and Random Processes, Pearson Education, 2002
2. K. S. Trivedi, Probability & Statistics with Reliability, Queuing and Computer
Science Applications, Second Edition, John Wiley
3. K. Huffman, R. Kunze, Linear Algebra, Prentice Hall of India, 1998
4. Michael W. Frazier, An introduction to wavelets through linear Algebra, Springer,
2004
5. R.D Yates, D J Goodman, Probability and Stochastic Processes, John Wiley and
Sons, 2005
6. Richard A. Johnson, Miller and Freund's, Probability and Statistics for Engineers,
7th Edition, PHI, 2004


ANALYTICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES IN
ELECTROMAGNETICS


1. Fundamental Concepts: Review of Maxwells equations and boundary conditions,
integral equations versus differential equations, radiation and edge conditions, modal
representation of fields in bounded and unbounded media, Pointing vector and power
flow image currents and equivalent principle reciprocity theorem, Electric & magnetic
vectors potentials overview of analytical and computational methods

2. Analytical methods & orthogonal functions: Introduction, methods of separation of
variables, orthogonality condition, Eigen function, expansion method, vector space /
function space, matrix representation of operators

3. Greens Functions: Greens function technique for the solution of partial differential
equations, classification of Greens functions, various methods for the determination of
Greens functions including Fourier transform technique and Ohm-Rayleigh technique,
dyadic Greens functions, determination of Greens functions for free space, transmission
lines, waveguides, and micro-strips.

4. Integral Equations: Formulation of typical problems in terms of integral equations: wire
antennas, scattering, apertures in conducting screens and waveguides, discontinuities in
waveguides and micro-striplines; Solution of Integral equations: General Method of
Moments (MoM) for the solution of integro-differential equations, choice of expansion
and weighting functions, application of MoM to typical electromagnetic problems.

5. Finite Element Method: Typical finite elements, Solution of two dimensional Laplace
and Poissons equations, solution of scalar Helmholtz equation.

6. Finite-difference Time-domain Method: Finite differences, finite difference
representation of Maxwells equations and wave equation, numerical dispersion, Yees
finite difference algorithm, stability conditions, programming aspects, absorbing
boundary conditions.
Reference Books

1. Peterson, A.F, Ray, S.L. and Mittra, R., "Computational Methods for
Electromagnetics, Wiley-IEEE Press.1998
2. Harrington, R.F., "Field Computation by Moment Methods", Wiley-IEEE Press.1993
3. Sadiku, M.N.O., Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics, 2nd Ed. CRC
Press.2001
4. Volakis, J.L, Chatterjee, A. and Kempel, L.C., "Finite Method for Electromagnetics",
Wiley-IEEE Press.1998
5. Taflov, A. and Hagness, S.C., Computational Electrodynamics, 3
rd
Ed., Artech
House.2005


MICROWAVE MONOLITHIC ICS & CIRCUITS


1. Introduction to MMIC Design: Advantages and tradeoffs: cost, performance,
reliability, size. Applications: Satellite communications, wireless LANs, microwave
links, cellular networks. Choosing among device technologies: GaAs FET, GaAs HBT,
etc. MMIC Design cycle : process selection, device characterization, circuit topology
decision, design, taping-out, testing.

2. Passive MMIC Elements: Lumped element - Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors,
Transmission line microstrip & coplanar line design, Power Combiners and dividers
Wilkinson combiners, 90 and 180 hybrid couplers, Impedance transformers
narrowband and wide band matching networks.

3. Microwave network analysis: S parameters, ABCD parameters, Signal flow graphs,
Smith chart analysis - Noise, Gain, Stability.

4. Active Devices: Transistor types - GaAs MESFET, HEMT, HBT, MOSFET, Overview
of Emerging technology transistors - Si CMOS, SiGe BiCMOS, GaN/SiC, Amplifier
characteristics and definitions Power, bandwidth, gain, Intermodulation, noise, dynamic
range, temperature coefficient, MTBF, Transistor model types physical, analytical,
hybrid.

5. Amplifiers: Biasing network selection and design, Hybrid amplifiers LNA,
Broadband amplifiers, Power amplifiers Classes, performance parameters, devices,
design considerations.

6. Monolithic Amplifier: MMIC technology, MMIC design, Thermal design basics,
transistor thermal design, heat sink design, Stability analysis even mode, odd mode, low
frequency, spurious oscillations.

7. Amplifier packaging: Overview, Materials for Packaging, Ceramic Package, Plastic
Package, Package Assembly, Thermal Considerations, CAD Tools.

Reference Books:

1. Michaael Steer, Microwave and RF design A systems approach , Scitech publishing,
Inc, 2009.
2. Inder J Bahl, Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Transistor Amplifiers, John Wiley
& sons Inc, 2009.
3. Paolo Colantonio, Franco Giannini, Ernesto Limiti, High Efficiency RF and Microwave
Solid State Power Amplifiers, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2009.


ADVANCED MODULATION AND CODING TECHNIQUES


1. Digital Modulation Techniques: QPSK, DPSK, FQPSK, QAM, M-QAM, OFDM,
Optimum Receiver for Signals Corrupted by AWGN, Performance of the Optimum
Receiver for Memory-less Modulation, Optimum Receiver for CPM Signals,
Optimum Receiver for Signals with Random Phase in AWGN Channel.

2. Coding Techniques: Convolutional Codes, Hamming Distance Measures for
Convolutional Codes; Various Good Codes, Maximum Likelihood Decoding of
Convolutional codes, Error Probability with Maximum Likelihood Decoding of
Convolutional Codes, Sequential Decoding and Feedback Decoding, Trellis Coding
with Expanded Signal Sets for Band-limited Channels, Viterbi decoding.

3. Communication through band limited linear filter channels: Optimum receiver
for channels with ISI and AWGN, Linear equalization, Decision-feedback
equalization, reduced complexity ML detectors, Iterative equalization and decoding-
Turbo equalization.

4. Adaptive equalization: Adaptive linear equalizer, adaptive decision feedback
equalizer, adaptive equalization of Trellis- coded signals, Recursive least squares
algorithms for adaptive equalization, self recovering (blind) equalization.

5. Spread Spectrum Signals for Digital Communication: Model of Spread Spectrum
Digital Communication System, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Signals,
Frequency-Hopped Spread Spectrum Signals, CDMA, time-hopping SS,
Synchronization of SS systems.

6. Digital Communication through fading multi-path channels: Characterization of
fading multi-path channels, the effect of signal characteristics on the choice of a
channel model, frequency-Nonselective, slowly fading channel, diversity techniques
for fading multi-path channels, Digital signal over a frequency-selective, slowly
fading channel, coded wave forms for fading channels, multiple antenna systems.

Reference Books:

1. John G. Proakis, Digital Communications, 4th edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.
2. Stephen G. Wilson, Digital Modulation and Coding, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt.
Ltd, 2003.
3. Kamilo Feher, Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation and Spread Spectrum
Applications, Prentice-Hall of India, 2004.
4. Andrew J. Viterbi, CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications,
Prentice Hall, USA, 1995.


List of experiments

1. Baseband signal generation ( I, Q )
2. Baseband Analysis
3. Study of effect of AWGN on baseband performance
4. Baseband demodulation
5. Up conversion to RF and analysis without and with noise

Students will be encouraged to build small subsystems and test System View, VSG and
Spectrum Analyzer to be used.


OPTICAL COMMUNICATION & NETWORKS
___________________________________________________________________________

1. Introduction: Propagation of signals in optical fiber, different losses, nonlinear
effects, solitons, optical sources, detectors.
2. Optical Components: Couplers, isolators, circulators, multiplexers, filters, gratings,
Interferometers, amplifiers.
3. Modulation Demodulation: Formats, ideal receivers, Practical detection
receivers, Optical preamplifier, Noise considerations, Bit error rates, Coherent
detection.
4. Transmission system engineering: system model, power penalty, Transmitter,
Receiver, Different optical amplifiers, Dispersion.
5. Optical networks: Client layers of optical layer, SONET/SDH, multiplexing, layers,
frame structure, ATM functions, adaptation layers, Quality of service and flow
control, ESCON, HIPPI.
6. WDM network elements: Optical line terminal optical line amplifiers, optical cross
connectors, WDM network design, cost trade offs, LTD and RWA problems, Routing
and wavelength assignment, wavelength conversion, statistical dimensioning model.
7. Control and management: network management functions, management frame
work, Information model, management protocols, layers within optical layer
performance and fault management, impact of transparency, BER measurement,
optical trace, Alarm management, configuration management.
Note: Suitable number of Assignments / Tutorials can be given based on the syllabus

Reference Books:
1. John M. Senior, Optical fiber Communications, Pearson edition, 2000.
2. Rajiv Ramswami, N Sivaranjan, Optical Networks, M. Kauffman Publishers,
2000.
3. Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communication, MGH, 1 991.
4. G. P. Agarawal, Fiber Optics Communication Systems, John Wiley NewYork,
1997
5. P.E. Green, Optical networks, Prentice Hall, 1994.


SOLID STATE RF DESIGN


1. Active RF Components: Semiconductor properties, RF diodes, BJTs, FET,s,
MOSFETS, HEMTs, HBT, Device Models, Device Characterization.

2. Noise and Distortion in Microwave Systems: Basic threshold detection, noise
temperature and noise figure, noise figure of a lossy transmission line; Noise figure of
cascade systems: Noise figure of passive networks, two-port networks, mismatched
transmission lines and Wilkinson power dividers; Dynamic range and inter-modulation
distortion.

3. Switches: Devices for microwave switches: PIN diode, BJT, FET; Device models; Types
of switches; Switch configurations; Basic theory of switches; Multi-port, broad-band and
isolation switches.
4. Microwave Amplifier Design: Amplifier design considerations, Two-port power gains;
Stability of transistor amplifier circuits; Amplifier design using S-parameters: Design for
maximum gain, maximum stable gain, design for specified gain, low-noise amplifier
design, design of class-A power amplifiers.

5. Mixers: Mixer characteristics: Image frequency, conversion loss, noise figure; Devices
for mixers: p-n junctions, Schottky barrier diode, FETs; Diode mixers: Small-signal
characteristics of diode, single-ended mixer, large-signal model, switching model; FET
Mixers: Single-ended mixer, other FET mixers; Balanced mixers; Image reject mixers.

6. Oscillators and Frequency Synthesizers: General analysis of RF oscillators, transistor
oscillators, voltage-controlled oscillators, dielectric resonator oscillators, frequency
synthesis methods, analysis of first and second order phase-locked loop, oscillator noise
and its effect on receiver performance.

7. Receiver design: Architectures, Dynamic range, Frequency conversion and filtering,
Digital cellular receiver.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Pozar, D.M. Microwave and RF Design of Wireless Systems, John Wiley & Sons. 2001
2. Gonzalez, G., Microwave Transistor Amplifiers: Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed., Prentice-
Hall. 1997
3. Bahl, I. and Bhartia, P., Microwave Solid State Circuit Design, 2
nd
Ed., John Wiley &
Sons. 2003
4. Chang, K., Bahl, I. and Nair, V., RF and Microwave Circuit and Component Design for
Wireless Systems, Wiley Interscience. 2002


MEMS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION


1. Introduction: RF MEMS for microwave applications, MEMS technology and
fabrication, mechanical modeling of MEMS devices, MEMS materials and fabrication
techniques.

2. MEMS Switches: Introduction to MEMS switches; Capacitive shunt and series switches:
Physical description, circuit model and electromagnetic modeling; Techniques of MEMS
switch fabrication and packaging; Design of MEMS switches.

3. Inductors and Capacitors: Micromachined passive elements; Micromachined inductors:
Effect of inductor layout, reduction of stray capacitance of planar inductors, folded
inductors, variable inductors and polymer-based inductors; MEMS Capacitors: Gap-
tuning and area-tuning capacitors, dielectric tunable capacitors.

4. RF Filters and Phase Shifters: Modeling of mechanical filters, micromachined filters,
surface acoustic wave filters, micromachined filters for millimeter wave frequencies;
Various types of MEMS phase shifters; Ferroelectric phase shifters.

5. Transmission Lines and Antennas: Micromachined transmission lines, losses in
transmission lines, coplanar transmission lines, micromachined waveguide components;
Micromachined antennas: Micromachining techniques to improve antenna performance,
reconfigurable antennas.

6. Integration and Packaging: Role of MEMS packages, types of MEMS packages,
module packaging, packaging materials and reliability issues.

Reference Books

1. Varadan, V.K., Vinoy, K.J. and Jose, K.J., RF MEMS and their Applications, John
Wiley & Sons, 2002
2. Rebeiz, G.M., MEMS: Theory Design and Technology, John Wiley & Sons.1999
3. De Los Santos, H.J, RF MEMS Circuit Design for Wireless Communications, Artech
house.1999
4. Trimmer, W., Micromechanics & MEMS, IEEE Press. 1996
5. Madou, M., Fundamentals of Microfabrication, CRC Press. 1997


II SEMESTER
ANTENNA THEORY & SMART ANTENNA SYSTEMS


1. Introduction: Basic Antenna parameters, Types of linear arrays, Antenna synthesis
techniques, Phased Array Antenna and Switched array antennas - Power Pattern, Beam
Steering, Degree of Freedom, Optimal Antenna, Adaptive Antenna, Smart Antenna.
2. Narrowband Processing: Signal Model, Steering Vector Representation, Eigen value
Decomposition, Conventional Beamformer, Source in Look Direction, Directional
Interference, Random Noise Environment, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Null Steering
Beamformer, Optimal Beamformer, Constrained & Unconstrained Beamformers.
3. Adaptive Processing: Sample Matrix Inversion(SMI) Algorithm, Unconstrained Least
Mean Squares Algorithm, Gradient Estimate, Covariance of Gradient, Convergence of
Weight Vector, Convergence Speed, Weight Covariance Matrix, Transient Behavior of
Weight Covariance Matrix, Excess Mean Square Error, Misadjustment, Normalized Least
Mean Squares Algorithm, Constrained Least Mean Squares(LMS) Algorithm, Gradient
Estimate, Recursive Least Mean Squares(RLS) Algorithm
4. Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Methods: Spectral Estimation Methods, Bartlett
Method, Minimum Variance Distortionless Response Estimator, Linear Prediction
Method, Maximum Entropy Method, Maximum Likelihood Method, Eigen structure
Methods, MUSIC Algorithm, Spectral MUSIC, Root-MUSIC, Constrained MUSIC,
Beam Space MUSIC, Minimum Norm Method
5. Spatial Processing for Wireless Systems : Vector Channel impulse Response, Spatial
Signature, Spatial processing Receivers, Fixed Beamforming Networks, Switched Beam
Systems, Adaptive Antenna Systems, Wideband Smart Antennas, Digital Radio Receiver
Techniques and Software Radios for Smart Antennas.
CDMA Spatial Processing: Non-coherent & coherent CDMA spatial processors, spatial
processing rake receiver, Multi-user spatial processing, dynamic resectoring, downlink
beam forming for CDMA.
6. Microstrip & Printed Antennas : Microstrip & Planar Arrays, Rectangular Microstrip
Antenna Array, Microstrip Array feeding methods, Phase & Amplitude Error, Mutual
Coupling.
Printed Antennas: Printed Antennas, Omnidirectional Microstrip Antenna, Stripline Fed
Tapered Slot Antenna, Meanderline Antenna, Half-patch with reduced short circuit Plane,
Rectangular Microstrip Fed Slot Antenna.

Reference Books

1. Balanis A., Antenna Theory Analysis and Design, John Wiley &Sons, New
York,1982.
2. Joseph C. Liberti, Theodore S. Rappaport Smart Antennas for Wireless
Communications: IS95 and third generation CDMA Applications, Prentice Hall,
Communications Engineering and Emerging Technologies Series.
3. Lal chand gudal., Smart antenna CRC PRESS, London.
4. Microstrip and Printed Antenna Design, 2
nd
Edition, Randy Bancroft. ISBN No.
978974652107-9.

List of Experiments:

1. For a given Direction of Arrival (DoA), design an antenna array and plot its Radiation
pattern
2. For a given Adaptive Beam Forming (ABF) Specifications,, design an antenna array
and plot its Radiation pattern
3. Using Matlab and Em-Pro implement the beam forming algorithms and compare their
performance.
4. Design and simulation of Microstrip patch antenna for given specifications.


WIRELESS SYSTEMS


1. Overview of Wireless Networks: Introduction of Network Architecture and Design
Issues and Key Trends in Wireless Networking. Three Generations of Cellular Networks,
Trends in Wireless Technologies.

2. Characterization of Radio Propagation: Multipath Fading and the DistancePower
Relationship, Local Movements and Doppler Shift, Multipath for Wideband Signals.
Indoor and Urban Radio Propagation Modeling. Modeling and Simulation of
Narrowband Signal Characteristics, Modeling Path Loss and Slow Shadow Fading.
Modeling of Wideband Radio Channel Characteristics, Comparison between Statistical
Models, Ray-Tracing Algorithms.
3. Introduction to Speech coding and Channel coding: Error-Control Coding for Wireless
Channels, Space-Time Coding, Digital modulation techniques for wireless M-ary
modulation used in wireless systems, Introduction to Equalization, Rake receiver
concepts, Diversity and space time processing overview, Introduction to MIMO and STC.
4. Introduction to Topology: Medium Access and Performance. Topologies for Local
Networks, Cellular Topology for Wide-Area Networks.
5. Introduction to Wireless Systems & Standards: GSM, WCDMA, LTE and Wireless
LANs.

Reference Books

1. Kaveh Pahlavan & Allen H. Levesque, Wireless Information Networks, John Wiley &
Sons, 2005.
2. Rappaport T.S., "Wireless Communications; Principles and Practice", Prentice Hall, NJ,
2000.
3. Lee W.C.Y., "Wireless & Cellular Telecommunications", McGraw Hill, New York, 3e,
2005.
4. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2005.

List of experiments:
1. Generation of GSM, WCDMA, LTE, WLAN signals on Vector signal generator
(VSG)
2. Generate and analyze custom modulation signals using System View and VSG.
3. Analysis of GSM, WCDMA, LTE, WLAN signals on Vector signal analyzer (VSA)
4. Implement fading using System View and verify in hardware on VSG
5. Bandwidth and modulation quality measurement using VSA
6. Spurious and harmonics analysis on VSA.
7. MIMO implementation using System VIEW
8. OFDM implementation using system view & verification analysis on VSG/VSA.


TRACKING AND NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
__________________________________________________________________________
1. Introduction: Satellite based navigation systems, Terrestrial navigation systems,
introduction to tracking and GPS System, applications of satellite and GPS for 3D,
position, velocity, determination as function of time, interdisciplinary applications (e.g.
crystal dynamics, gravity field mapping, reference frame), basic concepts of GPS- space
segment, control segment, user segment, history of GPS constellation, GPS measurement
characteristics, selective availability (AS), anti-spoofing (AS)

2. Orbits and Reference Systems:Basics of satellite orbits and reference systems, two-
body problem, orbit elements, timer system and timer transfer using GPS, coordinate
systems, GPS orbit design, orbit determination problem, tracking networks, GPS force
and measurement models for orbit determination, orbit broadcast ephemeris, precise GPS
ephemeris, Tracking problems.

3. GPS Measurements:GPS observable-measurement types- C/A code, P code, L1 and L2
frequencies for navigation, pseudo ranges, atmospheric delays (tropospheric and
ionospheric), data format (RINEX), data combination(narrow/wide lane combinations,
ionosphere, free combinations, single, double, triple differences), undifferenced models,
carrier phase vs integrated doppler, integer biases, cycle slips, clock error.

4. Satellite-based navigation systems: Global Navigation satellite systems (GNSS), GNSS
receivers, Augmented systems and assisted GNSS.

5. Terrestrial Network based positioning and navigation: Fundamentals, positioning in
cellular networks, positioning in WLANs, Positioning in Wireless sensor networks,
Ranging and Navigation in RADAR systems-Radar equation, clutter, Digital MTI,
Tracking.

Reference Books

1. M. L Skolnik; Radar Handbook, 3
rd
edition, Mcgrawhill, 1980
2. B. Hoffman, Wellenhof, H. Lichtenegger and J. Collins, GPS - Theory and Practice,
5th revised edition, Springer, NewYork, 2001
3. Davide dardari, Emanuela Falletti, Marco Luise, Satellite and Terrsetrial Radio
Positioning techniques- A signal processing perspective, Elsevier Academic Press,
First edition, 2012


RF DESIGN METHODOLOGIES & EDA TOOLS


1. Basic resonator and filter configurations: special filter realization-filter
implementation-coupled filter.

2. RF diodes-bipolar junction transistor: RF field effect transistor-high electron mobility
transistors-diode models-transistor models-measurement of active devices-scattering
parameter device characterization.

3. Terminated transmission lines: Smith chart, Impedance matching using discrete
components microstrip line matching networks

4. Amplifier: Classes of operation and biasing networks. Characteristics of amplifier-
amplifier power relations-stability consideration-constant gain-broadband, high power,
and multistage amplifiers.

5. Basic oscillator model: high frequency oscillator configuration-basic characteristics of
mixer.

Simulation and implementation of above designs using Agilent EmPro /
ADS/SYSTEM VIEW tools

Reference Books

1. Reinhold Ludwig, Pavel Bretchko, "RF circuit design, theory and applications", Pearson
Asia Education edition, 2001
2. Mathew M.Radmanesh, Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics, Pearson
Education Asia edition, 2001.
3. Bahil and P. Bhartia, "Microwave Solid State Circuit Design", John Willey & Sons, New
York, 1998.
4. D. Pozar, "Microwave Engineering", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2005.


STATISTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING


1. Random processes: Random variables, random processes, white noise, filtering random
processes, spectral factorization, ARMA, AR and MA processes.

2. Signal Modeling: Least squares method, Pad approximation, Prony's method, finite data
records, stochastic models, Levinson-Durbin recursion; Schur recursion; Levinson
recursion.

3. Spectrum Estimation: Nonparametric methods, minimum-variance spectrum estimation,
maximum entropy method, parametric methods, frequency estimation, principal
components spectrum estimation.

4. Optimal and Adaptive Filtering: FIR and IIR Wiener filters, Discrete Kalman filter,
FIR Adaptive filters: Steepest descent, LMS, LMS-based algorithms, adaptive recursive
filters, RLS algorithm.

5. Array Processing: Array fundamentals, beam-forming, optimum array processing,
performance considerations, adaptive beam-forming, linearly constrained minimum-
variance beam-formers, side-lobe cancellers, space-time adaptive processing.

Reference Books:
1. Monson H. Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling," John Wiley &
Sons (Asia) PVT. Ltd., 2002.
2. Dimitris G. Manolakis, Vinay K. Ingle, and Stephen M. Kogon, "Statistical and Adaptive
Signal Processing: Spectral Estimation, Signal Modeling, Adaptive Filtering and Array
Processing," McGraw-Hill International Edition, 2000.
3. Bernard Widrow and Samuel D. Stearns, "Adaptive Signal Processing," Pearson
Education (Asia) PVT. Ltd., 2001.
4. Simon Haykin, "Adaptive Filters," Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd, 4th edition, 2002.
5. J.G. Proakis, C.M. Rader, F. Ling, C.L. Nikias, M. Moonen and I.K. Proudler,
"Algorithms for Statistical Signal Processing," Pearson Education (Asia) PVT. Ltd, 2002.


SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
1. Background: Satellite Communication versus Terrestrial Communication, satellite
frequency bands for communication, Orbital parameters, Orbital mechanics look angle
determinations, Azimuth & elevation calculations numerical examples, orbital
perturbations & Eclipse, Attitude and orbit control system (AOCS),thermal control,
telemetry, tracking, command (TT&C) and monitoring .

2. Satellite system: Types of earth stations, Antenna Types, Antenna Gain, Antenna Losses,
EIRP, Antenna Gain to noise temperature ratio, G/T measurement, High power
amplifiers, Need for Redundancy, Reliability, Power combining; Low Noise Amplifier,
various configurations, Need of Up and Down converters, Conversion process,
Polarization and hopping. Monitoring and control.
3. Spacecraft Systems: Power systems, communications subsystems, Power system design,
Transponders, arriving at number of transponders, SCPT and MCPT, on board processing
transponders, space antennas & polarization, Equipment reliability and space
qualification. Case study of INTELSAT, INSAT and IMARSAT.
4. Satellite Link Design: Basic transmission theory, Satellite uplink design, satellite uplink
design, transmission impairments, attenuations and fading, rain attenuation models.
Design for specified C/N ratio, noise figure and noise temperature and G/T ratio,
Interferences, Combining C/N and C/I values in Satellite links, Complete link design
examples.

5. Modulation, Multiplexing, Multiple Access Techniques: Analog telephone
transmission, FM theory, FM Detector theory, Calculation of S/N ratio, Digital
modulation, Calculation of S/N ratio. Basic Access assignments, FDM/FM/FDMA,SCPC
& MCPC, Companding, Need to backoff, Intermodulation product, over all C/N, TDMA,
TDMA Burst, Super frame, Frame acquisition and synchronization, control and
coordination. Examples; PCM/TDM/PSK/TDMA. SS TDMA, SPADE and ALOHA.

6. Encoding & FEC for Digital Satellite Links: Channel capacity, error detection coding,
linear block, binary cyclic codes, and convolution codes, Implementation of error
detection on satellite links.
7. Applications: Set top box with VSAT technology, GPS with CDMA, and weather
forecasting.
Reference Books:

1. Tri T. Ha, Digital Satellite Communications, McGraw Hill International, 2
nd
ed.
2. Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostain, Satellite Communication, John Wiley & Sons,
1986.
3. Louis J. Ippolito Jr., Satellite Communication Systems Engineering, John Wiley &
Sons, 2008

LOW POWER & HIGH FREQUENCY VLSI


1. Introduction: Need for low power VLSI chips, Sources of power dissipation on
Digital Integrated circuits, Emerging Low power approaches, Physics of power
dissipation in CMOS devices.

2. Device & Technology Impact on Low Power: Dynamic dissipation in CMOS,
Transistor sizing & gate oxide thickness, Impact of technology Scaling, Technology
& Device innovation

3. Power estimation, Simulation Power analysis: SPICE circuit simulators, gate level
logic simulation, capacitive power estimation, static state power, gate level
capacitance estimation, architecture level analysis, data correlation analysis in DSP
systems, Monte Carlo simulation.

4. Probabilistic power analysis: Random logic signals, probability & frequency,
probabilistic power analysis techniques, signal entropy.

5. Low Power Design: Circuit level: Power consumption in circuits. Flip Flops &
Latches design, high capacitance nodes, low power digital cells library
Logic level: Gate reorganization, signal gating, logic encoding, state machine
encoding, pre-computation logic

6. Low power Architecture & Systems: Power & performance management, switching
activity reduction, parallel architecture with voltage reduction, flow graph
transformation, low power arithmetic components, low power memory design.

7. Low power Clock Distribution: Power dissipation in clock distribution, single driver
Vs distributed buffers, Zero skew Vs tolerable skew, chip & package co design of
clock network

8. Algorithm & architectural level methodologies: Introduction, design flow,
Algorithmic level analysis & optimization, Architectural level estimation & synthesis.
Reference Books

1. Gary K. Yeap, Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design, KAP, 2002
2. Rabaey, Pedram, Low power design methodologies Kluwer Academic, 1997
3. Kaushik Roy, Sharat Prasad, Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design Wiley, 2000


RF CMOS DESIGN

1. Introduction to RF Design and Wireless Technology: Design and Applications,
Complexity and Choice of Technology. Basic concepts in RF design: Nonlinearly and
Time Variance, Intersymbol interference, random processes and noise. Sensitivity and
dynamic range, conversion of gains and distortion

2. RF Modulation: Analog and digital modulation of RF circuits, Comparison of
various techniques for power efficiency, Coherent and non-coherent detection, Mobile
RF communication and basics of Multiple Access techniques. Receiver and
Transmitter architectures, Direct conversion and two-step transmitters

3. RF Testing: RF testing for heterodyne, Homodyne, Image reject, Direct IF and sub
sampled receivers.

4. BJT and MOSFET Behavior at RF Frequencies: BJT and MOSFET behavior at
RF frequencies, modeling of the transistors and SPICE model, Noise performance and
limitations of devices, integrated parasitic elements at high frequencies and their
monolithic implementation

5. RF Circuits Design: Overview of RF Filter design, Active RF components
& modeling, Matching and Biasing Networks. Basic blocks in RF systems and their
VLSI implementation, Low noise Amplifier design in various technologies, Design of
Mixers at GHz frequency range, Various mixers- working and implementation.
Oscillators- Basic topologies VCO and definition of phase noise, Noise power and
trade off. Resonator VCO designs, Quadrature and single sideband generators. Radio
frequency Synthesizers- PLLS, Various RF synthesizer architectures and frequency
dividers, Power Amplifier design, Liberalization techniques, Design issues in
integrated RF filters.
Reference Books:

1. B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics PHI 1998
2. R. Jacob Baker, H.W. Li, D.E. Boyce CMOS Circuit Design, layout and Simulation, PHI
1998.
3. Thomas H. Lee Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Cambridge University press
1998.


III SEMESTER
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY


1. Research Problem - Meaning of research problem, Sources of research problem, Criteria
/ Characteristics of a good research problem, Errors in selecting a research problem,
Scope and objectives of research problem.

2. Research methodology definition, mathematical tools for analysis, Types of research,
exploratory research, conclusive research, modeling research, algorithmic research,
Research process- steps.

3. Data collection methods - Primary data observation method, personal interview,
telephonic interview, mail survey, questionnaire design. Secondary data- internal sources
of data, external sources of data. Data collection using a digital computer system, Role of
DSP in collected data containing noise.

4. Applied statistics - Regression analysis, Parameter estimation, Multivariate statistics,
Principal component analysis, Moments and response curve methods, State vector
machines and uncertainty analysis.

5. Modelling and prediction of performance - Setting up a computing model to predict
performance of experimental system, Multiscale modelling and verifying performance of
process system, Nonlinear analysis of system and asymptotic analysis, Verifying if
assumptions hold true for a given apparatus setup, Plotting family of performance curves
to study trends and tendencies.

6. Developing a Research Proposal - Format of research proposal, Individual research
proposal, Institutional proposal, Proposal of a student a presentation and assessment by
a review committee consisting of Guide and external expert only, Other faculty members
may attend and give suggestions relevant to topic of research.

7. Report writing - Types of report, guidelines to review report, typing instructions, oral
presentation.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, New Age
Publications, New Delhi, 2009.
2 Panneer selvam, R., Research Methodology, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 2004.
3 Ranjit Kumar, Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for Beginners, 2
nd

Edition Sage Publications Ltd, 2005

WIRELESS LOCAL & PERSONAL AREA NETWORKS


1. Elements & Chronology of Information Networks: Standards Organizations for
Information Networking: Evolution of Local & Personal Area Networks - IEEE 802.3
Ethernet, IEEE 802.11 WLAN, IEEE 802.15.

2. IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Overview: Packet Format and the Physical Layer - CSMA for
MAC -MAC Performance - Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and Beyond.

3. Overview of IEEE 802.11 WLANs: Wireless Local-Area Network operations - MAC &
Physical Layer - Deployment of Wireless Local-Area Networks - Security Issues and
Implementation in IEEE 802.11 - Wireless Local-Area Network Standards and 802.11
Standards Activities

4. IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal-Area Network: Standardization Series - IEEE 802.15.1
Bluetooth Overall Architecture - Protocol Stack Physical & MAC Mechanism - Frame
Formats - Connection Management & Security. Interference between Bluetooth and
802.11.

5. IEEE 802.15.3A Ultra Wideband Wireless Personal-Area Networks: Direct Sequence
UltraWideband - Multiband Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing - IEEE
802.15.4 ZigBee

6. Overall Architecture: Protocol Stack - Physical & MAC Layers - Frame Format -
Comparison of ZigBee with Bluetooth and WiFi. Millimeter Waves for Gb/s Wireless
PANs - Applications, Description, and Requirements - IEEE 802.15.3c standardization.

Reference Books

1. Kaveh Pahlavan and Prashant Krishnamurthy, Networking Fundamentals: Wide, Local
and Personal Area Communications, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
2. Millimeter wave technology in wireless PAN, LAN & MAN, Edited by Shao-Qiu
Xiao, Auerbach Publications, CRC Press, 2008.


RF POWER SYSTEM DESIGN

___________________________________________________________________________

1. Measurement of large currents and voltages, current and voltage transformers, design
equations and operational characteristics, error compensation schemes.

2. Protective CTs and PTs, overload and transient performance, standard specification of
instrument transformers.

3. DC current transformers, measurement of power and energy, torque equation of induction
type energy meter, parasitic torques and their minimization, IS specifications, analog and
digital KVA meters.
4. Tele-metering, remote terminal units, data acquisition systems, tri-vector meters, event and
disturbance recorders.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Cooper Helfrick, Electrical Instrumentation and Measuring Techniques, Prentice Hall
India, 1986
2. D. C. Nakra and K. K. Chowdhry, Instrumentation, Measurement, and Analysis, Tata
McGrawHill Publishing Co., 1984.
3. Selected topics from IEEE, AIEE and CIGRE Journals.


SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR EMI, EMC & SIGNAL INTEGRITY
___________________________________________________________________________
1. Time, Frequency Signal Analysis: DFT and chirp z-transform, 2-D continuous space
signals and systems, Superposition Integral, convolution and resolution, 2-D Fourier
series, 2-D Discrete Fourier series (2D-DFS), definition and relationship to
continuous Fourier series, 2-D Discrete Space Fourier Transform (2D-DSFT) and 2D
Discrete Fourier Transform, 2-D Sampling and Nyquist criteria, 2D z-transform,
properties, 2-D Filter Design Concepts, Wavelet Analysis, Continuous and Discrete
wavelets, Bio-orthogonal wavelets, Lifting Scheme of wavelets.
2. Adaptive Signal Processing:Adaptive systems, Definition and characteristics,
General properties, open and closed loop adaptation, performance function and
performance surface, gradient and minimum MSE, Simple gradient search algorithms
- Newtons method, method of steepest descent, adaptive algorithms- The LMS
algorithm, Basic Wiener filter theory, RLS Adaptive Filters - Exponentially weighted
and sliding window RLS, Adaptive recursive filters, Adaptive modeling in FIR
Digital filter synthesis.
3. Multirate Digital Signal Processing:Concepts, Sampling rate reduction, sampling
rate increase, conversion by non-integer factors, multi-stage approach to sampling rate
conversions, decimators and interpolators, design of sampling rate convertors, filter
specification, sampling rate conversion using polyphase filter structure,
Implementation of digital filter bank.
4. Digital Signal Processors:Introduction to Programmable DSPs- Harvard architecture,
Multiplier and Multiplier Accumulator(MAC), modified bus structure and Memory
access scheme in P-DSP, Addressing modes, multiple access memory, Very large
instruction word (VLIW) architecture, pipelining. Architecture of TMS320C5X,
TMS320C54X and TMS320C6X DSP.
5. Applications of DSP:Adaptive multipath compensation and adaptive jammer
suppression, Radar signal processing, adaptive filter as a noise canceller. Multirate
narrow band digital filtering, high resolution narrow band spectral analysis,
equalization of digital audio signals, High quality analog to digital conversion of
digital audio, EMI, EMC, & Signal Integrity analysis.

Reference Books:

1. John G Proakis, Dimitris G Manolakis Digital Signal Processing, Principles, algorithm
and applications Prentice Hall, 2005
2. Emmanuel C Ifeachor, Barrie W Jervis Digital Signal Processing, A Practical approach
Pearson Education 2004
3. Bernard Widow, Samuel D Stearns, Adaptive Signal Processing, Pearson Education,
2002
4. B Venkataramani, M Bhaskar , Digital Signal Processors, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006.


SPREAD SPECTRUM & MULTICARRIER TECHNIQUES


1. Spread Spectrum: Introduction, Application and Advantage, Pseudo noise sequence,
Pulse Noise Jamming, Classifications: Direct Sequence SS, Frequency Hopped SS,
Hybrid SS. Fast Hopping Versus Slow Hopping, Time Hopping SS systems.

2. Synchronization of SS systems: Acquisition, Tracking. Jamming Consideration
Broadband, Partial band, Multiple tone, Pulse-repeat band, jamming blade systems

3. OFDM: Introduction, Advantages and drawbacks, Applications and standards. Multi
Carrier Spread Spectrum - Principles of various schemes, Advantages and Drawbacks.
MC-CDMA and MC-DS-CDMA Signal structure, Uplink and downlink signal,
Spreading and detecting techniques.

4. Multicarrier techniques: Multi carrier modulation and demodulation,
synchronization, channel estimation, Channel coding and decoding. Signal
Constellation, Mapping, De-mapping and equalization, Adaptive technique in multi
carrier transmissions, Rf Issues.

Reference Books

1. K. Fazel, S. Kaiser, Multi Carrier & Spread Spectrum Systems, John Wiley & Sons,
2nd edition, 2008.
2. Ramjee Prasad, OFDM for Wireless Communications Systems, Artech House,
2004.
3. Richard Van Nee and Ranjee Prasad, OFDM for Wireless Multimedia
Communication, Artech House, 2000.
4. Rodger E. Ziemer, Roger W. Peterson, Introduction to Digital Communication, 2e,
Prentice Hall, 2001.


TERA HERTZ COMMUNICATIONS.

_______________________________________________________________________

1. Terahertz Overview and Principles:Electromagnetic Radiation and Propagation
Fundamentals, Terahertz Principles and Interaction with Matter, Terahertz Components,
Terahertz Applications, Biological effects of microwaves

2. Terahertz Sources & Receivers:Terahertz Sources Up converters , Down converters,
Receivers and Sensors, Antennas and Receiving Architectures, Measurement Principles,
Measurement Techniques, Terahertz Space Applications &Systems, Terahertz Terrestrial
Applications and Systems, Receiver Design, : THz antennas, principles, topologies and
modeling.
3. Terahertz Sensing & Technology:Electron Devices and technology, Emerging
Scientific Applications & Novel Device Concepts , Principles of Terahertz science and
technology, identify the proper optical sources of a THz beam, including femto second
lasers and CW lasers, distinguish and select the correct THz emitters, including
photoconductive antennae, surface field, screening and optical rectification, appraise two
dominant THz detectors: a photoconductive dipole antenna and an electro-optic sensor,
describe a THz system and optimize its performance in spatial and temporal resolutions,
bandwidth and dynamic range, construct a THz imaging setup and discuss the recent
developments in 2D imaging and real-time & single-short measurement highlight recent
advances of THz research and development from the , academic and industrial sectors,
summarize state-of-the-art THz applications and predict new opportunities and
applications.
4. Terahertz Technology & Applications, Terahertz Optoelectronics: Millimeter-Wave
and Terahertz Technology, THz Detectors (single-photon detectors, microbolometers,
Golay cells, Pyroelectric detectors, diode detectors, and focal-plane arrays), THz Sources
(vacuum-electronics-based, semiconductor-based, photoconduction-based and
nonlinearity-based), THz electronic components (waveguides, Metamaterials, filters and
modulators), sensing with THz radiation (THz spectroscopy, imaging and tomography),
and THz applications (biology, medicine, space sciences, pharmaceutical industry,
security and communications), Sensing with Terahertz Radiation, Terahertz
Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications, Terahertz Sensing Technology: Emerging
Scientific Applications & Novel Device Concepts, Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Wave
Spectroscopy of Solids Infrared and millimeter waves. THz Measurement techniques:
Time and frequency measurement principles and techniques.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Rostami, Ali Rasooli, Hassan Baghban Terahertz Technology: Fundamentals and
applications, New York, Springer, 2011.
2. RE, Terahertz Sources and Systems , 2001.
3. Kiyomi Sakai, Terahertz Optoelectronics, Springer, 2004.
4. Daniel Mittleman, Sensing with Terahertz radiation, Springer 2004.
5. Kenneth J. Button,Infrared and Millimeter Waves, New York, Academic Press,
1979.


RF SENSORS & ADHOC WIRELESS NETWORKS

___________________________________________________________________________

1. Ad hoc wireless networks: Issues in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Ad Hoc Wireless
Internet.

2. MAC protocols for ad hoc wireless networks: Issues in Designing a MAC Protocol for
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design Goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless
Networks. Classification of MAC Protocols, Contention -Based Protocols, Contention-
Based Protocols with Reservation Mechanisms. Contention-Based MAC Protocols with
Scheduling Mechanisms, MAC Protocol That Use Directional Antennas, Other MAC
Protocols.

3. Routing protocols for ad hoc wireless networks: Issues in Designing a Routing
Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks, Classification of Routing Protocols, Table-Driven
Routing Protocols, On -Demand Routing Protocols, Hybrid Routing Protocols, Routing
Protocols with Efficient Flooding Mechanisms, Hierarchical Routing Protocols, Power-
Aware Routing Protocols.

4. Multicast routing in ad hoc wireless networks: Issues in Designing a Multicast
Routing Protocol, Operation of Multicast Routing Protocols, An Architecture Reference
Model for Multicast Routing Protocols, Classification of Multicast Routing Protocols,
Tree- Based Multicast Routing Protocols: Multicast Core-Extraction Distributed Ad Hoc
Routing, Multicast Ad Hoc- On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol. Mesh -
Based Multicast Routing Protocols: On -Demand Multicast Routing Protocol, Core -
Assisted Mesh Protocol.

5. Transport layer protocol for ad hoc wireless networks: Issues in Designing a
Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Design Goals of a Transport
Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Transport Layer
Solutions. TCP Over Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Other Transport Layer Protocols for
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

6. Quality of services in ad hoc wireless networks: Issues and Challenges in Provisioning
QoS in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Classification of QoS Solutions, MAC Layer
Solutions, Network Layer Solutions.

7. Energy management in ad hoc wireless networks: Need for Energy Management in
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Energy Management schemes. Battery
Management Schemes, Transmission Power Management Schemes, System Power
Management Schemes.

Reference Books:

1. C. Siva ram Murthy and B. S. Manoj, Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architecture and
Protocols, Pearson, 2005
2. Ozan K, Tonguz, Gianluigi Ferrari, Ad HoC Wireless Networks Communication -
Theoretic Perspective, John Wiley, 2009
3. George Aggelou, ,Mobile ad hoc networks, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2009 .


COGNITIVE RADIO


1. Cooperative communications - Cooperation protocols - Hierarchical cooperation;
Cooperative communications with single relay; Multi-node cooperative
communications; Distributed space time coding (DSTC) - Distributed space
frequency coding (DSFC); Relay selection: when to cooperate and with whom;

2. Differential modulations for DF cooperative communications - Differential
modulation for AF cooperative communications; Cognitive multiple access via
cooperation; Content-aware cooperative multiple access; Distributed cooperative
routing; Sourcechannel coding with cooperation;

3. Broadband cooperative communications - System model - Cooperative protocol and
relay assignment scheme -Performance analysis; Network lifetime maximization via
cooperation - System models - Lifetime maximization by employing a cooperative node
- Deploying relays to improve device lifetime.

4. Cognitive Radios and Dynamic Spectrum Access - Fundamental Limits of Cognitive
Radios - Mathematical Models Toward Networking Cognitive Radios; Network Coding
for Cognitive, Radio Relay Networks - Cognitive Radio Networks Architecture;
Overview of Spectrum Sensing concept.

Reference Books

1. K.J. Rayliu, A.K. Sadek, Weifeng Su & Andres Kwasinski, Cooperative
Communications and Networking, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
2. Kwang-Cheng Chen and Ramjee Prasad, Cognitive Radio Networks, John Wiley &
Sons, 2009.


TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK MANAGEMENT


1. Principles of telecommunication network management: Analogy of telephone network
management, data and telecommunication network, distributed computing environments,
TCP/IP based networks, Communication protocols and standards, Case histories of
networking and management, Challenges in information technology, network
management Goals, organization and Functions. Network and system management,
Network management system platform, current status and future of network management.

2. Telecommunication networks review: Network topology, LANs, Network node
components, WANs, Transmission technology, ISDN and Broadband services.

3. Simple Network Management Protocol: basic foundations, models, standards and
languages, Network management organization and information models, Communication
and functional models, SNMPv1, SNMPv2, SNMPv3- Architecture, MIB, applications,
SNMP Remote monitoring.

4. Broadband network management: ATM networks, Broadband access networks and
technologies, HFC technology, DSL and ADSL management.

5. Telecom Management Network: Concepts, Architecture, Management services,
Implementation issues.

6. Applications: Network management tools, measurement systems, Fault Management,
Configuration Management, Performance Management, Security issues. Web based
network management

Reference Books:

1. Mani Subramanian Network Management Principles and Practice, Addison- Wesley,
2000.
2. Salah Aiidarons, Thomas Plevayk, "Telecommunications Network Technologies and
Implementations", Eastern Economy Edition IEEE press, New Delhi, 1998.
3. Lakshmi G Raman, "Fundamentals of Telecommunication Network Management", Eastern
Economy Edition IEEE Press, New Delhi.

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